SU1735877A1 - Device for selecting characters during recognition of images - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automation and computing and can be used to select features for pattern recognition. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the device, achieved by introducing an inverter, a dividing unit, a third comparison unit, a tenth register, and a second And element, which allows automatic selection of the threshold of the device. 3 il.

Description

The invention relates to automation and computer technology, in particular, to devices for selecting signs when recognizing patterns, and can be used in diagnosing the technical state of products in production control,

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy of the device "

Fig "1 presents a diagram of the proposed device; Fig. 2 shows graphs of change of the codes of numbers and the plot of voltages at the outputs of individual units of the device; Fig 3 is a diagram of the calculator

The device (cbig 1) contains the first Shaper 1 pulses, the second 2 and the third 3 radiation sources, the control object, temperature sensor 5, amplifier 6, filter 7 analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 8, ten registers 9-18, calculator 19, the second Shaper 20 pulses, the first trigger 21, the first 2 and the second 23 pulse generators, the counter 2k, the first 25 and the second 26 subtractors, the first 27, the second 2P. and the third 29 comparison units, the second 30 trigger, the first 31 and the second 32 And elements, the dividing unit 33 and the inverter 3.

The calculator 19 contains (figl) trigger 35, pulse generator 36, counter 37, read-only memory (ROM) 38, first - fifth reception registers, first - third registers of memory constants, subtract7 7 block division number, block 9 multiplication , block 50 logarithm, adder 51 and indicator 52, the elements of the device have inputs-outputs 53-72,

The device works as follows.

A pulse from the first output of the first driver 1 triggers the first radiation source 2, which forms a CHI-illuminator of the second source 3.

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00

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3

one

radiation. The light beam from the output of the latter affects the object C control. The optical energy of the beam of the second radiation source 3 is converted into thermal energy and converted by means of a temperature sensor 5 installed at the test object into an electrical signal (Fig.), Which is fed through the series-connected amplifier 6 and filter 7 to the input of the ADC 8

Fig. A shows the dependencies of the numerical codes at the output of the ADC. Amplifier 6 serves to amplify the electrical signal to the level necessary for normal operation of the A / D converter 8, and filter 7 to filter out high-frequency noise. In the initial state, the ADC 8 and the first trigger 21 are in the zero state. A pulse from the second output of the first driver 1 sets the 0k counter to .m and the first trigger 21 to one state. The enable signal from the last triggers the first 22 and second 23 pulse generators. The pulses of the first one are counted by a counter 2k to determine the necessary time points therefore, the frequency of the pulses of this generator must be sufficiently high and stable, for example, it can be performed with quartz frequency stabilization. The second pulse generator 23 is synchronizing for the operation of individual units of the device and has two outputs. The pulses at the second output appear with some delay relative to the first output. On the leading edge of the pulse from the first output of the second pulse generator 23, the code .c output of the ADC 8, triggered by the falling edge of the same pulse of the previous clock, is rewritten into the fifth register 13, and on the falling edge of the second pulse output of the pulse generator 23, the number is copied to the seventh register 15. First block

15

20

When the electric signal reaches a value equal to the threshold value, the first comparison unit 27 supplies the enabling level to the second input of the first 31 I elements. Through the last, pulses from the second output of the generator of 23 pulses start to pass, which arrive at the input of the eighth register 16, the last on the leading edges These pulses receive code values from the output of the first subtraction unit 25. On the leading edges of the pulses from the first output of the second generator 23, this number is rewritten into the sixth register 1. The second block Approximately 26 subtracts permanently determine the difference between the eighth 16th and sixth AND registers. This difference is almost equal to the digital value of the second derivative of the electrical signal (Fig. 26).

The maximum amplitudes of the dependences of the second derivative on time for different measurements may be different. The noise amplitudes of the second derivative are usually correlated with its maximum amplitude, therefore automatic selection of the device response threshold is necessary. To achieve this, it is necessary to determine the amplitude of the maximum signal (45)

The tenth register 18 when the device is started is zeroed by applying a signal to the reset input from the output of the first shaper 1.

