SU1766401A1 - Method for treating accommodation disorders - Google Patents

Description

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(21) 4310308/14 (22) 09/29/87 (46) 07.10.92. Bul Ms 37 (72) V.V.Okovitov, A.R.Guskov, A.I. Vasilyev and S.V. Chernysheva

(56) Ophthalmological Journal, 1984, No. 2, pp. 83-86.

(54) METHOD FOR THE TREATMENT OF ACCOMODATION DISORDERS

(57) Use: in medical technology, for the treatment of diseases of the organ of vision.

Essence: two stimulating electrodes, which are placed around the cornea, are supplied with pulses of opposite polarity with a frequency of 1-10 kHz, in the form of 1–15 ms pulses, with a repetition frequency of 1–30 Hz and a current amplitude of 0.5–10 mA Positive effect: increased visual acuity due to an increase in therapeutic current density. 2 Il.

The invention relates to medical technology, in particular to methods for treating diseases of the organ of vision. The aim of the invention is to increase visual acuity by increasing the therapeutic current density.

The method is carried out as follows.

Before electrostimulation, an anesthetic, such as a 0.5% solution of dikain, is instilled into the conjunctival cavity of the eye. After a few minutes, for example, after 1-2 minutes, upon the onset of anesthesia, the electrode is placed on the sclera in such a way that the center of the electrode coincides with the center of the pupil.

Stimulation is carried out when two stimulating electrodes, which are placed around the cornea, are supplied with opposite polarity pulses with a frequency of 1-10 kHz in the form of 1-15 ms pulses, a repetition frequency of 1-30 Hz and a current amplitude of 0.5- 10 mA.

The electrode dimensions are selected in accordance with the dimensions of the eye block so that the inner surface of the electrode fits tightly to the sclera, the cornea is placed in the electrode hole, and the contact conductive plates are located on the sclera in the projection of the ciliary muscle. Thus, the electro-stimulator kit should include electrodes of several sizes, and the smallest electrodes are intended for electrostimulation in children.

The indicators of the electrostimulator make sure that the amplitude regulator of the electrostimulator is in the zero position and include the electrostimulation. Smoothly increase the amplitude of the stimulating pulses until the patient feels nice bumps under the electrode. In the process of stimulation, the patient may adapt to stimulation, in which case the amplitude of the pulses will again increase somewhat. In case of occurrence of uncomfortable effects, the amplitude of the stimulating pulses is reduced,

The time of the first session is set to 3 minutes, the next - 5 minutes. At the end of the electrostimulation session, the electrode is removed and the eye may be dripped into the eye.

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disinfectant solution, for example, a 30% solution of sulfacyl-sodium (albucide).

Similar sessions are conducted daily, for a course of treatment of 10 to 15 stimulation sessions.

Electrodes can be used repeatedly, for which after electrostimulation; tnx is sterilized, for example, by chemical methods.

FIG. 1 shows the electrode when installed on the eye; in fig. 2 - view of the electrode from below.

The electrode contains two contact points. The conductive plates 1, fixed on a spherical shape of a dielectric. Conductive plates 1 can be made, for example, of stainless steel, and ring 2 can be made of polymethyl methacrylate. Conductive plates 1 are attached flush with the surface of ring 2, for which corresponding slots are made in the ring, or protrude 0.1-0.2 mm relative to the inner surface of the ring. Metal conductors 3 are attached to conductive plates 1 on the side of their attachment to ring 2, for example, by welding, to increase strength. Cylindrical or conical bulges 4 are made on conductor 3, for example, by soldering, wires 5 are connected by which the electrode is connected to the electrostimulator 6. In one embodiment of the electrode, parts of the wires connecting the electrode to the electrostimulator 6 can be used as conductors 3, in which case they pass T through the holes in the ring 2 and are connected directly to the contact conductive plates 1.

Examples of the method.

In all examples, the following parameters of stimulating pulses were used:

Pulse frequency 2.5 kHz,

The duration of the pulse packets is 8 ms,

Pulse repetition rate 5 Hz,

The duration of the stimulation session is 5 min.

