RU2093265C1 - Flour mill - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: food industry. SUBSTANCE: flour mill has peeling, hulling, abrading systems with working members, milling system with pair of rolls and sifting system with sieves. All the systems are interconnected by conveying system. The systems are made in the form of building blocks consisting of vortex heat-and- mass exchanger provided with tapered swirlers with tangential slots, mixing chamber, discharging arrangement, axially movable rotor fitted radial vanes, and cyclone separator made in the form of cylindrical housing with tapered hopper, discharge arrangement, inlet-outlet pipes, mixing chamber and axial swirler installed in the mixing chamber. EFFECT: improved efficiency. 6 cl, 8 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to techniques for processing grain crops and can be used in agriculture, food and chemical industries.

 Known devices / 1 5 / for processing grain and cereal crops are a group of machines of various modifications, carrying out technological processes of grinding, peeling, peeling, grinding and separation. The basis for constructing these devices are bodies of revolution. The principle of operation of these devices is to mechanically affect the material by introducing this material into the gap between the working surfaces of the bodies of revolution. The variety of these devices, separated by the technology of their production, does not allow the creation of cheap small-sized production lines, which hinders their development.

The closest to the claimed object of the prototype is a flour mill / 6 / to obtain products of grinding cereal crops, including 12
20 grinding systems with roller pairs and sieving systems with sieving or compartments of the sieving machine. This mill is equipped with an adjustable unloading system, a funnel-shaped device for transferring the product directly from the pair of rollers located at the top to the pair of rollers located at the bottom, has a common controlled shut-off device and a remote control system for each grinding task for adjusting the grinding slit and other specified values of the processing and transportation facilities.

 The disadvantage of this mill is the impossibility of changing functional tasks, namely, it is adapted only for grinding and sifting of grain crops.

 The objective of the invention is the creation of a basic device, which by replacing replaceable working bodies makes it possible to rebuild the device to any of the ongoing processes.

 The problem is solved by the creation of a flour mill, including a system: peeling, peeling, grinding with working elements, grinding with roller pairs and sieving with sieves connected by a pneumatic conveying system and made in the form of unified blocks consisting of a vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus and a cyclone connected between pneumatic transport and drive shaft through unloading devices. The problem is solved by the fact that the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus is made in the form of a cylindrical body and contains conical swirls with tangential slots, input-output pipes, a mixing chamber, a discharge device with a conical hopper and a rotor. The rotor mounted axially with a clearance relative to the lateral surface of the conical swirls is made in the form of a cylinder with end caps interconnected by radial blades, and has the possibility of axial movement.

 The problem is also solved by performing a cyclone in the form of a cylindrical body with a conical hopper containing an input-output pipe, a discharge device and a mixing chamber in which an axial swirler is installed.

 The problem is also solved by the fact that the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus of the peeling system is equipped with bills installed in the interscapular space of the rotor with a gap relative to the side surface of the swirl.

 The problem is also solved by the fact that the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus in the peeling system is equipped with peeling rings mounted on the side surface of the rotor with a gap relative to the end surfaces of the conical swirls.

 The problem is solved by the fact that the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus in the grinding system is equipped with grinding rings mounted on the side surface of the rotor with a gap relative to the end and side surfaces of the swirls.

 The problem is also solved by the fact that the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus in the grinding system is equipped with rollers made in the form of the side surface of the conical swirls and installed in the interscapular space of the rotor with a variable gap relative to the side surfaces of the conical swirls.

 The problem is also solved by the fact that the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus in the dawn system is equipped with a cylindrical sieve mounted on the inner surface of the rotor with a gap relative to the side surface of the swirls.

 The problem is also solved by the fact that in systems peeling, peeling and grinding, the working surfaces of the conical swirlers and the surfaces of the working elements are made in the form of a forming surface protected by carbide elements.

The differences of the proposed device from the prototype are:
a new set of structural nodes, the relative arrangement of nodes, the presence of connections between nodes, in particular,
the implementation of all milling mill systems in the form of unified blocks, consisting of a vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus and a cyclone, interconnected by pneumatic conveying and the drive shaft through unloading devices;
the implementation of the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus in the form of a cylindrical body containing conical swirls with tangential slots, input-output pipes, mixing chamber, unloading device with a conical hopper and a rotor;
the execution of the rotor mounted on an axis with a gap relative to the lateral surface of the conical swirls, in the form of a cylinder with end caps, interconnected by radial blades, and having the possibility of axial movement;
the implementation of the cyclone in the form of a cylindrical body with a conical hopper containing input / output pipes, a discharge device and a mixing chamber in which an axial swirler is installed.

