SU1759251A1 - Solonetz soil treatment apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to devices for treating alkaline soils with the addition of powder chemical ameliorants. The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of land reclamation, reduce labor intensity and energy intensity by combining the cycles of operations for depositing calculated doses of ameliorants separately into different layers of the soil without mixing them together. A device for treating solonets contains a frame. which is mounted on the support wheel 2. tanks 3 and 4 are fixed to the frame for ameliorants and tuk, adjusting mechanisms 6 and 27 placed behind the plow 7 on the left (in the direction of travel) side separator 8 of the left frame

Description

I lover / by

bolted connection

7 yun / z gogv

FI.4

t

J

the next

GO 01

Zy 10 and the right milling cutter 20, in front of the left milling cutter 12, connected through a dispenser 13 with a capacity of 3 and placed at the lower end of the cup 17, installed a spigot 23 connects the capacity of 4 through the dispenser 25 with a seed glass 24, sprockets are mounted on it 30,31 , 36,37 chain drives of the drive of the metering units 13 and 25. The device operates as follows. When the support wheel 2 is moving, the invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to devices for treating saline soils with the addition of powder chemical ameliorates.

A known machine for introducing loose materials into the soil. The machine includes a frame, wheels, coulter-squeezers and a dosing device installed on racks from a rotary hopper and conveyor, the racks of which are curvilinear below and mounted in a frame in curvilinear guides, an attendant tilt sensor, kinematically connected to the valve of a power hydraulic cylinder, the latter body is hinged on the stand of the metering device, and the rod is fixed to the frame by means of a bracket.

This machine can not simultaneously make different doses of ameliorants in the upper and lower sodic layers of soil in one pass of the unit.

It is also known to use a combined tool for processing sodic soils, consisting of a support wheel, a frame with a stand with turf, central and supply tuber beams, a resistant ripper with a paw, a sprayer and a milling cutter.

The disadvantage of the tool is the impossibility of simultaneously applying different doses of ameliorants for the upper and lower alkaline layers in a single pass of the unit.

Closest to the invention is a combined tillage implement, including a frame, support wheels, vertically cutting soil knives, a curved tray with a spreader of chemical ameliorants under it; In the front part of the tray there is a horizontally undercutting plow body, and in the rear

The plow 7 digs into the required depth and shifts the soil without turning to the right for the divider 8. At the same time, the left 10 and the right 20 mills operate, the metering units 13 and 25. Each milling cutter is installed to a certain depth due to its adjustment mechanisms 6 and 27. Ameliorants enter their zones without mixing. 2 hp f-ly, 5 ill.

loosening working bodies; A spreader is installed under the tray, and a milling cutter under it.

The specified tool is also not capable of simultaneously bringing different doses of ameliorants into the upper and lower sodic layers of soil in one pass of the unit.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the efficiency of reclamation, reducing labor intensity and energy intensity by combining

the cycles of operations for the introduction of calculated doses of ameliorants separately into different layers of the soil without their mutual mixing.

The goal is achieved by the fact that in a known device containing a frame with a support

wheel mounted on the frame of the tank and metering devices for the mechanical supply of ameliorants, a plow, a milling cutter placed perpendicular to the movement, tukoproody, connected separately with each

capacity, reflectors yud tukoprovodami with an inclination of the B side of the cutters, the adjusting mechanism of the plow, the cutter is made in two sections, and the plow is located in front of the left section of the cutter. Between cutters installed

divider. The divider is made in the form of a vertical plate fixed along the longitudinal axis of the device on the right side of the plow blade, while the center axis of the left cutter is placed at the level of the blade of the plowshare. The right cutter is set offset from the left upwards and backwards to a distance not less than the diameter of the cutter's circle, not going backwards beyond the divider. Both cutters are attached to the frame on

suspensions with slots in the upper part for adjusting their position in the vertical plane. At the attachment points for the suspenders of the right milling cutter, the frame has horizontal slots for adjusting the position of the milling cutter in the horizontal plane. Both pipelines are attached.

motionless to the dispensers and freely placed in cones mounted glasses on the frame. The left cup is connected by means of a stand with the adjusting mechanism of the plow and the first reflectors. The lower edge of the left sleeve is located at the level of the lower edge of the blade. The right glass is rigidly attached to the adjusting mechanism of the right milling cutter located on the frame and connected to the second reflector. The lower edge of the right clamp is located below the upper edge of the divider. Housing cutters close their upper rear quarters Dispensers have independent drives, interlocked with a support wheel.

Thus, the proposed technical solution meets the criterion of novelty. Analysis of the known technical solutions (analogs) in agriculture allows us to conclude that they have features that are similar to the significant distinctive features of the proposed device, and recognize the proposed solution to the criterion of significant differences

FIG. 1 shows the device, front view; in fig. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. 1 in FIG. 3 is a section bB of FIG. 1; FIG. 4 is view B in FIG. 1; Fig 5 is a view of the device from the side of the support wheel.