25

35

40

The 25 subtraction determines the difference between the 50 at the output of the second block 26 and the numbers in the fifth 13 and seventh 15 registers. In the ninth (the register is preliminarily entered a number equal to the voltage threshold, below which the quasilinear section cannot be found. With electrical signals not exceeding the threshold value, the operation of the remaining units of the device does not occur.

reading other than zero, the third unit of comparison 29 begins to work. At its output there is a single level, if the code at the first input exceeds the signal; e, it outputs the code of the signal at its second input. This unit level is fed to the second input of the second element AND 32, which transmits a pulse from the first input to the output and further to

ten

15

20

735P-774

This is achieved as follows.

The code from the fifth register is constantly fed to the first input of the first comparison unit 27, to the second input of which the code from the ninth register 17 is fed. For small values of the electrical signal at the input of the ADC 8, the code at its output does not exceed the value of the number at the output of the ninth register 17. At the same time, the low level of the signal from the output of the first comparison unit closes the first 31 and second 32 elements I.

When the electric signal reaches a value equal to the threshold value, the first comparison unit 27 supplies the enabling level to the second input of the first 31 I elements. Through the last, pulses from the second output of the generator of 23 pulses start to pass, which arrive at the input of the eighth register 16, the last on the leading edges These pulses receive code values from the output of the first subtraction unit 25. On the leading edges of the pulses from the first output of the second generator 23, this number is rewritten into the sixth register 1. The second block Approximately 26 subtracts permanently determine the difference between the eighth 16th and sixth AND registers. This difference is almost equal to the digital value of the second derivative of the electrical signal (Fig. 26).

The maximum amplitudes of the dependences of the second derivative on time for different measurements may be different. The noise amplitudes of the second derivative are usually correlated with its maximum amplitude, therefore automatic selection of the device response threshold is necessary. To achieve this, it is necessary to determine the amplitude of the maximum signal (45)

The tenth register 18 when the device is started is zeroed by applying a signal to the reset input from the output of the first shaper 1.

25

35

40

 at the output of the second block 26 you

reading other than zero, the third unit of comparison 29 begins to work. There is a single level at its output if the code at the first input exceeds the signal code at the second input. This unit level is fed to the second input of the second element AND 32, which transmits a pulse from the first input to the output and further to

51

the synchronization input of the tenth register 18. If the current code value at the output of the second subunit block 26 is less than the code already recorded in the tenth register 18, there will not be a single signal at the output of the third block 29, Accordingly, the value of the numbers does not change in dec Volume 18. As a result, the latter determines the maximum value of the CHI-code of the second derivative (Fig. 2c).

The code from the output of the tenth register 18 enters the division block 33. The latter divides the input digital signal a predetermined number of times. Fig. 2d shows the dependence of the codes at the output of the inverter 3, connected after dividing unit 33 with a division factor of two.

Inverter 3 translates a digital number arriving at its input into exactly the same in modulus, but only negative if its control input has a unit level (Fig. 2e). As long as there is a zero signal on this input, the output code is equal to the input one.

The second comparison unit 28 compares the vectors from the output of the second subtraction unit 26 to the codes from the inverter output. When the first code becomes less than the second, i.e., the analyzed signal (Fig. 2a) goes to the quasilinear section, the output of the second comparison unit 28 again appears is a zero signal (fig, 2d) „

The formed positive front at the output of the second trigger 30 (Fig. 02e) writes into the first 9 and third 11 registers the values of the codes U, and fr, respectively. The quasilinear portion of the signal under investigation follows, (Fig. 2a). At the time of exit from the quasilinear segment. signal to the established second-derivative mode of this signal takes negative values (Fig. 26). When the code of this signal (Fig. 26) becomes -c is less than the code from the output of inverter unit 3 (Fig. 2d), the output of the second subtraction unit 28 is is a single signal (fGo2d). This causes the second trigger 30 to switch (FIG. 2e). The negative edge of this signal records the second 10 and fourth 12 registers of the% and C values. On the same front, the first trigger 21 resets to the initial state, which prohibits the distance 5877

the work of the generators of 22 and 23 pulses. This is done to eliminate the entry in the second 10 and fourth 12 registers of erroneous numbers of villages. In addition, the second driver 20 generates a clock pulse for calculator 19 on the falling front of the incoming signal, which polls the registers and calculates a recognizable feature according to the formula

ten

but

to (Ј2 - Јi)

l "J + | inЈo

 and,

where a is the coefficient of thermal diffusivity; X distance between point

exposure to laser and thermocouple location 5;

