SU1724280A1 - Appliance for exercising leg muscles - Google Patents

Abstract

The device makes it possible to increase the effect of training aimed at developing the strength of the leg muscles and exercising in a wide dynamic range (according to the amplitude of movement of the bone links and the degree of muscle tension) without a pressure effect on the spine without the use of viscera. The device contains two support platforms 2 and 3 movably mounted on the base 1. One of the support platforms is adapted to move along the frame in order to change the distance between the support platforms having the possibility of rotation in a horizontal plane around the central axis. The mechanism for the longitudinal movement of the support platform 3 is made in the form of a threaded pair consisting of a nut and a single 5 fixedly mounted on the support platform 3 and equipped with a handwheel 6. The rotation mechanism of each support platform is made in the form of a gear sector:. Installed on the axis of rotation and interacting with screw. The mobility of the support sites provides the necessary set of positions for the complex study of the muscles of the foot, lower leg, thigh, as well as the ligament, apparatus and joints of the corresponding bone links. The exercises performed on the device have an arbitrarily forced ha-ha, which, together with the loading of the trunnion system, improves coordination of psychomotor functions. 9 il. SP

Description

3,172

The invention relates to physical culture and sports, as well as to therapeutic and health medicine, in particular to devices and simulators designed for active exercises aimed at developing the strength of leg muscles.

The muscular and ligamentous apparatus of the legs, as a rule, carry the longest

The use of various lever-block devices and shock absorbers for local (selective) loading of leg muscles reduces the effect of a complex effect on the musculoskeletal system, making it impossible to involve in the work the muscles of the body, which create the reaction forces necessary to preserve

time functional function-jg of the equilibrium state,

ku, and in most types of physical culture and sports require additional training, aimed not only at the development of muscular

forces, but also on a special training sus-15 fixed dependence of

tavov. The development of muscle strength, accompanied by loading of the lumen-joint apparatus, is favorably reflected in their condition. This impact is due to the activation of exchange processes 2Q digital training objectives.

in the fabrics of all of these elements.

As a rule, traditional methods of developing muscle strength are reflex-active, i.e. associated with the tension of the myemic system in response to irritation caused by an external load with the help of waxings, resistance of spring and rubber shock absorbers, lever-block devices, etc.

Since the bony levers of the legs are a single aggregate link, physical loading of the legs is accompanied by the inclusion of virtually all mimicles (synergists and anti-onists), and therefore all methods of loading them to develop strength are universal character. The last factor is confirmed by the fact that the most effective (and common) type of training aimed at developing the muscular strength of the legs is exercise with a barbell, which plays the role of external resistance. This method is widely used as an effective means for developing special and general physical training in many sports disciplines (running, skiing, jumping, etc.).

However, with increasing muscle strength in the legs, an increase in the external load (weight of the barbell held on the shoulders) causes an undesirable increase in the compression load on the spinal cord, which is the cause of marked changes in the intervertebral disks and ligamentous apparatus of the spinal segments.

The nature of loading of the specified muscle groups is fixed, i.e. due to the specific stiffness value of the elastic element, such

resistance to deformation of the elastic element does not allow to vary the nature of the loading of the muscular system in connection with the need to solve the specific

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The aim of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of training by means of multi-positioned complex loading of muscles in isometric and isokinetic modes.

FIG. 1 shows the device, front view; in fig. 9. - the same, top view; in fig. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 4 is a section BB in FIG. 3 (without support site); Figures 5 to 7 show examples of exercises for developing leg muscle strength using the proposed device; in fig. 8 - diagram of the mechanism of rotation of the reference sites; in fig. 9 - basic muscle loading schemes for the legs.

On the base 1, made in the form of a rectangular platform, support platforms 2 and 3 are installed with the possibility of their rotation in a horizontal plane around the central axis of the platforms. The support pad 3 is equipped with a displacement mechanism consisting of a nut 5, 4 interacting with a screw 5, a handwheel 6 and supports 7 and 8. In the base 1 there are longitudinal grooves 9 in which a plate 10 is placed (fig. 3), equipped with an axis 11 for connection with the carriage 12. The pins 13 are mounted on the bottom surface of the plate 10, and the carriage 12 is held in the slots 9 by the plates 14. To accommodate the screws 13 in the carriage 1. arc-shaped grooves 15 are provided, providing

0

0

five

turn the plate at least 90.

,

The nut 4 of the moving mechanism is fixedly mounted on the carriage 12, and

517

The supports 7 and 8 of the screw 5 are fixed on the base 1.

The mechanism of rotation of the support sites 2 and 3 consists of the toothed sector 16 and the screw 17, equipped with a handwheel 1.8 installed in the bracket 19E fixed on the base 1.

For the loading of the leg muscles, the supporting platforms -2 and 3 can occupy different positions. Since the range of position of one foot relative to another is practically limited to an angle of approximately 90 °, the maximum angle of rotation of the pads received is no more than 90. This value of the angle of rotation provides the necessary set of positions for performing the maximum possible number of leg loading schemes. In addition, this possibility is additionally provided by changing the distance between the support pads 2 and 3, for which the screw 5 is rotated with the help of the handwheel 6 protruding above the surface of the base 1. The displacement of the support pad 3 is due to possible boundary values of the distance between the reference sites taking into account anthropometry. It is advisable to take the maximum distance between the pads of no more than one meter, since an increase in this size causes a decrease in the efficiency of the muscular system loading.

The device is not fixed to the support surface, and the width of the base 1 is taken from the condition that the device is in a stable position.

