SU1722411A1 - Method of fermentation of tobacco - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to the tobacco industry. Tobacco in loose mass is packed into a package from a gas-vapor-proof film, air is evacuated from the package, filled with carbon dioxide, sealed, left to take leaves for more complete saturation of tobacco with carbon dioxide, and fermentation is performed: heating, keeping at constant air parameters and cooling . 1 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the tobacco industry and can be used in tobacco-fermentation plants.

A known method for the fermentation of tobacco, according to which raw tobacco is loaded into the chamber for fermentation, seals the chamber and is filled with carbon dioxide while raising the air temperature. At the same time, complete displacement of air from the chamber is achieved. Next, the tobacco raw material is fermented according to a known technology: the raw material is heated to 50-60 ° C, kept at this temperature until the oxygen index reaches 0.1 cm3 02, then cooled. Upon cooling, C02 is removed from the chamber.

The closest to the invention is a method of fermentation of tobacco, according to which tobacco is fermented in bales, pre-packed in a bag of gas-vapor-permeable film, heated to 7Q-100 ° C, followed by aging.

at this temperature, wherein both stages are carried out for 36-60 hours. The cooling step is carried out under natural conditions.

This process duration is achieved mainly due to high temperatures (up to 100 ° C), which, in combination with high tobacco density of 250-3000 kg / m3, leads to deterioration of the quality of tobacco raw materials (color, chemical composition, technological properties).

In addition, this method can be used to ferment tobacco, which has an initial moisture content of not more than 16%. Otherwise, the raw materials are considered to be substandard, and since in the tobacco industry most of the harvested tobacco raw materials have high humidity, the application of this method is limited. To ferment the highly moist tobacco raw materials in this way, it is necessary to precondition it.

with

VI ing to a moisture content not exceeding 16%, which leads to additional losses of tobacco raw materials.

The purpose of the invention is to accelerate the fermentation process, improve the quality of fermented tobacco and reduce its loss.

. The method consists in packing tobacco in a loose mass into a package made of gas-vapor-proof film, air is evacuated from the package, filled with carbon dioxide, sealed, left to drip to more completely saturate the tobacco with carbon dioxide, and fermented: maintained at constant air parameters and cooled.

Example. Tobacco raw materials of the Podolsky type I grade are taken from the feeder in a loose mass, the tobacco density is 100 kg / m3, placed in a bag from a gas-vapor-proof film, pumped out with air using a vacuum pump, filled with CO2, sealed and stored in a warehouse. . Then they are placed in a farmer's chamber, where the tobacco is heated to 70 ° C, kept at this temperature, cooled and unloaded into the finished goods warehouse.

The control fermentation was carried out in a manner known per se.

The results obtained are presented in the table.

From the above data it follows that during the fermentation of tobacco by the proposed method, the duration of the process is reduced by 27-41%, the loss of dry matter by 15-51% compared with the prototype.

Thus, the use of the proposed method reduces the duration of the fermentation process by an average of 23%, the loss of dry matter by 35% compared with the known method.

In addition, in the tobacco ot fermented by the proposed method, due to more

its low density (100-125 kg / m3 compared to 250-300 kg / m3 in the known methods) contains a greater amount of carbon dioxide dissolved in water. Consequently, there is a significant

inhibition of the enzyme complex and the environment of tobacco has a more acidic reaction: the pH of the tobacco environment in the proposed method is 5.6, in the prototype 5.8. This achieves the effect of reducing the harmful effects

on the human body (toxicity), as the smoke contains a smaller amount of hydrocarbon substances: 1.63 mg / cm versus 2.26 mg / cm2. The proposed method also allows

stabilize the moisture of the raw material: differences in the determination of moisture before and after fermentation do not exceed the experience error accepted in the industry. Consequently, the raw materials will not be subjected to additional grinding from mechanical effects during further transportation and processing in tobacco factories.

Claims (1)

Claims The method of fermentation of tobacco, including its packaging in a sealed package of gas-vapor-proof film, heating, keeping at constant air parameters and cooling, characterized in that, in order to accelerate the fermentation process, improve the quality of spun tobacco and reduce its losses, tobacco packaged in loose mass, air is pumped out of the bag, filled with carbon dioxide gas, followed by extraction of tobacco in this package to more completely saturate it with carbon dioxide.