SU1728822A1 - Telemetering system for capture of seismic information - Google Patents

Abstract

Use: telemetry of discrete information, in particular during seismic exploration. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: A telemetry system comprises a central station and field modules connected in series by a two-wire communication line including sources of positive and negative voltage and providing common mode interference, in field modules equipped with crystal oscillators, clock pulses are phased out with tunable information phases for each information word, ensuring the reliability of information transfer. 1 hp ff, 2 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the construction of high-speed systems for collecting and transmitting discrete information, in particular, used in seismic surveys of the oil and gas layers.

A switching device proposed for controlling and registering a central data post from data collection posts, comprising a transmission line connecting a central post with each data collection post, a device for inputting a series of command pulses, a transmission line, a receiver located on each collection point, the device for entering data collection points in the transmission line.

The disadvantages of this device lies in the low functional reliability and

efficiency, due to the adopted method of transmitting seismic signals.

A device for transmitting seismic information is known, comprising linear blocks, a transceiver unit, decoders, a generator, an output encoder, a control unit, a memory register, a phase setting unit, a modulating unit, a control memory, a controllable delay line, and a data loss detector, which provides control of switching the direction of data transmission over a communication link with a central station.

The disadvantage of the device is low noise immunity, due to the fact that when it is disturbed, the data loss detector may not work and then the subsequent trigger signal will be suppressed, since ka (L

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The transmission board does not switch and corrupted data is transmitted to the central station.

The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a device for transmitting seismic information, comprising a central station and field modules connected by a two-wire communication line, each of the field modules containing linear units, a decoder, a control unit, a memory register, an analog-to-digital converter , regeneration unit, phase setting unit, matching unit, clock selection unit, controllable delay line, AND and OR elements, while the input of the first linear unit is the first input The device's input, the output is connected to the first inputs of the control unit, the first decoder, the clock selection unit and the regeneration unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the second linear unit, the output of which is the first information output of the device, the output of the unit of clock pulses is connected to the second inputs of the regeneration unit, the first decoder, the control unit, with the first inputs of the AND element, the memory register, the controlled delay line of the second decoder, the phase setting unit, the second input It is combined with the first input of the matching unit and connected to the output of the third linear unit, whose input is the second information input of the device, the output of the phase setting unit is connected to the second input of the matching unit, the output of which is connected to the second combined inputs of the controlled delay line and the second decoder, the output of which is connected to the third input of the controlled delay line, the fourth input of which is combined with the second input of the memory register, with the third input of the control unit and connected to the output of the first the output of the controlled delay line is connected to the second input of the OR element, the third input of which is connected to the output of the memory register, and the output is connected to the input of the fourth linear unit whose output is the second information output of the device, the third information input of the device is connected to the first input of the analogue of the digital converter, the output of which is connected to the third input of the memory register, the first output of the control unit is connected to the combined third inputs of the phase setting unit, the second decoder, the second input of the And element, the second output is connected to the fifth input of the controlled delay line and the second input of the analog-digital converter, the third output is connected to the fourth input of the memory register.

The field modules are connected in series with the central station, to which information is transmitted from seismic sensors (geophones) collected by field modules. Geophones convert earth's crust oscillations into analog electrical signals, which are fed to the input of each field unit and are converted by analog to a digital code by a digital converter. Before starting the acquisition of information from the central station, device control commands are sent to the circuits, which are retransmitted by each device and provide for the process of collecting seismic information.

A disadvantage of the known device is low utilization efficiency of the communication line, due to the presence of two communication lines, through which commands and synchronization frequency are transmitted in one direction, and seismic information flows in the other direction, which reduces line capacity due to the need to transmit commands and sync frequencies separately, in time, and reduces the reliability of the transmitted information due to the inevitable distortion of information signals and sync frequencies in the line, due to the mutual influences of these x signals. In addition, the presence of two lines leads to an increase in the weight and dimensions of the cable network, which also reduces the efficiency of the use of the communication line due to the difficulties of its deployment and folding.

