SU1747468A1 - Method of deodorizing of forepressed cotton oil - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the oil and fat industry and relates to the purification of oils. SUBSTANCE: in the method of deodorizing forepress oil, which includes stripping volatile components with sharp water vapor under vacuum, ethyl alcohol is introduced into the oil in an amount of 1-1.5% by weight of the oil before distillation, and distillation is carried out at 160-220 ° ;WITH

Description

The invention relates to the oil and fat industry, in particular to the refining of oils.

Deodorization of oils involves treating them in a layer with live steam, mainly under high vacuum and a temperature of 220-300 ° C, in order to remove volatile components and specific odors (soap, earthy, layered, etc.). Sponge vacuum helps to reduce the boiling point of volatile components. In spite of this, a number of hydrocarbons, even with a residual pressure of 1.5 mm, have a boiling point of about 200 ° C and practically remain in the disoriented fat.

The use of steam accelerates evaporation. The vapor in the directional flow captures the molecules of the volatile matter and carries them to the evaporation surface. Deodorization also depends on the properties, quantity and quality of the injected steam, the design features of the deodorization apparatus.

Known work, where studied the effect of the deodorization process of vegetable oils.

for the content of 3,4-benzpyrene, the research results show that as the temperature of the deodorization process increases, the amount of 3,4-benzpyrene decreases sharply at temperatures of 2 ° C and higher, the removal process gradually stabilizes. It was established that the deodorization process carried out at temperatures of 20- 230 ° C ensures the almost complete removal of 3,4-benzpyrene from the composition of vegetable oils.

The disadvantages of these methods are the high energy costs of heating the oil to a temperature of 210-300 ° C, deep vacuum, the creation of which is difficult under the conditions of the oil and fat industry. Under conditions of an oil-extracting plant, it is difficult to obtain superheated steam from a temperature of 300 ° C. At high temperatures, the amount of free fatty acids in the oil increases, which leads to corrosion of the equipment.

The known method of deodorizing oil at high temperatures (200-240 ° C) and a residual pressure of 1-5 kPa, carried out in

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Together with cotton oil miscella distillation, with a 3% initial gasoline concentration.

The disadvantage of this method is the need to create a high oil temperature and high vacuum, which ultimately leads to high energy costs; the complexity of the practical implementation of the method; high residual content of volatile components in the oil (0.1-0.2) / inefficient use of live steam.

The purpose of the Invention is to reduce energy consumption by creating a practically feasible deodorization mode with a temperature of 160-220 ° C and a total pressure in the apparatus of 1-100 kPa, reducing the residual content of volatile components in the oil to 0.11-0, reducing consumption acute water vapor.

This goal is achieved by the fact that the deodorization of press oil is carried out with the addition of alcohol in the amount of 1-1.5%, to facilitate the removal of volatile components at a temperature of 160-200 ° C and an apparatus pressure of 1-100 kPa,

The essence of the invention is as follows.

Press oil entering the refining plant is refined at 40-45 ° C for 45 minutes. Refining proceeds with slow mixing of the oil.

Refined oil is settled for 3-4 hours at 35-40 ° C. For enlarging and separating stock stock, a S-15% solution of common salt is added. The oil is then washed to remove the soap residue. This process is carried out by adding a 2% citric acid solution to the oil. The rinsing is completed by adding a saline solution.

Getting press oil and processing after refining results in an increase in the amount of moisture in the oil, which is removed by drying. For this purpose, under vacuum in order to remove moisture, the oil is heated to a temperature of 105-115 ° C and maintained for 45-60 minutes.

The oil is then bleached to remove the dyestuffs from the oil, giving the masl a dark color. For this, bentonite or activated carbon in the amount of 1.5-2% is mixed with oil at 90-95 ° C and settled for 30 minutes

The bleached oil is filtered to keep residues of bleaching substances and other mechanical impurities at a temperature of 160-200 ° C and a pressure in the deodorizer of 1-100 kPa.

The addition of alcohol makes it easier to distill off volatile components, reduce the temperature at which volatile components from oil break down to 160-200 ° C, depending on the total pressure in the apparatus and the amount of alcohol in the oil. Here the temperature decreases by 50-60 ° C, which talks about reducing energy consumption for the deodorization process. In addition, the calculations of the process show that the process of distilling off the light-flowing component is 1.5-2.5 times less pzr. The proposed p & - press is easy to implement from the point of view of creating temperature and vacuum.

The application of the proposed method allows to bring the residual amount of volatile components of the oil to 0.11-0.2, which is significantly lower compared to oil deodorized by the existing method.

The application of the proposed method of deodorization allows reducing the consumption of the process by carrying out the process at a total pressure in the apparatus, close to atmospheric pressure, and also ensures the continuity of the process.

Claims (1)

Claims. A method of deodorizing forpress cottonseed oil, which includes stripping the volatile components with acute steam under vacuum, characterized in that, in order to intensify the process and reduce energy consumption, ethyl alcohol is added to the oil in an amount of 1.0-1.5% by weight oil, while the distillation is carried out at 160-220 ° C.