The differences of the proposed device are a new set of parts in each system included in the mill, as well as the form of execution of these parts and their relative position, in particular:
in the grinding system, the rollers are made in the shape of the side surface of the conical swirls and installed in the interscapular space of the rotor with a variable gap relative to the side surfaces of the conical swirls;
in the dawn system, a cylindrical screen is mounted on the inner surface of the rotor with a gap relative to the side surface of the swirls;
in the stripping system, the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus is equipped with bills installed in the interscapular space of the rotor with a gap relative to the side surface of the swirls;
in the peeling system, the apparatus is equipped with peeling rings mounted on the side surface of the rotor with a gap relative to the end surfaces of the conical swirls;
in the grinding system, the apparatus is equipped with grinding rings mounted on the side surface of the rotor with a gap relative to the end and side surfaces of the swirls.

 Thanks to the use of a unified block, the flour mill can be modified into any system, both in the number of systems and in its functional purpose by replacing working elements on the rotor.

 A distinctive feature of the proposed mill is that all heat and mass transfer processes take place in a swirling air stream at relatively high air flow rates, which allows to reduce the level of temperature effect on the processed material and, as a result, improve its quality.

 The use of a vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus as a basic device combined with a pneumatic conveying system cycle into a unified technological unit allows you to create various functional systems for processing grain material and carry out technological processes of cleaning, moisturizing, heat treatment (heating, cooling), peeling, peeling, grinding, grinding and separation .

 Created prototypes of flour mills of various capacities show a significant reduction in material consumption, production costs, device reliability, as well as improving the quality of processed products.

 Thus, the device has an inventive step and is new in comparison with the known mills described in the literature and used in practice.

 In FIG. 1, 8 shows a flour mill in general form; in FIG. 2 - unified block; in FIG. 3 peeling system; in FIG. 4 peeling system; in FIG. 5 grinding system; in FIG. 6 grinding system; in FIG. 7 scattering system.

 The flour mill consists of a peeling system (1), a peeling system 82), a grinding system (3), a grinding system (4), a dispersing system (5) interconnected by a pneumatic conveying system through a fan (6), each of which is made in the form a unified block consisting of a vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus (7) containing conical swirls (8) with tangential slots (9), input pipes (10) of the output (11), a mixing chamber (12), a discharge device (13) with a hopper (14) ), the rotor (15) with the drive shaft (16), (the rotor (15) you it is filled in the form of a cylinder with end caps (17) interconnected by radial blades (18)), as well as a cyclone (19) consisting of a cylindrical body (20) with a conical hopper (12) and an unloading device (22), an inlet pipe (23) output (24), mixing chamber 25) and an axial swirler (26) installed in the mixing chamber (24).

 The peeling system (1), made in the form of a unified block, consists of a vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus (7) and a cyclone (19), is equipped with bills (27) mounted on the rotor (15) of the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus with a gap relative to the side surface of the swirls (8) .

 The peeling system (2), made in the form of a unified block, consists of a cyclone (19) and a swirl heat and mass transfer apparatus (7), equipped with peeling rings (28) mounted on the rotor (15) with a gap relative to the end surfaces of the conical swirlers (8).

 The grinding system (3), made in the form of a unified block, consists of a cyclone (19) and a vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus (7), equipped with grinding rings (29) mounted on the rotor (15) with a gap relative to the side and end surfaces of the conical swirlers (8 )

 The grinding system (4), made in the form of a unified block, consists of a cyclone (19) and a vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus (7), equipped with rollers (30), made in the form of a stepped cone, in the form of a shape that repeats the shape of the side surface of the swirls and mounted on the rotor ( 15) with a gap relative to the lateral surface of the swirlers (8).

 The scattering system (5) is made in the form of a unified block, consists of a cyclone (19) and a vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus (7), equipped with a cylindrical sieve (31) installed in the rotor (15) with a gap relative to the side surface of the swirls (8).

