SU1730596A1 - Oscillograph - Google Patents

Abstract

The oscilloscope is related to measurement technology and can be used to measure amplitude and time parameters of signals. When the oscilloscope operates, an oscillogram of the signal under investigation and a brightness mark on the waveform line are reproduced on its screen. The magnitude of the signal at the point indicated on the oscillogram by a lacquer mark is determined using a voltmeter; when measuring the magnitude of a pulse, the difference in the readings of the voltmeter is determined when the luminous mark is placed at the base and at the apex of the pulse. However, in connection with the drift of the deviation block in the time interval between the moments of the readout of the voltmeter readings, the measurement result will contain an error. The error due to drift of the deviation unit is reduced by the introduction of switches, a counter, delay lines and stroboscopic transducers into the oscilloscope. The measurement error decreases as the time interval between the moments of the measured signal decreases, which are indicated by the brightness marks on the oscillogram. 1 il. (L

Description

This invention relates to a radio measuring technique and can be used in oscillography.

The known scheme is to reduce the drift of the amplifier 1. However, the possibilities of reducing the drift are limited by crosstalk, the transition resistance of the switch K1 connecting the input bus to the input of the amplifier.

The closest solution to the invention is an oscilloscope 2, comprising first and second switches, a cathode ray tube, a scanner, a synchronization unit, first and second stroboscopic transducers, a delay line, a voltmeter, and a deviation unit, whose input is connected to the measured signal bus, and the output is connected to the first input of the first switch and the second input of the first stroboscopic converter.

the output of which is connected to the input of the voltmeter and the third input of the first switch, the output of the first switch is connected to the second input of the cathode ray tube, the second inputs of the first and second switches are connected to the second output of the scanner, the sync bus is connected to the input of the synchronization block, the output of which is connected to the input of the scanner and the delay line, the output of the delay line is connected to the first inputs of the first and second stroboscopic transducers, the first output of the scanner is connected to the first the input of the second switch and the second input of the second stroboscopic converter; the output of the second stroboscopic converter is connected to the third input of the second switch, the output of which is connected to the first input of the cathode ray tube.

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When the oscilloscope operates, an oscillogram of the signal under investigation and a brightness mark on the waveform line are reproduced on its screen. The magnitude of the signal at the point indicated on the oscillogram by the velocity mark is determined with a voltmeter. When measuring the magnitude of the pulse, the difference in the readings of the voltmeter is determined when the luminous mark is placed at the base and at the top of the pulse. However, due to the drift of the deviation block in the time interval between the readout times of the voltmeter at the location of the luminous mark at the base and at the top of the pulse waveform, the measurement result will contain an error due to the drift of the deviation block.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the measurement accuracy.

The goal is achieved in that an oscilloscope containing a deflection unit, the first and second switches, a cathode ray tube, a scanner, a voltmeter, a delay line, the first and second stroboscopic transducers, and a synchronization unit, whose input is connected to the synchronization bus, and the output of the unit synchronization is connected to the inputs of the delay line and the scanning unit, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the second switch and the second input of the second stroboscopic converter, and the second output of the scanning unit connected to the second inputs of the first and second switches; the outputs of the first and second switches are connected respectively to the second and first inputs of the cathode-ray tube, the input of the deviation unit is connected to the bus of the measured signal, and the output of the deviation unit is connected to the first input of the first switchboard and the second input of the first stroboscopic signal converter, the output of the delay line is connected to the first inputs of the first and second stroboscopic converters, the third and fourth switches are introduced, counter, second, t third and fourth delay lines, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth stroboscopic transducers, first and second switches, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second voltmeter inputs, the outputs of the first, third, fourth and fifth stroboscopic transducers are connected respectively to the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the first and second switches and the third switch, with the output of the synchronization unit connected to the counter inputs and the second, third and fourth l Nij delay, the output deflection unit is coupled to second inputs of the third, fourth and fifth stroboscopic converters, output of the second delay line is coupled to first inputs of third and sixth stroboscopic converters, the third delay line output is connected to first inputs of the fourth and seventh stroboscopic

