SU1764712A1 - Classifier - Google Patents

Description

one

(21) 4837735/03 {22) 11.06.90 (46) 30.09.92. Bul №36

(71) Belarusian integrated design and survey and research institute of the fuel industry

(72) L.T. Mikhalkov and P.E. Antonov (56) USSR Author's Certificate No. 1050756, cl. B 07 B 1/16, 1983.

Shnekova dryer Holo-Flyte (USA). Blagov I.S. and Filippov V.A. Drying coal in the US: An overview. M .: TSNEIugol. 1978. with. 40

(54) CLASSIFICATION DEVICE (57) Use: A technique for classifying crushed material. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: The device comprises a frame, a feed hopper, a funnel of the undersize and a shear product, drive hollow shafts with hollow discs, a pneumatic collector. Through holes are made in the walls of the discs, arranged in a checkerboard pattern and oriented towards the axis in the direction of rotation of the shaft. In the lower part of the cavity of the shafts fixed screens are installed. 6 Il.

The invention relates to a device for classifying by fractional composition crushed materials with fibrous and woody inclusions, for example, milled peat, lignin, etc., and can be used in the fuel industry, non-metallic materials industry, in agriculture.

Apparatuses for classifying bulk material are known, comprising a frame, drive rolls, and teeth with special profile teeth.

However, devices of this type have the following disadvantages. The screening surface formed by the grooves between the disks and the shafts, while rotating the latter, does not exclude grains (fibers, hemp, etc.) falling into the undersize product, commensurate with the width of the slit, but about a length of 5-10 times and more than acceptable sizes. The teeth of the discs, regardless of the profile of the teeth, as a rule, do not provide splitting, breaking of such fibers. When a screen falls through the slits or clogs the undersize product, the quality of the raw material deteriorates dramatically. Large fibers and wood inclusions, which are present in large quantities in peats of low degree of decomposition, in the production of fuel briquettes clog the pipes of drying units or fall out in the hog of pneumogas pipe-dryers, causing burning in the tract.

When reducing the size of the gaps between the discs, the long fibers carry the fines into the screenings (into the superlattice product), drastically reducing the yield of the useful product. This process is particularly negative when classifying high-moisture fibrous low-decomposed peats, lignin, and other raw materials.

It is also known a device for drying, cooling and other technological operations, comprising hollow shafts with hollow discs, made in the form of a screw. By

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technical essence of this device is closest to the invention.

When using such devices for the separation of crushed materials into fractions, the quality of the sub-product is not ensured. When sifting materials with fibrous and woody inclusions in such devices, elongated grains may fall out through the gaps between the discs and the IQ will clog the undersize product, which reduces its quality.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of the undersize product when classifying dissimilar crushed material with fibrous and woody inclusions.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in the proposed classification device comprising a frame, drive shafts installed in a frame with disks, with the disks of the previous shaft arranged between the two subsequent disks and the drive for rotating the shafts, the shafts and disks are hollow and interconnected for under - 25 openings in them are compressed air in the walls of the disks, arranged in a staggered order and oriented to the axis and in the direction of rotation of the shaft, and in the lower part of the shaft cavity there are fixed screens.

Figure 1 and 2 shows the proposed device; in FIG. 3 - section A-A in FIG. one; figure 4 - section bb in fig.Z; figure 5 - node I in fig.Z; on figb - section bb In 35 fig.Z.

The device for the classification of heterogeneous crushed material with fibrous woody inclusions consists of frame 1, feed hopper 2, funnels for 4o undersize 3 and oversize 4 raw materials. On frame 1, a fan 5 and a pneumatic collector 6 are placed. In the housings 7 of the sidewalls 8 of the frame 1 in bearings 9, a pin 11 of the hollow shaft 12 is installed. The shafts with the trunnions are connected by welding. The trunnions of the 10 shafts are connected by fixed axles 13c by a pneumatic collector 6. They are rigid on shafts 12 (hub 15 is fixed on the key 14 with disks 16.50

The cavity of each disk is formed by the front 17 and rear 18 walls and a ring with holes 18. In the outer diameter, the walls are joined by welding. The front wall 17 consists of sectors 20 in which 55 through holes 21 are made, arranged in a checkerboard pattern and oriented towards the axis and in the direction of rotation of the shaft. Sectors are interconnected by welding.

The cavities of the disks are connected by radial channels 22 in the hubs 15 and shafts 12 by means of pins 10 and axes 13c by a pneumocollector b. O-rings are installed to seal the axle joint with the axle.

For directing the air flow to the screening surface while rotating the shafts in the lower part of the cavity of the shafts 12, fixed screens 23 are mounted. At one end, the screen is fixed on the axis 13 and the other by means of a stand 24 and the center 25 in the hollow shaft axle 11.

The shafts 12 are driven, for example, by a chain drive 26.

The apparatus for classification works as follows.

Heterogeneous crushed material with fibrous and woody inclusions, such as mildly decomposed milling peat, lignin, is fed through the feed hopper 2 to the screening surface formed by rows of discs 16. During rotation of the shafts 12 with discs fixed to them 16, the peat particles are processed and moved along the screening surface.

After supplying air through the pneumatic collector 6 into the hollow shafts 12, and then through the radial channels 22 in them and in the hubs 15 in the cavity of the disks 16 and through through holes in the half disk 18 in the gap between the disks, the layer of raw material is fluidized over the screening surface . In the process of boiling the layer and moving it in the direction of rotation of the discs, better sifting of fine particles of useful raw material to the lower part of the device takes place, and the grains of elongated shape, fibers, wood inclusions having a greater sail area with dimensions exceeding the allowable value for the undersize product and air jets along the screening surface onto the sink. Peat particles, which have a low sail area and are smaller than the slit sizes, are sieved and sent to the funnel of the undersize product 3, and the large particles are sent to the funnel of the above-shear product 4.

As a result of fluidization of the scattered material by air jets emanating from the through holes in the disks oriented to the axis and in the direction of rotation of the shaft in the disks, the proposed device eliminates the clogging of the undersize product by fibrous and woody inclusions, the quality of material separation into fractions is improved.

The dimensions of the slits of the screening surface of the device are determined on the basis of the minimum sizes of fibers, wood inclusions, allowed by the conditions of drying of the material entering the drying apparatus after sieving.

Air flow is regulated by a throttling device using a pneumatic collector.

When heated air is supplied to the pneumatic collector, the proposed device for classifying dissimilar crushed material with fibrous and woody inclusions can also be used to dry the material dispersed into fractions.

Implementation of the invention will improve the quality of sieving (screening efficiency) up to 98-99%, increase the strength of briquettes, and increase plant productivity from 48 to 55 thousand tons of briquettes.

1764712

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for classification, including a frame, installed in discs, the discs of the previous shaft are located between the discs of the next one, and the drive for rotating the shafts, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of the undersize product, when classifying a heterogeneous crushed material with fibrous and woody inclusions, the shafts and discs are hollow and interconnected for supplying them with compressed air, through holes are made in the walls of the disks, arranged in a checkerboard pattern and oriented to the axis and in the direction of rotation of the shaft, while the device is equipped with stationary wounds, set at the bottom of shaft cavity. About FIG. 2 Zl S Ј gpf sz ABOUT og P eight 6