The closest to the present invention is also a device for transmitting seismic information, consisting of a central station and field modules connected by a two-wire communication line, each of the field modules containing linear units, decoders, control unit, memory register, analog-to-digital converter , regeneration unit, phase setting unit, matching unit, clock extracting unit, controllable delay line, AND and OR elements, while the output of the first linear unit is connected to the first input of the unit The first output of which is connected to the first output of the phase setting unit, the first inputs of the first and second decoders are combined, the output of the ADC is connected to the first input of the memory register, the input of the first linear unit is the first input of the field unit, the output of the second linear unit is the output of the field unit, and the input of the third line unit is the second input of the field unit; in addition, the output of the first line unit is connected to the second input of the first decoder and to the first inputs of the clock extraction unit and a regeneration unit, the output of which is connected to the input of the second linear unit, the output of the clock extraction unit is connected to the second inputs of the regeneration unit, the control unit, the memory register, the first inputs of the And element, the controlled delay line, the decoders and the second input of the phase setting unit whose third input is combined with the first input of the matching unit and connected to the output of the third linear unit, the output of the phase setting unit is connected to the second input of the matching unit, the output of which is connected to the connected The second inputs of the controlled delay line and the second decoder, the output of which is connected to the third input of the controlled delay line, the fourth input of which is combined with the third inputs of the memory register, the control unit and connected to the output of the first decoder, the output of the controlled delay line is connected to the first input the OR element, the second input of which is connected to the output of the memory register, and the output is connected to the input of the fourth linear unit, the output of which is the second output of the field unit, the third input of which is connected to the first the first input of the ADC, the first output of the control unit is also connected to the combined third input of the second decoder and the second input of the AND element, the output of which is connected to the third input of the OR element, the second output of the control unit is connected to the fifth input of the controlled delay line and to the second input of the ADC, the third output of the control unit is connected to the fourth input of the memory register.

The field modules are connected in series with the central station, to which information is transmitted from seismic sensors (geophones) collected by field modules. Geophones convert earth's crust oscillations into analog electrical signals that are fed to the input of each field unit and are converted by an analog-to-digital converter into a digital code. Before starting the acquisition of information from the central station, device control commands are sent to the circuits, which are retransmitted by each device and provide for the process of collecting seismic information.

A disadvantage of the known device is low utilization efficiency of the communication line, due to the presence of two communication lines, through which commands and sync frequency are sent in one direction, and seismic information flows in the other direction, which reduces

line capacity due to the need to transmit commands and sync frequencies separately in time and reduces the reliability of the transmitted information due to the inevitable distortion of the information signals of the sync frequency frequencies in the line, due to the mutual effects of these signals.

In addition, the presence of two lines leads to an increase in the weight and dimensions of the cable network, which also reduces the efficiency of using the communication line due to the difficulties of its deployment and folding.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency of use of the communication line, the reliability of information exchange and

0 noise immunity.

This goal is achieved by the fact that in a telemetry system for collecting seismic information, consisting of a central station and field modules,

5 connected by a two-wire communication line, each of the field modules containing three line units, two decoders, a control unit, a memory register, an analog-to-digital converter, a regeneration unit, a phase setting unit, AND and OR elements, and the output of the first linear the unit is connected to the first input of the control unit, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the phase setting unit,

5, the first inputs of the first and second decoders are combined, the output of the analog-digital converter is connected to the memory register input, the input of the first linear block is the first input of the left module, the output of the second linear block is the output of the field module, and the input of the third linear block is the second input of the field unit, the receiving, command and output registers, filtering unit, trigger, two additional elements And, two resistors, delay lines, sources of positive are entered into each of the field modules. and a negative voltage, a crystal oscillator, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first element I, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the control unit and combined with the first inputs of the regeneration unit and the second linear unit,

5 the second input of which is connected to the output of the OR element, the first input of which is connected to the output of the trigger, and the second input is connected to the output of the regeneration unit, the second input of which is combined with the first

the inputs of the second and third element I, as well as the second input of the control unit and the output of the phase setting unit, while the second input of the phase setting unit is connected to the output of the first element I, the output of the first linear unit through a delay line connected to the third input of the regeneration unit and the first input receiving register, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the command register, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the third linear unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the filtering unit, the second input cat The first is connected to the second output of the command register, and the output is connected to the first input of the analog-to-digital converter, the output of the memory register is connected to the first input of the output register, the second input of which is combined with the second input of the analog-to-digital converter and connected to the output of the second decoder, the output of the first the decoder is connected to the second input of the command register, the first inputs of the decoders are connected to the third output of the control unit, and the second inputs of the decoders are connected to the second output of the receiving register The second input of which is connected to the output of the second element I, the second input of which is connected to the fourth output of the control unit, the fifth output of which is connected to the second input of the third element I, the output of which is connected to the third input of the output register and the first input of the trigger, the second input of which is connected with the output of the output register, the fourth input of which is combined with the third input of the trigger and connected to the sixth output of the control unit; in addition, one of the wires of the communication line is connected via a resistor to the positive source The second voltage is connected to a negative voltage source through a resistor, the field modules are connected to each other in series, the first input of the first field module is connected to the output of the central station, and the output of the last field module is connected to the input of the central station.

