SU1773372A1 - Device for washing fruit and vegetables - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to equipment for the primary processing of fruits and vegetables, and in particular to devices for washing raw materials, and can be used in the food and canning industry for washing greens.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce water consumption, increase productivity while improving the quality of washing and sanitization.

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed device: in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1 (drum and brush).

The device includes a bath 1. At the ends of which the activators 2 are installed. A conveyor 3 with a strangulation device 4 fixed above it is partially lowered into the bathtub 1. At the top of the bathtub 1 there is a funnel 5 limited by the reflector 6. The reflector 6 can be rotated around a horizontal axis. ^; Nozzles 7 are located under the funnel 5. At the bottom of the bath 1 there is a sump 8 with a valve 9 for discharging water. At the bottom on the side wall of the bath 1 there is a hatch 10. In the wall of the sump 8 there is an overflow hole 11. into which an inclined pipe 12 is inserted. An easily removable plug 13 is installed at the second end of the pipe 12. A pipe open on top is welded to it, adjustable in height - a vertical pipe 14 threaded at the upper end onto which the adjusting nut is screwed

15. To the fork 16 is attached at the level of the lower drum 17 of the conveyor 3 a pipeline section with a valve 18 with the open lower bend-down section 19. The valve 18 may be located both at the level of the drum 17 and below it, but part of the pipeline on which it is installed should be held at drum level 17.

The bottom section of this pipeline branch 19 is located below the activators 2.

The blade 20 of the conveyor 3 is made up of plates 21 connected by loops 22, The bent edges of the plates 21 are made in the form of teeth 23. The blade 20 is stretched between the drum 17 and the drive sprocket 24. Above the conveyor 3 are fixed at an angle from 12 to 45 ° to the web 20 of the nozzle 25 and a vertical nozzle 26. Under the canvas 20, the entire width of the bath 1 is placed a groove 27, and in front of the drum 17 an inclined partition 28, the top of which is located above the upper edge of the nut 15. The drive sprocket 24 and the brush 29 are placed in the tray 30.

The chain drive 31 by means of an asterisk 32 drives the conveyor 3. The asterisks rotate in bearings 33._

A large sprocket 34 is connected by a chain 35 to a small sprocket 36. The brush 29 is mounted on the shaft. The bristle 37 on the brush 29 is placed not on the entire surface, but by rings extending between the teeth 23. If pins are attached to the surface of the plates and the teeth are not bent, then the bristle 37 of the brush 29 is arranged so as to freely pass between the pins.

The device operates as follows.

With the valve 18 open, the bath 1 is filled with water. Activators 2 are turned on so that they swirl the water in bath 1 in one direction. Through a funnel 5, 1 portion of greens is thrown into the bathtub. Reflector 6 prevents greens from entering the conveyor 3. To increase turbulization, the direction of rotation of the activators is alternately changed. After the set time has elapsed, an intensive water supply to the nozzles 7.25 and 26 is started and the valve 18 is closed. The conveyor 3 is turned on. The water level in the bath 1 rises rapidly. The green pops up, is picked up by the teeth 23 and is taken out to the web 20. The jets of water from the nozzles 7 and the rotation from the gouge 6 contribute to the laying of green on the web 20. Rising along the web 20. the green falls under jets of water falling at an acute angle. At the same time, the greens are torn from the canvas and washed from all sides. A vertically falling stream of water from the nozzles 26 extinguishes the spray of jets from the nozzles 25 and causes the greens to fall onto the blade 20 and leave the machine through the tray 30. The greens adhering to the plates 21 are torn off by the bristles 37 and thrown into the tray 30.

As the bath 1 is filled with water, the conditions for supplying greenery to the canvas 20 improve. When the water reaches a predetermined level, its excess begins to pour out through the upper edge of the pipe 14. By changing the position on the pipe 14 of the adjusting nut 15, they keep in the bath 1 level providing the best conditions for loading the canvas 20 for each type of greenery. In the process of sanding, pebbles, sand and dirt are separated from the green. After the activators 2 stop, they settle and accumulate in the sump 8. Due to the fact that water is taken from the sump 8 for overflow, the most polluted water is discharged from the machine. In this case, the partition 28 prevents the flushing of greens from the crowbar 20, and the trough 27 prevents water from spilling at the smallest possible size of the bath 1. Pebbles and coarse sand are removed from the sump 8 by opening the valve 9.

After extracting the greens, the conveyor 3 is stopped, the water supply to b is stopped

nozzles 7, 25 and 26 and open the valve 18. Water from the bath 1 begins to exit through the pipe. The overflow over the edge of the adjusting nut 15 stops and the water level in the pipe 14 is set below the water level in the bath 1 by the value of the hydraulic resistance of the communication. The fork 16 is lowered below the valve 18 to compensate for the effect of the hydraulic resistance of the communication. When the water level in the pipe 14 drops so much that air is sucked into the fork 16, the flow of water through the valve 18 stops. In bath 1 and in pipes, the same water level is set. If, for whatever reason, water still comes in small quantities, then it overflows through branch 19, passing through open valve 18. The next portion of greenery is thrown into the device and washing is started.

The claimed technical solution has the following advantages compared with the prototype: excludes the occurrence of greenery. Activators activated with reversal create enhanced turbulence of water, which helps to remove dirt from greenery. Placing an overflow hole at the bottom of the bath allows you to remove the dirtiest water from it, as dirt accumulates at the bottom. Water release control allows filling the conveyor only for the period of greenery release. In the time of washing greens, the conveyor does not interfere with the rotation of water. Placed at an acute angle 'to the conveyor belt, the nozzles tear off the greens from the conveyor plates and, thanks to the atom, the leaves are rinsed on all sides. Sanitation time is reduced by using a brush conveyor cleaning cloth, the bristles of which pass between the teeth.

Thus, a reduction in water consumption and an increase in productivity is achieved by increasing the turbulization of water in the bathtub and combined washing: first in the bath under the influence of activators, then under oblique jets. Using a brush reduces sanitation time, which allows you to wash more greens at the same time. Water saving, unlike other batch machines, is achieved due to the fact that in order to extract greens, it is not necessary to let out all the water from the bath, but to drain only the most polluted from the bottom.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. A device for washing fruit and vegetable raw materials, mainly greens, comprising a bath with an overflow hole, disk activators located in it and an inclined discharge conveyor mounted above them with a shower unit mounted above it with nozzles and pipelines for supplying water, characterized in that, for the purpose of increase productivity, reduce water consumption and improve sanitation, it is equipped with a drive brush installed at the end of the unloading conveyor, with the possibility of interaction of its bristles with the lower th plate of the conveyor, and a valve mounted on the pipeline, and the pipeline consists of an adjustable pipe and a curved U-shaped section with a valve located above and below the level of the lower drum of the conveyor, the adjustable pipe is placed above the lower drum, and the open end of the U-shaped section of the pipeline ends below the activators mounted on opposite walls of the bath, and the overflow hole is made at the bottom of the bath and is connected via a pipeline to a valve and an adjustable nozzle. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the discharge conveyor is made of perforated plates, and the nozzles of the choking device are inclined to the conveyor plane at an angle of 12 - 45 °. AA Fig. &