SU1745236A1 - Knee joint unit to the hip prosthesis - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: prosthetics of persons with disabilities with amputations of the hip at different levels. Reducing the energy consumption of the disabled person and increasing the anthropomorphism of the gait by maintaining a functional shortening of the prosthesis. The knee knot contains upper and lower transitional links 1, fixed respectively on the tubes of the thigh and lower leg; axis 7 of the knee joint mounted on the upper transitional link with its rearward displacement relative to the axial line, tubular support element 8 with an emphasis 9, slot 10 and eyelets 11 movably mounted on the axis of the knee joint; shock absorber 17, placed on the stop; a lower transitional link, made in the form of cable 13c with a roller connected to the tube and placed inside the tubular support member 8; a pusher 2, made in the form of an earring with a shaped groove, which has two sectors of different curvature, the roller is placed in the groove of the earring, and the centerline of the tibia is shifted relative to the centerline of the femur by (5-7). 1 il. 20 cl C 2 cl SA) O

Description

The invention relates to medicine, more specifically to prosthetics and prosthetics, and can be used for hip prostheses.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the energy consumption of a disabled person and increase the anthropomorphic gait by maintaining the functional shortening of the prosthesis.

The drawing shows the complete mechanism in the closed position, the cut.

The knee mechanism contains the upper transitional link 1. fixed on the thigh tube, the pusher 2. made in the form of an earring with a figured groove 3 in the form of sectors 4 and 5 of different curvature. Sector 4 works when walking, sector 5 - when sitting. The pusher 2 is mounted on the pin 6 and the axis 7 of the knee hinge, mounted on the upper transition link 1. On the axis 7 of the knee hinge there is a tubular support element 8 with a stop 9 displaced anteriorly relative to the axis with a slot 10 to move the pushrod 2, and with eyelets 11 A pusher 13 is attached to the pusher 2 by means of a rotating roller T2 installed in the groove 3. The hectare 13 is mounted on the lower transition link 14 to secure the leg portion of the prosthesis in it. A return spring 15 is installed between the lower transitional link 14 and the supporting element 8, which also serves as a crawler. A slip gasket 16 is installed between the abutment element 8 and the grip 13. On the stop 9 of the support element 8 is installed shock absorber 17 of elastic material. In order to maintain the tolerance of the axial line 18 of the femur, it is inclined relative to the axle line 19 of the lower leg, the magnitude of which, depending on the level of amputation of the femur, is governed by the thickness of the elastic shock absorber 17. The axis 7 of the knee hinge is displaced posteriorly relative to the axis 19 of the lower leg,

The knee node works as follows.

When the prosthesis is supported, the vertical component of the body weight of the disabled person is transmitted through the femoral part of the prosthesis and the upper transitional link 1 to the body of the pusher 2, the shock absorber 17, the roller 12, the harness 13, the lower transitional link 14 and further to the calf prosthesis. At the same time, due to the existing angle of displacement between the axles 18 and 19 and the anvil 9 and shock absorber 17 brought forward, the prosthesis is sufficiently resistant, which reduces the requirements for an increase in the contact area of the joined parts as compared to the known node, allows the groove of the pushrod ear 2 to smoothly configuration and at the time of transition from the state of support to the state of flexion to reduce the energy consumption of the disabled.

In the process of walking while transferring the load on the toe of the foot, bending occurs in the knee joint. The tubular support element 8, together with the tibial part of the prosthesis, rotates smoothly around the axis 7 of the knee joint. Since the axis 7 is displaced relative to the axis 19 of the lower leg, and the pusher 2 is fixed on the upper transition link 1 fixedly and connected by means of the roller 12c to the thirteen, the pull 13 is pulled up and the roller 12 rolls along the small sector 4 of the groove 3, m. e. shortening of the shin length occurs. When this happens, the spring 15 is compressed, providing enough energy to push the lower leg forward when moving the prosthesis forward. The shortening of the lower part of the prosthesis makes it possible to transfer the prosthesis above the supporting surface without touching the toe of the foot. The spring 15, expanding, acts as an ankle spreader and constantly maintains the roller 12 in the pressed position against the wall of the groove 3, eliminating the metallic clatter and increasing the smoothness of the angular displacements in the knee assembly. The angular displacement of the prosthesis in the transfer phase is controlled by the decompression forces.

springs without additional energy consumption of the disabled.

When the mechanism moves to the seat position, the prosthesis in the knee joint is flexed by moving the roller 12 first in the small sector of the groove 4, and after reaching the bending angle of 65 ° due to the action of the decompression force of the spring 15, the roller 12 moves along the large groove 5, while functional shin length The maximum bending angle in the knee joint is 115 °, which is sufficient for the position of the disabled seat. When the invalid gets up and the prosthesis is folded in the knee joint, roller 12 rolls through the groove 3 of the shank ear 2, first shortens the length of the lower leg, compressing the spring 15 due to impact the weight of the disabled person, and after passing the angle of the 65th spring 15. straightening, restores the functional length of the tibia, driving the knee mechanism to its original state for operation.

All movements in the knee assembly occur smoothly with reduced load under the influence of functional load changes, therefore, the contacting parts undergo less wear during the angular displacement, which increases the reliability and durability of the assembly.

Claims (1)

Thus, the proposed unit allows the prosthesis to have a normal functional length equal to the remaining limb, to ensure functional shortening of the prosthesis during transfer, sufficient adjustable resistivity when supporting the prosthesis, to increase the smoothness of movement of the contacting parts of the knee unit, which increases the anthropomorphism of the gait, and reduce the energy consumption of the disabled because the knee mechanism is controlled by a natural change in the load of a person’s body weight on a limb when walking and sitting ii. All this allows increasing the level of prosthetics, and, consequently, the level of social and labor rehabilitation of disabled people. Claims of the knee assembly to the hip prosthesis, containing upper and lower transitional links, fixed respectively on the thigh and lower leg tubes, axis of the knee hinge mounted on the upper transitional link with its posterior displacement relative to the axial line, pusher fixed on the upper transitional link and contact a roller made with it, so that, in order to reduce the energy consumption of the disabled person and increase the anthropomorphism of the gait by maintaining the functional shortening of the prosthesis, a tubular support is inserted into it pny element with a stop biased anteriorly about the axis, and eyelets movably mounted on the axis of the knee joint, a shock absorber placed on the stop, a return spring fixed between the support element and the lower transitional link, made in the form of a tie, placed inside a tubular support element, and the pusher is made in the form of an earring with a shaped groove, which has two sectors different curvature, while the roller is placed in the groove and secured to the neck, and the centerline of the tibia is shifted relative to the centerline of the thigh.