SU1751347A1 - Method of securing development workings - Google Patents

Abstract

Usage: in the mining industry and can be used to protect the preparatory workings in the development of flat coal seams of medium power and powerful (taken out at full capacity). Essence: leaving the pillar with a width of not more than one and a half thickness of the reservoir between paired preparatory workings, when penetrating, and under the whole in the soil of the reservoir create an inclined pliable layer. The creation of the pliable layer is performed outside the zone of technological operations of penetration. In the development of seams with a hard-to-collapse roof from the production of a drill hole for hydromotor-pedaling. 1 hp f-ly, 3 silt, y

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used to protect the development workings in the development of flat coal seams of average power and powerful (taken out at full capacity).

A known method of protecting preparatory workings involves leaving coal pillars, the disadvantages of which are large losses of minerals and high loads on the pillar in the zone of action of the reference pressure, which causes the soil to heal.

The closest to the proposed method is the protection of preparatory workings in the development of thin and medium thickness flat coal seams, including leaving the rear of the coal, which is cut from the soil of the reservoir over its entire width.

However, this method does not allow the soil of the reservoir to be unloaded from the stresses acting in the direction of the bedding, which cause swelling of the soil.

The aim of the invention is to increase the efficiency of protection of the workings with the pillars, ensuring minimal losses in them and preventing soil heaving in the mine.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the entire surface of the reservoir does not exceed one and a half thickness of the reservoir between the paired preparatory workings during the penetration, and under the entire formation of the reservoir creates an inclined pliable layer.

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Phmg.1 shows a pattern for carrying out workings 1 and 2, leaving the rear pillar 3 and creating a compliant layer, for example, drilling wells 4, guarding production 2 entirely 3 after mining the lava and extinguishing production 1; Fig. 2 shows the layout of the workings J and 2 and the pillar 3 in section A-A, and also shows the placement of subsurface layer A, wells for micro-spinning of the hard-to-damage roof 5, anchors 6 and 7, and metal flexible grabs 8; on fig.Z - protection scheme of production of 2 entirely 3 in section bb.

The method is carried out as follows.

For development systems, long pillars of flat coal seams lead in an array of paired openings 1 and 2, with output 1 serving as a conveyor drift of lava and extinguished behind the refining slab, and generation 2 is protected entirely 3 and serves as the ventilation drift of the next refining slab.

The occurrence of rock pressure for the proposed method of conducting and protecting workings is characterized by the following regularities.

After conducting paired mine workings in the reservoir outside the zone of influence of refining operations, the redistribution of stresses in the surrounding massif occurs. The seam cut by the workings is unloaded from the stresses acting on the bedding, but on the contour of the workings a concentration of stresses acting normal to the bedding occurs.

Stresses acting on the bedding of rocks remain in the roof of the excavation, in addition to which stresses due to the weight of the rocks above the excavation, l stress from lateral pressure above the contour of the excavations, begin to act. The result is the destruction of the roof production Lining is used to support the roof.

in the soil of development there is a stress state similar to that of the roof, with the only difference that the weight of the rocks prevents them from rising into production. Despite this, the soil is destroyed by stresses acting on the bedding of the rocks and the soil is swelling in the formulation.

In the zone of influence of the cleaning works, the stressed state of the massif around the workings 1 and 2 increases. The most intense loads on the rear sight 3 produce a hang of the roof (especially difficult to control) over the developed space after the mining of the lava.

As a result, there is an increase in the heel of the soil.

For unloading soil production from strains acting on bedding

during the excavations 1 and 2, leaving a pillar 3 between them, a malleable layer 4 is created in the soil under it, for example by drilling parallel wells, leaving tape pillars between them,

0 destructible rock pressure. The creation of the pliable layer is performed outside the zone of technological operations of penetration.

Runs 1 and 2 are fastened with metal compliant frames. The side pillars are supported by metallic flexible grabs 8 fixed on anchors 6 and 7. When developing formations with hard-to-collapse roofs from generation 2 boreholes 5 for hydraulic crowding

0

The oblique pliable layer 4 is placed under the whole 3 and with its help it creates unloading from the stresses acting on the bedding in the soil layer, the thickness

5 which takes at least half the width of the excavation 2, which corresponds to the depth of the spread of stumps in the soil of the excavation (2).

Thus, they ensure the maintenance of the workings 1 and 2, the prevention of heaving in them until the approach of cleaning works (Fig. 2). After the mining of the lava and the repayment of production 1 (Fig. 3) under the action of the reference pressure, the rear sight 3 exhausts the compliance of layer 4 and begins to collapse in its entire volume, since the entire width of the rear section is from one to one and a half of the reservoir thickness (7). As a result, a tightly folded clump strip (out of coal) is formed, the displacement of which in the direction of generation 2 and into the developed space is limited by flexible metal tacks 8 fixed on anchors b and 7.

Load bearing capacity

5 ensures that the roof of the excavation 2 is maintained, however, due to its compliance, the maximum of the support pressure is moved to the coal mass.

Thus, they ensure the maintenance of production 2 and prevent soil swelling in it for the whole service life.

Claims (2)

The use of the proposed method makes it possible to exclude the possibility of making workings in the notch to the already completed ones and to use the production again due to a sharp decrease in soil heave. Claim 1. Investigation of preparatory workings in the development of flat coal seams, including the abandonment of the rear sight and a pliable layer under it, characterized in that, with the aim of increasing the efficiency of protecting workings with pillars, ensuring minimal loss of coal in them and preventing soil stumping into production, the pillar is left with a width not exceeding one and a half of power and supports the sides with flexible metal pickups, fixed on the anchors installed in the roof and soil of the reservoir, and the flexible layer is placed under the entire soil 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to reduce the support pressure on the rear sight, a hydro-torpedoing of a difficult-to-control roof is performed. R Aa FIG. 3