Example 1. Pilot K., 27 years old. A year ago, for the first time, a decrease in the visual acuity of the left eye to 0.4 was revealed due to myopia of 1.0 diopters, which was an obstacle for continued flight work. Was sent to the hospital. Conducted 10 sessions in accordance with the above method of electrostimulation. At the beginning of the session, a current amplitude of 2.3 mA was established,

The process of stimulating the current amplitude increased to 6.4 mA. Visual acuity increased by 2 times, the amount of accommodation increased from 6 diopters. up to 8 diopters

Example 2. Pilot A., class 1, 33 years. Since 1980, myopia of both eyes has been diagnosed in 1.0 diopters. with a decrease in visual acuity to 0.8 per eye. In July 1986 The next examination revealed a decrease in the visual acuity of the right eye to 0.6 and the left eye to 0.4, due to myopia of 1.5 diopters. This state of visual function was an obstacle to continued flight work. Ten electrosity sessions were carried out according to the above method (the amplitude of the current at the beginning of the session was 1.7 mA, at the end - 5.1 mA). The acuity of the eyesight of both eyes increased to 0.8. Was allowed to continue flight work. With the control axis after a year, the sharpness of both eyes was -0.7.

Example 3. Navigator B., class 1, 34 years old. Since 1983, a decrease in the sharpness of the eyesight of both eyes to 0.8 was diagnosed, due to myopia outside of 1.0 diopter. A regular examination in April 1987 revealed a decrease in the sharpness of the vision of the right eye to 0.6 and the left to 0.3, due to myopia of 1.5 diopters. 9 sessions of electrostimulation were performed using the above method (current amplitude at the beginning of the session was 2.1 mA, at the end - 7.2 mA). As a result, the visual acuity of both eyes increased to 0.9-1.0, the volume of accommodation increased from 6.0 diopters. up to 8.0 diopters Was

5 admitted to the continuation of flight work.

Example 4. Cadet A., 21 years old. From the age of two, he wears glasses for a farsightedness of 6.0 diopters. In the last 6 months. noticed a decrease in sharpness

0 Vision on both eyes up and down. 15 sessions of electrostimulation were carried out according to the above method (the amplitude of the current at the beginning of the session was 1.4 mA, at the end - 5.7 mA). As a result, the sharpness of the eyesight of both eyes

5 from 0.09 increased to 0.6 without correction and close from 0.1 to 0.4. Significantly improved visual performance.

Example 5. Serviceman B., 50 years old. Complained about the fast

0 tired eyes at work and headaches by the end of the working day. Wears glasses: spheres +2,5 dptr. 15 sessions of electrostimulation were carried out according to the above method (the amplitude of the current at the beginning of the session

5 1.6 mA, at the end - 6.5 mA). After treatment, visual acuity for near increased from 0.25 with a correction of sphere of + 2.75 diopters. to 0.6 without correction for both eyes. Astenopic complaints stopped, visual performance increased significantly. With

control examination after 8 months. visual acuity for both eyes - 0.5 without correction. Reads and writes without glasses,

The advantage of this method is the possibility of treating accommodation disorders not only with myopia, but also with hyperopia, initial presbyopia.

Compared with surgical methods of treatment, the proposed method also has the following advantages:

the simplicity of the procedure — an electrostimulation can be performed by a nurse trained for, for example, several hours, in contrast to the need for an operation by a highly skilled surgeon;

no risk of operative and postoperative complications (perforation of the cornea, corneal dystrophy, etc.);

the lack of transparency of the cornea and, in connection with this, numerous violations of visual functions;

full professional suitability of the patient after the treatment of accommodation disorders, the possibility of their work as pilots, chauffeurs, military and other specialties;

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the practical possibility of organizing mass treatment in the early stages of the disease, which will significantly reduce the number of myopic people, and

the organization of mass treatment at an early stage of the disease in school-age children will reduce the number of myopic among secondary school graduates (according to current data, about 30%), and expand their professional suitability.

Claims (1)

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Method for treating accommodation disorders by acting on ciliary muscle with bipolar electrical impulses, characterized in that, in order to increase visual acuity by increasing therapeutic current density, the sclera imposes two contacts of a stimulating electrode on which impulses of opposite polarities are applied. with a frequency of up to 10 kHz in the form of bursts of pulses with a duration of up to 15 ms, a repetition frequency of packs of up to 30 Hz and a current amplitude of 0.5-10 mA. FIG. one 1766401 Rig. 2