When the bearing pads 2 and 3 are rotated around the axis 11, the pins 13 move in the grooves 15, which limit the rotation angle to 90 °. The surface of the bearing pads can be covered with a material with high frictional characteristics, for example, corrugated rubber. To prevent the foot from sliding off the support pad, a restrictive rim with a height of 10-15 mm is made along the periphery of the support surface,

The loading mechanism of the muscular system is to use the effect of the complex manifestation of psychomotor acts to control the arbitrary contraction of muscle structures in combination with such physical phenomena as friction.

| Q 15 20

d

25

thirty

jg "

five

.180ft

It is known that the absolute value of the friction force is determined by the magnitude of the gravitational component of the weight of the physical object, acting normal to the earth's surface, and the angle between the vectors of the gravitational component and the force acting on the physical object (the so-called shear force). Relative - the value of the coefficient of friction, which characterizes the frictional interaction between physical objects, is determined by the angle of friction, numerically equal to the ratio of the absolute value of the force of friction to the gravitational component of the weight of the physical object (if the object is on an inclined surface). The friction angle is determined by FTP from the tgft expression ----. As shown

in fig. 9, the friction force between the subject and the supporting surface can be changed in accordance with the value of the angle od, and in the cases of FIG. 9a and b is the total friction force of the LFrp 1, in the case of FIG. 9, BSFTp-1 (90 °). The paradox of the latter case is manifested in particular in the physiology of muscular activity — the possibility of simultaneously straining the muscles of the flexors and extensors. Therefore, with full tension of the leg muscles (feet, legs, thighs), an attempt to move the legs in the direction of the arrows f is possible only if the angle is changed to a value of 90 °.

Using the options (positions) shown in FIG. 5-7, load the necessary muscle groups.

i

The positions of FIG. 5, it is possible to imitate the ascent from the deep seat to the position of one hundred seconds from, for example, itangi. Before straightening the legs, muscles of the foot, shin and thigh are arbitrarily strained, subjectively directing the force focus of the foot to the sides along arrow f (Fig. 56). In the process of straightening the legs, the muscles remain tight. The exercise is performed in various dynamic modes. As a rule, the first movements are carried out in an easy warm-up mode. The last repetitions are performed with the greatest possible degree of muscle tension.

The exercise shown in Fig. 6 is mainly aimed at muscle loading (ligament and joints), performed 71

 leading role in such athletic disciplines as running and jumping

The exercise shown in Fig. 7 makes it possible to imitate the movements of the skater and the skier (free style) with a high degree of leg muscle tension. The movements are performed from the position of the half-seat, arbitrarily emphasizing the tension of the muscles, in conjunction with the imitation of the technique characteristic of the indicated species.

Positioning options are provided by changing the distance between the support pads, 2 and 3, as well as their rotation in the horizontal plane by rotating the handwheels 6 and 18. In order to increase the grip between the shoe sole and the support pad, the footprint has a high friction coefficient coating.

Peripheral edges

support sites, perform a safety function, preventing the foot from sliding off the site. In the case of the use of the device in conditions of weightlessness, the rim performs the function of a limiter, and the shoe can have fixing elements to the platforms. . As intended, the device can have the most widespread use: therapeutic and health physical education, sports of higher achievements, cosmonautics, etc.

The main advantage of the device is the high effect of the training, aimed at developing the strength of the legs, strengthening the joint apparatus and the positive effect on the joints. The device provides a wide range of loading schemes, varying degrees of voltage and dynamics, a high degree of training of the contractile apparatus of muscle tissue. One of the significant positive qualities of the device lies in the possibility of effective training of the leg muscles in combination with the complete unloading of the spine from Zion loadings, which take place during exercises with staining.

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45

Claims (1)

The invention The device for developing the strength of the muscles of the legs, containing a base that carries rotary platforms for the legs with flanges, one of which is mounted on a carriage, is characterized by the fact that, in order to increase the effectiveness of training by complex multi-position loading of muscles in isometric and The isokinetic modes of the base are inserted straight with longitudinal grooves, the carriage is connected to the base by means of a screw-nut, and the axes of the turntables are jagged sectors, and, accordingly, the base and aretka - screws for engagement with the sectors, squeeze (0) while the surface of the sites is made of materials with a friction target; with high coefficient The method of training using the proposed device is available for quick mastering. Under weightless conditions (in long space flights), the device will maintain high leg muscle tone due to periodic training with a high degree of muscle tension and loading of the articular elements with a significant amplitude of muscle contraction and relative movement of bone links. The simulators of the velgorometer and tredbana type used in cosmonautics do not possess this ability. These means relate to reflex-active exercise machines when psychomotor acts are performed in response to an external load and are adequate to it. The method of occupancy on the proposed device has an arbitrary forced character, i.e. refers to a higher level of activity of the central nervous system in combination with activation of physiological functions. When performing exercises on the proposed device, injuries are excluded, and in terms of energy expenditures, training comes close to occupations. The invention The device for developing the strength of the muscles of the legs, containing the base, carrying rotary platforms for legs with flanges, one of which is installed on the carriage, is characterized by the fact that, in order to increase the effectiveness of training by complex multi-positional loading of muscles in isometric and isokinetic modes , the base is inserted straight-line with longitudinal grooves, the carriage is connected to the base by means of a pair of screw-nut, with the axes of the turntables carrying gear sectors, and, accordingly, the base and carriage - screws for interacting with sectors, at the same time the surface of the pads is made of materials with the friction target; with a high coefficient; Aa 3 12 10 - // fJ // tfXVfXf | 1 IJ ...  K f. 9% 91 1 b A. ..vnErnfe ..- JL Rig.2 Fig. / FIG. 6 FIG. 7 G s Phage. 9 6