SU1735437A1 - Diaphragm-free electrolyzer for production of magnesium and chlorine - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the electrolytic production of magnesium and chlorine. The electrolyzer contains an assembly cell for magnesium 1, a working compartment 2, which is separated from the assembly cell by an arched wall 3 with V-circumferential overflow channels 4. In compartment 2 there are anodes 5 and cathodes 6 the interelectrode distance between them is 0.75-0 , 85, the height of the cathode from its upper edge is made increasing in the direction from the collecting cell and decreasing in the indicated direction on the remaining height of the cathode. 2 or 1 table.

Description

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This invention relates to the field of non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to the electrolytic production of magnesium and chlorine.

The aim of the invention is to reduce labor costs in the recovery of sludge and to increase the current yield of magnesium.

Figure 1 shows the electrolyzer, the plan; figure 2 is the same longitudinal section.

The electrolyzer consists of a cell 1 for collecting magnesium and a working compartment 2, divided by an arched wall 3 equipped with V-shaped flow channels 4. In the working compartment 2 there are graphitized anodes 5 and steel cathodes. The alternating interelectrode distance can be created using electrodes of variable cross section. In the described embodiment, a cathode of variable cross section is considered, the manufacture of which is more technologically advanced. Part of the cathode 6 with a height of 0.75-0.85 of its height from the upper edge of the cathode is made with a cross section decreasing in the horizontal direction from the assembly cell, and the remaining part of the cathode with a cross section increasing in the indicated direction

The implementation of the interelectrode distance increasing in the direction from the collecting cell to the opposite wall of the electrolyzer to the height from the upper edge of the cathode more than 0.85 of the cathode height does not ensure complete removal of the sludge into the collecting cell. At the specified value of less than 0.75, the main circulation flow, which provides the transport of magnesium, can be attenuated.

At the end walls of the cell provided channels 7 formed by the end walls and anodes 5.

The electrolyzer operates as follows.

The chlorine released on the anodes 5, after separation from the electrolyte, is evacuated via the chlorine communications system (not shown). Magnesium released at the cathodes 6 by the circulating electrolyte flow is carried to the longitudinal wall of the electrolysis cell opposite to the assembly cell 1, from where it passes through the channels 7 to the last cell, is removed from there and fed to the consumer. The sludge accumulated on the bottom of the electrolyzer is transferred into the assembly cell 1 by the circulation flow of the electrolyte, from where it is extracted using known devices and removed from the process.

The decreasing interelectrode distance in the lower part of the cathode enhances the circulation flow directed from the bottom of the electrolyzer towards the collecting cell. This leads to the removal of the sludge from the working compartment and the elimination of the sludge agitating (see table).

The use of the proposed design of the electrolyzer allows to increase the current yield of magnesium by 0.5-0.7% and reduce the labor costs by removing the sludge by 2 times.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A diaphragm-free electrolyzer for producing magnesium and chlorine containing anodes, cathodes, an assembly cell and made with a horizontally variable interelectrode distance, characterized in that, in order to reduce labor costs when removing sludge and increasing the yield of magnesium over current, the interelectrode distance of , 75-0.85 of the cathode height from its upper edge is made increasing in the direction from the collecting cell and decreasing in the indicated direction on the remaining height of the cathode. U U FIG. 2 U U