0 transducers, the output of the fourth delay line is connected to the first inputs of the fifth and eighth stroboscopic transducers, the outputs of the second, sixth, seventh and eighth stroboscopic

5 transducers are connected respectively to the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the fourth switch, the second inputs of the sixth, seventh and eighth stroboscopic transducers are connected to the first output of the deviation unit, and the outputs of the third and fourth switches are connected to the third inputs of the first and second switches, respectively fifth, sixth, seventh and

5, the eighth inputs of the third and fourth switches are connected respectively to the first, second, third and fourth outputs of the counter.

The drawing shows a block diagram of an os0 cylinder.

The oscilloscope contains the bus 1 measured signal, bus 2 synchronization, unit 3 deviation, the first switch 4, voltmeter 5, the second switch 7, electron beam tube b, the scanner 8, the synchronization unit 9, switches 10, 11, counter 12, stroboscopic converters 13-20, first 21, second 22, third 23 and fourth 24 delay lines, first and second switches 25, 26.

The oscilloscope works as follows. The measured pulse comes from the bus 1 of the measured signal to the input of the deviation unit 3, from the output of which the amplified

5 and the delayed signal is fed to the second input of the first switch 4 and to the second inputs of the first 13, third 14, fourth 15 and fifth 16 stroboscopic transducers. The converted signal from the outputs of the first 13, third 14, fourth 15 and fifth of the 16 stroboscopic transducers is fed to the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the third switch 10 and the first 25 and second 26 respectively.

5 switches. The signal from the outputs of the first 25 and second 26 switches goes to the first and second inputs of the voltmeter 5, respectively. The signal from the output of the third 10 switch goes to the third input of the first switch 4, from the output of which the signal goes to the second input of the EF 6 tube.

From the synchronization bus 2, a synchronizing pulse or a measured signal is fed to the input of the synchronization unit 9, from the output of which the generated sync pulse arrives at the inputs of the scanner unit 8, the counter 12, the first 21, the second 22, the third 23 and the fourth 24 delay lines. When a synchronization pulse arrives at the input of the scanner unit 8, a ramp pulse is formed at its first output, and a rectangular pulse is formed at the second output, with the beginning of the sawtooth and rectangular pulses coinciding, as well as the ending times of the sawtooth and rectangular pulses. Saw pulses from the first output of the sweep unit 8 are fed to the first input of the second switch 7, as well as to the second inputs of the second 17, sixth 18, seventh 19 and eighth 20 stroboscopic transducers. A rectangular pulse from the second output of the block 8 sweep is fed to the second inputs of the first 4 and second 7 switches. If there are pulses on the second inputs of the first 4 and second 7 switches, their outputs are connected to the first inputs, and if there are no pulses on the second inputs of the first 4 and second 7 switches, their outputs are connected to the third inputs. The delayed pulse from the output of the first delay line 21 goes to the first the inputs of the first 13 and second 17 stroboscopic transducers. The delayed pulse from the output of the second delay line 22 is supplied to the first inputs of the third 14 and sixth 18 stroboscopic transducers. The delayed pulse from the output of the third 23 delay line arrives at the first inputs of the fourth 15 and seventh 19 stroboscopic transducers. The delayed pulse from the output of the fourth 24 delay line arrives at the first inputs of the fifth 16 and eighth 20 stroboscopic transducers. The signal from the outputs of the second 17, sixth 18, seventh 19 and eighth 20 stroboscopic transducers is fed to the first, second, third and fourth inputs of the fourth 11 switch, respectively, from the output of which the signal goes to the third input of the second switch 7. The signal from the fcVoporo 7 output of the switch on the first cathode ray 6 tube. After each impulse arriving at the first control of the first 13 second 17, third 14. fourth, 15, fifth 16, sixth 18, seventh E and eighth 20 stroboscopic transducers on their

the outputs hold the voltage that was at the second input at the time of the arrival of the pulse at the first input. In counter 12 at the initial moment of time, a logical 1 signal is generated at one of the outputs, and at the remaining outputs a logical O signal is generated. After each pulse received at the input of counter 12, at its first, second,