Moreover, the control unit contains an AND element and two OR elements, a clock pulse counter, a decoder and five flip-flops. The first input of the first flip-flop is the first input of the control unit and combined with the first input of the AND element, the first output of this flip-flop connected to the first input of the second trigger, the output of which is the fourth output of the control unit, and the second input connected to the first output of the decoder, the second output of which is the third output of the control unit, and the input connected to stroke counter clock pulse, the first input of which is the second input of the control unit and combined with the first input of the fourth flip-flop, the output of which is the fifth output of the control unit

0 and combined with the first input of the fifth trigger, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first trigger, the second output of which is connected to the first input of the first OR element, the output of which is

5 with the first output of the control unit and connected to the second inputs of the fourth and fifth triggers, to the first input of the third trigger and to the first input of the second OR element, the second input of which is connected to the third

0 by the output of the decoder, and the output is connected to the second inputs of the clock counter and the third trigger and to the third input of the fifth trigger, the output of the third trigger is the sixth output of the control unit and

5 is connected to the third input of the fourth trigger and the second input of the AND element, the output of which is connected to the second input of the first OR element.

FIG. Figure 1 shows the functionality of a telemetry system for collecting seismic information; in fig. 2 - functional block diagram.

Telemetry system for collecting

5 seismic information contains a central station 1 and N field modules 2 (2- |, 22, ... 2 m), each of which contains the first input 3, the first linear unit 4, the control unit 5, the delay line b, providing constant the signal delay required to compensate for the delay of the control signals due to the final speed of the real circuit elements, crystal oscillator 7, the first element AND 8, through which the clock pulses from the crystal oscillator 7 arrive at the phase setting unit 9, which is a divisor of four with installation Nogo state, the output of which formiruyut0 with clock pulses which have been adjusted in phase to the first bit (Start), the output signal up to a clock period, the regeneration control unit 10, which is a flip-flop, to the clock

5 of which clock pulses are sent from the phase setting unit 9, to the D input there is information from the output of the delay line 6, and to the setup input of the initial state - a control signal from the control unit 5, the OR element 11, the second linear unit 12 having the control the input for setting the initial state, the output 13 of the field module 2, the receiving register 14, the information input of which receives information from the first linear unit 4, through the delay line 6 and the synchronous input - clock pulses through the second element 15, and the information from the outputs in view parallel code - to the input of the command register 16 and to the inputs of the first decoder 17 and the second decoder 18, while the first decoder 17 generates a pulse Record for recording information in register 16, and the second decoder 18 starts the pulse for starting the analog-digital converter 19 and rewriting information from the memory register 20 to the output register 21. To the input of which, through the third element And 22, clock pulses arrive for reading information and transmitting it through trigger 23 to the input of the element OR 11 in the Data transmission mode, second input 24 of field module 2, the signals from the seismic sensors (geophones) are fed to the input of the third linear unit 25, where they are killed, and through the filtering unit 26 are fed to the input of the analog-digital converter 19, while the gain and frequency band in blocks 25 and 26 set in accordance with the digital code received from the command register 16.

In addition, the two-wire first input 3 consists of two wires 27 and 28, a positive voltage source 30 is connected to wire 17 through a resistor 29, and a negative voltage source 32 is connected to a second wire 28 through a resistor 31.

At the same time, information in the form of a binary sequential code that has a predetermined number of bits in each information word and contains Start (logical one) bits at the beginning of each word and at least two bits at the end of the word (logical zeros) from the output of the first linear block 4 arrives at the first input 33 of the control unit 5 (FIG. 2), which contains an AND 34 element and the first trigger 35, which, on the leading edge of the Start bit, generates at the second output 36 of the block 5 a command of the receive-transmit cycle, the second trigger 37, which formson the fourth output 38 of the control unit 5, a command for receiving data, the first element OR 39, which generates a pulse at the first output 40 of the control unit 5; Setting to the initial state, a second element OR 41, at the output of which a pulse is formed End of word, third trigger 42, which forms on the sixth

The output 43 of the control unit 5 is a command to enable data readout, the fourth trigger 44, which generates the transfer enablement command, the fifth trigger 46, which generates a pulse at the fifth output45 of the control unit 5, the second input 47 of the control unit 5, to which clock pulses are received which are calculated

0 counter 48 clock pulses, as a result, the outputs of the decoder 49 sequentially generate pulses: at the first output, the command receiving end, at the second Poll, and at the third output - End of Time format, and from the second output of the decoder 49 a pulse Poll arrives at the third output 50 of block 5 The telemetry system for collecting seismic information is as follows:

0 way.