 The device operates as follows. The industrial applicability of the invention is confirmed by a specific example. The mill is made of peeling system (1), grinding system (4), scattering system (5), fan (6), FIG. eight.

 The grain is fed by pneumatic transport to the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus (7) of the peeling system (1) and through the mixing chamber (12) it enters the conical swirls (8). Under the influence of a swirling vortex flow created by the fan (6) and tangential slots (9) of the swirlers (8), a highly regular rotating grain layer is formed, which is held in the working gap by centrifugal forces created by the rotation of the air flow and rotor. Bills (27) are introduced by rotation of the rotor into the grain layer and due to the interaction of the friction forces of the working surfaces of the bill and grain surfaces, the upper grain shell is peeled. The peeling products under the action of the radial component of the velocity of the rotating air flow are removed from the grain layer and through the outlet pipe (11) enter the cyclone (19) and through the mixing chamber 825) and the swirl (26) are twisted and are removed from the rotating air flow due to centrifugal force and then through the unloading device (22) are output to the transport system.

 The cleaned grain is fed through a discharge device (13) by pneumatic transport to the grinding system (4), where, under the action of a rotating air flow, the grain enters under the rollers 20, which are mounted on the rotor with a gap and relative to the swirlers (8) and form several grinding zones. The grain passes successively each zone and under the action of the centrifugal force of the drum created by the rotation of the rotor, is ground to the value of the set working gap. At the same time, the grinding products for each grinding zone are discharged by the air flow through the outlet pipe (11) to the cyclone (19), where, similarly to the grinding system, the grinding products are separated from the air stream.

 The selected grinding products enter through the unloading device (22) and (13) by pneumatic conveying into the scattering system (5), where the process occurs similarly to that in the peeling and grinding systems.

 Obtaining the desired fraction of the grinding products is achieved by rotating the rotor and the through section of the sieve.

 Thus, the proposed device allows you to: grind grain into flour, cereal, peel grain and cereal, peel to separate into separate fractions by size. Sifting products are discharged through unloading devices (13) and (22) into the transport system.

 Sources of information.

 1. A.S. USSR N 1121563 IPC F 26 B 17/10, op. in BI N 40, 1984.

 2. A.S. USSR N 1122358, IPC B 02 C 4/10, op. in BI N 41, 1984.

 3. A.S. USSR N 1323142, IPC 4 B 07 B 4/06, 7/083, op. in BI N 26, 1987.

 4. A.S. USSR N 1639738, IPC 5 B 03/02, op. in BI N 13, 1991.

 5. A.S. USSR N 1761306, IPC 5 B 07 B 1/22, op. in BI N 34, 1992.

 6. A.S. USSR N 1837968, IPC 5 B 02 C 9/04, A 23 L 1/10, B 02 C 4/06, op. in BI N 32, 1993.

Claims (6)

 1. Flour mill containing systems peeling, peeling, grinding with working elements, grinding with roller pairs and sieving with sieves, combined in a technological line by a transport system, characterized in that the systems are made in the form of unified blocks consisting of a vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus containing conical swirls with tangential slots of the input-output, mixing chamber, unloading device with a hopper and a rotor with radial blades, mounted axially with a clearance relative to the side the surface of the swirls, having the possibility of axial movement, and a cyclone consisting of a cylindrical body with a conical hopper and a discharge device, input-output pipes, a mixing chamber and an axial swirl installed in the mixing chamber.  2. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus in the stripping system is equipped with beats installed in the interscapular space of the rotor with a gap relative to the surface of the conical swirls.  3. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus in the peeling system has peeling rings as working elements mounted on the side surface of the rotor with a gap relative to the end surfaces of the conical swirls.  4. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus in the grinding system has grinding rings as working elements mounted on the side surface of the rotor with a gap relative to the side and end surfaces of the conical swirls.  5. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus in the grinding system has rollers made in the shape of the side surface of the conical swirls and installed in the interscapular space of the rotor with a variable gap relative to the side surface of the conical swirls.  6. The mill according to claim 1, characterized in that the vortex heat and mass transfer apparatus in the sieving system has a cylindrical sieve mounted on the inner surface of the rotor with a gap relative to the side surface of the conical swirls.

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