A device for treating saline soils contains a frame 1 with a support wheel 2 fixed on it and with a capacity of 3 liters for ameliorants and tuk. Frame 1 houses a stand 5 connected to the upper end with the first adjusting mechanism 6, and the lower end to a plow 7, on which a vertical divider 8 is fixed, in the form of a flat rectangular plate. At the bottom of the plow 7, the plowshare 9 is fixed. on the movement side of the divider 8, at the level of the blade of the plowshare 9 perpendicular to the divider 8 (and the direction of movement of the device) is placed a milling cutter 10, the top and rear is closed to a quarter of circumference by a casing 11 of cylindrical shape. 12, connection Through the dispenser 13 with a capacity of 3, the shaft 14 of the milling cutter 10 is suspended from the frame 1 on the suspensions 15 in which the adjusting slots 16 are made. The tubing 12 is placed freely in the conical sowing cup 17c with a corresponding gap Glass 17 with the lower edge placed at the level of the lower edge of the blade and tapping 18 is rigidly attached to the rack 5. Under the sleeves 12 obliquely in the direction of the milling cutter 10 a reflector 19 is installed. With the possibility of simultaneous reciprocating vertical displacement

| t eslchom 17 taka

illogical casing

  conduit 23 in

The first is perpendicular to Kxpqpip, about 8 and to the right of it (review by ol d, Foesa 20 is placed with to; from ti about the final movement with reflect i U and Gkanom24 (vertical and chaz pgpt /. in opa aggregate) Cutter 20

is placed vertically in such a way that the horizon alah h. The reciprocal plane to whose bottom td-ke is at least part of the national plane to the milling cutter 10 at the top point in plan or in the horizontal

(scooped fazez 20 is placed in a checkerboard pattern with a milling cutter 10 so that the extension of the vertical i tangent tangential plane (for divide 8) to the rear front (bout P is at least 0 tangential to the tangent axis of the second 20 milling cutter 20 ni pf ikon at the level below the top upovd iyi 1 telz 8, a glass i 5 from p is installed bopno displacement j j. 23 th (n (through the dispenser 25 s

The capacity of the Sta about 4 stchhkoy 26 is rigidly guided with the ji-, Lfi adjusting mechanism 27 ps-ms, tsech on the right (in the course of the DB I1-) io: o. v pams 1 Reflector G2ustgog - Val28freza 20 sedpns “frame 1 similar to the shaft 14 of the milling cutter iO Dispensers 13 and 25 through the shafts 33 and 34 are kinematically connected (for example, by jumper) independently of each other with drives (fi 1 and 5) interlocked with the supporting wheel 2, with the possibility of installing a set of ameliorants for a seeding amelioration. The milling cutter 20, like the milling cutter 10, rotates on the corresponding shaft 28 and is fixed to the suspension 29

The shafts 33, 34 and 35 are fitted with sprockets 30.31, 36, 37 gears 32 and 38,

Work with tooistvz occurs as follows (Fig. 1.3 and 4)

Poi the movement of the support wheel 2 plow 7

using the plowshare 9, dig into the required depth, for example, up to the bottom of the arable layer, Plow 7 plowing the soil, shift it to the right without turning the place and for depot 8 Divider 8 holds the top (I) plowed and shifted to the right of the second aisle placed on the already ameliorated the bottom layer (II) of the first pass from falling on the opened surface of the bottom layer (II) of the second pass to

reclamation and treatment of the latter. At the same time, the Fosezy 10 and 20, dispensers 13 and 25 are dispensed. The dispenser 13 from tank 3 through pump 12 and glass 17 delivers reclaimer 19 at the expense of 2n, distributed / and mixed with the soil of layer II with left milling cutter 10. Casing 11 does not allow dose-2 to leave layer II in the upper-lying layer 1. This is necessary to prevent emissions of reclaimed portions of the soil from its zones. At the same time, such (quarter) form of housings is indispensable because there is practically no blocking between them and cutters, but it contributes to a better mixing of the soil in the desired zone. The independent drive from the support wheel 2 through the chain transmission 32 and the shaft 33 of the dispenser 13 allows the dispenser 13 to supply more or less ameliorant, for example, by using interchangeable drive sprockets 37, the Left cutter 10 follows a dense, not previously processed subsoil layer, which difference from the arable layer has different thickness at different sites. The depth cutter 10 is adjusted in depth using a separate adjustment mechanism 6. Dispenser 25 from tank 4 through tube 23 and cup 24 feeds the reflector 22 with a dose-1 ameliorant mixed by cutter 20 with soil I. The independent drive from the reference wheels 2 through chain drive 38 and shaft 34 allows the volume of improver to be applied to layer I, i.e. This feature makes it possible to perform the function of simultaneously introducing ameliorants and tukas of different concentrations into layers of soil different in their alkalinity. The connection of the cup 23 with the adjusting mechanism 27 of the milling cutter 20 allows, while moving the milling cutter 20, to maintain a fixed position of the cup 23 and the reflector relative to the milling cutter 20, and it is possible to spread and improve the quality of the improver at any position of the milling cutter 20. Offset mills 10 and 20 along the height are possible respectively, due to the vertical slits 16 and 40 in the suspensions 15 and 29 and allows each of them to process its own layer, and the possibility of shifting the right milling cutter 20 back relative to the left by moving the suspension 29 into the slits x 39 on frame 1 the device allows it to process the soil that has already managed to be distributed, and makes it possible to distribute the dose of ameliorant on the calmed surface of the layer before it is processed by the cutter 20. At different operating speeds of the unit. The free placement of the pipeline 12 and 23 in the cups 17 and 24 allows, when changing the depth, to avoid bending the pipeline and clogging them by using shorter hoses. This accordingly allows the use of a larger hose diameter, i.e. increase the range of doses possible for