0, the third and fourth outputs produce a logical signal that was on the fourth, first, second, and third outputs before the arrival of a pulse at the input. The signals from the first, second, third, and fourth outputs of counter 12 are fed to the fifth, sixth, seventh, and eighth inputs of the third 10 and fourth 11 switches, respectively. The third 10 and fourth 11 switches work as follows - with

0 feed level logical 1 on:

a) the fifth input is provided to connect only the fourth input to the output;

b) the sixth input only connects the third input to the output;

5 c) the seventh input ensures that only the second input is connected to the output;

d) the seventh input is provided to connect only the second input to the output;

e) The eighth input ensures that only the first input is connected to the output.

Intermittently coming from the output of the synchronization unit 9 synchronization pulses provide alternate generation of the logic level 1 on the first, second,

5 the third and fourth outputs of the counter 12, and this ensures that the signals from the outputs of the following pairs of blocks are received alternately at the third inputs of the first 4 and second 7 switches: respectively, the second 16

0 and the eighth 20 stroboscopic transducers, respectively, the fourth 15 and seventh 19 stroboscopic transducers, respectively, the third 14 and sixth 18 stroboscopic transducers,

5, respectively, the first 13 and second 17 stroboscopic transducers. The measured and amplified, delayed in block 3, signal through the first 4 switch arrives at the second input of the cathode-ray tube 6 at the first input of which, from the first output of the scanner 8, the second switch 7 receives a saw-tooth pulse that ensures the formation of the measured oscillogram on the screen signal.

5 At one of the time points of the oscillogram formation from the output of the first line of the support 21 to the first inputs of the first 13 v second 17 stroboscopic transducers, a pulse arrives that ensures the retention of voltages at their output.

There were, respectively, the second and first inputs of the cathode ray tube 6 at the time of the presence of a pulse at the output of the first 21 delay lines. After the formation of the oscillogram is completed, the outputs 5 of the first 4 and second 7 switches are connected to their third inputs, to which periodically, after every fourth synchronization pulse, the outputs correspond to the first 10 13 and second 17 stroboscopic converters, the signals from which are received respectively on the second and first inputs cathode ray tube 6 and form on the screen the first brightness label, located at the 15th position in the oscillogram of the measured signal, which was formed at the moment of its appearance pulse to the first delay line output 21. Moving p- bone tags on the waveform 20 is carried out changing the delay of the first delay line 21. Similarly:

a) the third 14 and sixth 18 stroboscopic transducers with the second 22- delay line form on the screen the second brightness mark;

b) the fourth 15 and seventh 19 stroboscopic transducers with the third 23 line of delay form the third voice tag on the screen 30;

c) the fifth 16 and eighth 20 stroboscopic transducers with the fourth 24 delay lines form the fourth brightness mark on the screen.35 The second, third and fourth brightness marks, like the first, are on the oscillogram, and their movement along the oscillogram is provided by varying the delay, respectively, of the second 22, 40 third 23 and fourth 24 delay lines, the magnitude of the voltage change at the input of the deviation unit 3 between the time points corresponding to the formation times of those parts of the waveform in which 45 are And the second brightness labels on the screen are equal to the voltage difference at the outputs of the first 13 and third 14 stroboscopic transducers divided by the gain factor K 3 of the 50 deviation block. The voltage difference at the outputs of the first 13 and third 14 stroboscopic transducers is measured by a voltmeter 5, for which the output of the first 25 switch is connected to its first input, and the output of the second switch 26 is connected to its second input. The time interval between the first and second marks on the screen is defined as the difference in delays of the first 21 and second 22