Field modules 2 (2i-2w) are connected by a two-wire communication line in a serial circuit together with the central station so that the input of the first in the field circuit

Module 5 is connected to the output of central station 1, and the output of the latter in the circuit of field module 2 to the input of central station 1, to which information is transmitted from seismic sensors (geophones), is collected

0 field modules. Information is collected and transmitted by commands from central station 1, which follow with a certain time interval (period, quantization). A command in the form of an information word enters the first information input 3 of field module 2 and, with the Start bit, starts control block 5, which generates signals at its first, second, fourth outputs, and the signal

0 from the second output enables the operation of the regeneration unit 10, converts the second linear unit 12 to the active mode and allows the passage of pulses from the crystal oscillator 7 through the first element 8 to block 9

5 setting the phase, the signal from the first output of the control unit 5 permits operation of the phase setting unit 9, the signal from the fourth output of the control unit 5 permits the passage through the second element 15 clock

0 pulses from the output of the phase setting unit 9, phased with the leading edge of the Start bit, to the receiving register 14; in addition, the pulses from the output of the phase setting unit 9 are fed to the synchronous input of the 10th generation unit Re5, to the third element I 22 and to the counter 48 clock pulses control block 5: the incoming information is recorded in the receive register 14, regenerated (restored by time relations) and through the element

OR 11 and the second linear unit 12 enters the output 13 of field module 2 as a two-pole (paraphase) signal. At the same time, the content of the relayed information does not change, but the amplitude and waveform are restored.

The process of writing the input information to the receive register 14. will take place until the output of the clock pulse counter 46 under the action of the clock pulses received at its sync input generates a code equal to the number of bits specified for the command information word. This code is decrypted and at the first output of the decoder 49 a pulse is formed. A command receiving end sets the second trigger 37 to the initial state, which, in turn, prohibits the passage of clock pulses through the second element 15 to the synchronous input register 14 and write to it ends. Following this, a pulse is generated at the second output of the decoder 49, which enables the first 17 and second 18 decoders to work, the latter, in turn, provided that the information received in register 14 contains the code for features Command, Write command and / or Start ADC, forms, respectively, the pulses Record and Start. Pulse Write codes containing commands for controlling the third line unit 25 and the filtering unit 26 contained in the receiving register 14 are rewritten into the command register 16 and then fed to the second inputs of the third linear unit 25 and filtering unit 26. A pulse is triggered by an analog-to-digital converter 19, which digitally converts the signal to its input through the third linear block 25 and the filtering block 26, and the second information input 24 from geophones, simultaneously with the conversion, the information from the memory register 20 is rewritten To the output register 21. In the analog-to-digital converter 19, a generated digital code is set at its first output, which, after the end of the conversion cycle, is rewritten into memory register 20. The conversion time of the analog-to-digital converter 19 should be no more than a quantization period.

In parallel with the operation of the analog-digital converter 19, the input information is retransmitted, which includes the completion of the translation of the first information word to the moment when the third output of the decoder

49 an impulse will be formed. The end of the format, which through the second element OR 41 sets the counter 48 clock pulses to its initial state, arrives at

synchronization of the fifth trigger 46 and sets at the output of the third trigger 42 a logical unit that permits the passage of information from the input 33 through the AND 34 element to the second input of the first element OR 39. In case the second information word is followed by the second, then the Start at the output of the first element OR 39 a pulse will be formed;

5 to which the third flip-flop 42 will be returned to the initial state; simultaneously, through the output 40 of the control unit 5, the phase setting unit 9 and the retransmission process will be returned to the initial state

0 will resume, but there will be no reception of information in the receive register 14, since the second trigger 37 is in the initial state.

The retransmission process will last up to

5 until the last information word is completed. Under this condition, the impulse setting to the initial state will not be generated by the Start bit, and since the clock pulses will arrive at

0 input 47 of block 5, the logical unit at the output of the third flip-flop 42, which through the output 43 of the control block 5 enables the output register 21 and flip-flop 23, will be written into the fourth flip-flop 44 with the first clock pulse and a command will be generated at its output The resolution of the transmission, which will allow the passage of clock pulses through the third element And 22 to the synchronous inputs of the output

0 register 21 and trigger 23, thereby starting the process of reading information from output register 21 and transmitting it through trigger 23, the OR 11 element and the second line unit 12 to the output 13 of field module 2.