make The rigid hermetic connection of the tubing 12 and 23 with the dispensers 13 and 25 allows you to avoid the ameliorant loss when introduced due to the complete

its volume through the pipeline to the glass. In addition, the absence of rigid connections of the tubing with the cups 17 and 24 allows, without disturbing the design of the device, by adjusting the depth of the cutters 10 and 20, to move

shafts 14 and 28, vertically up and down them. This is possible due to the free running of the pipelines in the glasses. The cups, when the cutters are displaced by adjustment mechanisms, move progressively upwards or

down, as if dressing on the tukovoprovody or removing from them. In this case, the sections of the tubing are buried in the cavity of the glasses. The displacement of glasses up to the stop in frame 1 (an extreme case) leads to the complete submergence of the pipelines in them when the sections of the pipelines and glasses are combined. The lower cut of the left glass is fixed at the level of the lower edge of the blade. Any other placement of the slice will cause excessive spraying of ameliorant or clogging of the slice with soil, a sign is needed to prevent the alleged deviations described above. The right glass bottom edge is fixed below the upper edge of the divider. This position of the glass avoids getting the improver in the adjacent layers and unnecessary expenditure and spraying of the improver for correct application of the dose-1 into the layer (namely,

and not scatter).

In containers 3 and 4 there may be different ameliorants, as well as fertilizers, or in one fertilizer, in the other - improver. 8 tanks 3 and 4 may be just one

the ameliorant, the required dose of which over the soil layers is provided by the design of the device through dispensers 13 and 25. From the reflectors 19 and 22, the ameliorants are distributed over the soil layers from the reflector 19 to layer II, from

reflector 22 -slug I (figure 1). In layer I, the improver (dose-1) is mixed with the soil of the mill 20. Casing 21 prevents the improver from dispersing beyond layer I. In layer II, the improver is being mixed

(dose-2) with the soil mill 10.

Thus, each layer of soil receives a strictly defined amount of improver. Improving the efficiency of land reclamation, reducing labor intensity and

Energy intensity is achieved by the fact that in one pass of the device in one direction two layers of soil with different alkalinity are meliorated simultaneously, whereas traditional methods and devices require the amelioration of each layer of soil to achieve the same effect. Similarly, you can apply fertilizer or a combination improver and fertilizer in different layers.

The proposed device, in contrast to the known technical means, allows for one pass of the unit to bring the planned doses of ameliorants or fertilizers into different horizons of sodic soils, preventing them from mixing with each other.

Claims (3)

Claim 1. Device for processing solonetzs, comprising a frame with a supporting wheel, a tank, a dispenser for mechanical feeding of soil ameliorators, a plow with a blade and an adjusting mechanism, a milling cutter, a twist duct, characterized in order to increase the efficiency of amelioration. reducing labor-intensive and energy-intensive by combining the cycles of the operation of depositing calculated doses of ameliorants separately into different soil layers without mixing them together, the cutter is made in two sections, and the plow is located in front of the left section of the cutter, with a divider mounted on the longitudinal plate between the cutters 32 7-J Fig the device axis on the right side of the plow blade, while the center axis of the left cutter is placed at the level of the blade of the plowshare, and the right cutter is set offset to the left up and back by a distance not less than the diameter of the cutter and provided with a mechanism for adjusting its position in the horizontal and vertical planes, while the pipelines are freely placed in cone-shaped glasses installed on the frame, the left of which is connected by means of a stand with the adjusting mechanism of the plow, and the right glass - with the adjusting mechanism om cutters moreover, the lower edge of the left glass is located at the lower edge of the blade, and the lower edge of the right glass is located below the upper edge of the divider, while the dispensers have independent drives interlocked with the support wheel. 2. The device according to claim 1, of which the drive of the dispensers from the support wheel is carried out by means of a chain transmission. 3. The device according to claim 1, 1 and 2, with the fact that the rear upper quarters of the cutters are covered with covers. 3754 01 ujf, / &. / jfbffv.-vfv & jruf jG f-. . , W: R ° e4tt i / v "., h. r -. Vjl / j. .7 ". l + foT. L. v. -s , v fir V; j "s. /: -: -. . - - f-VЈOp ..yj 4 / f IS26SAL 5 3055