. the times of entry and exit of the electric signal to the quasilinear region, respectively; and. the values of the electrical signal at time points Ј, and Ј2 t

Upon the transition of the clock pulse. The start to the control input of the transmitter 19 flip-flop 35 (Fig. 3) is set to one state on the falling edge. The same pulse sets the counter 37 to the zero state. A single level from the output of the trigger 35 permits the operation of the pulse generator 36 The first pulse appears at its first output, setting the code at the output of the counter 37 to 0001, the pulse from the second output of the generator 36 enters the gate input of the ROM 38 after the end of the pulse from the first output This pulse passes to the first 53, fourth 56 and eighteenth 70 outputs of the ROM 38 in accordance with the information available in the ROM 38. The volume of the ROM 38 is equal to 1 word

in twenty bits,

By pulses from the specified outputs

registers 39 and code information and reset the adder 51 in the zero state. The division block 8, made in the form of a ROM, finds a value, the code of which is proportional to UЈ / U, f, and block 50 logging In, "In the next cycle, the pulse appears seventeen,

7

69 output ROM 38 This impulse arrives at the reception input from the second information input of the reception register 43. In the latter, the code is memorized. At the origin of all fourteen cycles of operation of the calculator 19, the code of the desired number is calculated using the above formula. Simultaneously with this, the trigger 35 is reset by the falling edge of the pulse from the twentieth 17. output of the ROM 38. The calculator has completed its work and is ready to receive the next control pulse. Start-up

Claims (1)

Invention Formula one A device for selecting features in pattern recognition, comprising a first pulse shaper, the first output of which is connected to a first radiation source which is optically coupled to a second radiation source that is optically coupled to a test object on which a temperature sensor is located, the output of which is connected to the input of the amplifier, the output of which is connected to the input of the filter, the output of which is connected to the information input of the analog-digital converter, the output of which is connected to the information inputs of the of the first and fourth registers, the output of the first trigger is connected to the control input of the first pulse generator, to the counter input of the counter and to the control input of the second pulse generator, the first output of which is connected to the clock inputs of the analog-digital converter and the fifth and sixth registers, information input The 5th register is connected to the output of the analog-digital converter, and the output is connected to the first input of the first comparison unit, to the first input of the first subtraction unit and to the information input of the seventh regis tra, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first subtraction unit, the output of which is connected to the information input of the eighth register, ten 15 35877 8 Secondly connected to the first input of the second subtraction unit and to the information input of the sixth register, the output of which is connected to the second input of the second subtraction unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the second comparison unit, the second output of the second pulse generator is connected to the synchronization input of the seventh register and the first input of the first element And, the output of which is connected to the synchronization input of the eighth register, and the second input is connected to the output of the first comparison unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the ninth register the register, the control input of the transmitter is connected to the output of the second driver, and its first second, third and fourth information inputs are connected to the outputs of the first, second, third and fourth registers, the synchronization inputs of which, as well as the internal sensor of the second trigger, are connected to the output of the second trigger, characterized in that, in order to improve the accuracy of the device, an inverter, a dividing unit, a third comparison unit, the tenth register and the second And element, whose first input is connected, are entered into it 25 thirty dinene with the release of the first element And the second input is connected to the output of the third comparison unit, and the output is connected to the synchronization input of the tenth register, whose information input is connected to the output of the second subtraction unit, the installation input in L11 is connected to the second output of the first driver, and the outputs are connected to the first input of the third comparison unit and the input of the division unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the inverter, the control input of which is connected to the output of the second flip-flop, the clock input of which is connected to the output of the second comparison unit, the second input ter In its comparison unit it is connected to the outputs of the second subtraction unit, the output of the inverting unit is connected to the second input of the second comparison unit. N. shopping center zЈ8SЈa   ; REF. G7 12 - 47 7171 70S36867666564636267 60 5В58575655ft 53