5 The process of data transmission goes until the moment when the third output of the decoder 49 forms a pulse. End of format, which through the second element OR 41 enters the synchronization input of the fifth trigger

0 46, on the D-input of which a logical unit is installed from the output of the fourth trigger 44. At the output of the fifth trigger 46, a logical unit is also set, which sets the first trigger 35 to its initial state and the logical unit on the inverse output of the first trigger 35 through the OR 39 element sets the output 40 to the signal of setting the initial state, thereby returning field module 2 to the initial state. So

Thus, the operation of field unit 2 is completed before the next command arrives at its third input.

Since the information is perceived by the first line unit 4 of field module 2 only as a paraphase signal via a two-wire line, when receiving information the device is practically not susceptible to external interference, since the interference is in-phase and the first line unit 4 of field module 2 is not perceived.

For the same reason, in the absence of transmitted information, the excitation of the communication line by interference is impossible and can only be carried out by the central station. In addition, in the proposed telemetry system for collecting seismic information, information transmission over the communication line is highly reliable due to the fact that clock pulses are generated in the field unit and phase with information with phase adjustment for each information word, which prevents accumulation of phase shifts due to for the non-identity of quartz oscillators in different field modules.

Claims (2)

1. Telemetry system for collecting seismic information, consisting of a central station and field modules connected by a two-wire communication line, each of the field modules containing three linear units, two decoders, a control unit, a memory register, an analog-to-digital converter, a unit regeneration unit phase setting elements And and Or, while the output of the first linear unit is connected to the first input of the control unit, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the phase setting unit, the first inputs of the first and second de ifratorov combined output of the analog-digital converter connected to the input memory register, the input of the first line block is the first input field modulation, a linear output of the second block is output field modulation, and the input line of the third block. is the second input of the field unit, characterized in that, in order to increase the efficiency of the use of the communication line, the reliability of information transmission and noise immunity, the receiving, command and output registers, filtering unit, trigger, two additional elements And are entered into each of the field modules , two resistors, delay lines, sources of positive and negative voltages and a crystal oscillator, the output of which connected to the first input of the first element I, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the control unit and combined with the first inputs of the regeneration unit and the second line unit, the second input of which is connected to the output of the OR element, the first input of which is connected to the trigger output, and the second input is connected to the output of the regeneration unit, the second input of which combined with the first inputs of the second and third elements And, as well as the second input of the control unit and the output of the phase setting unit, while the second input of the phase setting unit is connected to the output of the first element And, the output of the first linear unit through the delay line is connected to the third input of the regeneration unit and the first input of the receiving register, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the command register, the first output of which is connected to the first input of the third linear unit, the output of which is connected to the first input of the filter unit radio, the second input of which is connected to the second output of the command register, and the output is connected to the first input of the analog-digital converter, the output of the memory register is connected to the first input of the output register, the second input of which is combined with the second input of the analog-digital converter and connected to the output the second decoder, the output of the first decoder is connected to the second input of the command register, the first inputs of the decoders are connected to the third output of the control unit, and the second inputs of the decoders are connected to the second output receiving at the register, the second input of which is connected to the output of the second AND gate, a second input coupled to a fourth the output of the control unit, the fifth output of which is connected to the second input of the third element I, the output of which is connected to the third input of the output register and the first input of the trigger, the second input of which is connected to the output of the output register, the fourth input of which is combined with the third input of the trigger and connected to the sixth the output of the control unit, in addition, one of the wires of the communication line is connected via the resistor is connected to a positive voltage source, and the second of the wires of the communication line is connected via a resistor to a negative voltage source, with the field modules connected in series, the first input of the first field module is connected to the output of the central station, and the output of the last field module is with the entrance of the central station. 2. The system of claim 1, wherein the control unit contains an AND element, two OR elements, a clock counter, a decoder, and five triggers, the first input of the first trigger being the first input of the control unit and combined with the first input of the element And, the first output of the first trigger is the second output of the control unit and connected to the first input of the second trigger, the output of which is the fourth output of the control unit, the second input of the second trigger connected to the first output of the decoder, the second output of which is the third output of the control unit, and the input of the second trigger is connected to the output of the clock counter, the first input of which is the second input of the control unit and combined with the first input of the fourth trigger, the output of which is the fifth the output of the control unit and combined with the first input of the fifth trigger, the second output of which is connected to the second input of the first trigger, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first OR element, the output of which is the first output of the control unit and connected to the second inputs of the fourth and fifth triggers , to the first input of the third trigger and to the first input of the second element OR, the second input of which is connected to the third output of the decoder, and the output is connected to the second inputs of the counter of clock pulses and the third trigger and to the third entry in the fifth flip-flop, third flip-flop output is a sixth output of the control unit and connected to the third input of the fourth flip-flop and the second input of the AND gate, whose output is connected to the second input of the first OR element.