delay lines. Similarly, the measurement of the voltage difference and the time interval between waveform elements, where any two of the four brightness labels are located. To measure the duration of a 0.5 tseptual pulse, the first luminous mark is placed at the base of the waveform of the pulse, the second luminous mark is placed on the top of the waveform of the pulse, after which the voltage difference U at the outputs of the first 13 and third 14 stroboscopic signals is determined with a voltmeter 5 converters. Then, connecting a voltmeter 5 to the outputs of the first 13 and fourth 15 stroboscopic transducers, place the third brightness mark at that front-line point of the trapezoidal pulse, where the readings of the voltmeter 5 become equal to U / 2. After that, the voltmeter 5 is connected to the outputs of the first 13 and fifth 16 The stroboscopic transducers and the fourth label are located at the decay point of the keystone waveform where the voltmeter reading 5 becomes U / 2. The duration at the level of 0.5 trapezoidal impulse is equal to the difference in delays of the fourth 24 and third 23 delay lines.

Increased accuracy due to the following factors. Measurement of the amplitude and time parameters of the measured signal of the prototype involves alternately setting the velocity mark in two or four areas of the oscillogram and each time reading the voltmeter 5 and the delay of the first 21 delay lines. During the measurement time as a result of drift, the deviation unit 3 at the output of the signal changes the constant component of the signal. The drift of the oscillogram due to the drift of the deviation unit 3 of different oscilloscopes is 5-10% of the screen size in 1 minute, which is equal to the measurement time Parameters of the waveform prototype. A voltmeter 5 measures not the potential at the output of the first 13 stroboscopic converter with respect to the housing, as was the case with the prototype, but the potential difference at the output of two of the following stroboscopic converters: the first 13, third 14, fourth 15 and fifth 16 stroboscopic converters This provides a sharp decrease in the effect of drift on the result measured by a voltmeter 5. The drift value of the block 3 deviation increases with increasing

the time interval during which the drift is determined.

Claims (1)

The invention The oscilloscope contains a deflection unit, the first and second switches, the electron-beam tube, the scanner, the voltmeter, the delay line, the first and second stroboscopic transducers and the synchronization unit, whose input is connected to the synchronization bus, and the output of the synchronization unit is connected to the inputs of the delay line and the scanner, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the second switch and the second input of the second stroboscopic converter, and the second output of the scanner is connected to the second inputs of the first and second switches, with the outputs of the first and second switches connected respectively to the second and first inputs of the electron-beam tube, the input of the deviation unit is connected to the bus of the measured signal, and the output of the deviation unit is connected to the first input of the first commutator and the second input of the first strobe transducer, the output of the delay line is connected to the first inputs of the first and second stroboscopic transducers, characterized in that, in order to improve the measurement accuracy, two comm utatora, counter, three delay lines, six stroboscopic transducers, two switches, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the voltmeter, outputs first, third, fourth, and fifth strobe transducers are connected respectively to the first, second, third, and fourth inputs of the first and second switches and the third switch, the output of the synchronization unit being connected to the counter inputs and the second, third and fourth delay lines, the output of the deviation unit connected to the second inputs of the third, fourth, and fifth stroboscopic transducers; the output of the second delay line is connected to the first inputs of the third and sixth stroboscopic converters The output of the third delay line is connected to the first inputs of the fourth and seventh stroboscopic transducers, the output of the fourth delay line is connected to the first inputs of the fifth and eighth stroboscopic transducers, the outputs of the second, sixth, seventh and eighth stroboscopic transducers are connected respectively to the first, second, third and the fourth inputs of the fourth switch, the second inputs of the sixth, seventh and eighth stroboscopic transducers are connected to the first output by a deviation unit audio, and outputs third and fourth switches are connected to third inputs sootvetstvneno first and second switches, and the fifth, sixth, seventh and eighth inputs of the third and fourth switches connected respectively with first, second, third and fourth outputs of the counter.