CN1037743C

CN1037743C - Tobacco bionics fermentation method

Info

Publication number: CN1037743C
Application number: CN96103625A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郦安江
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1996-03-25
Filing date: 1996-03-25
Publication date: 1998-03-18
Anticipated expiration: 2016-03-25
Also published as: CN1133694A

Abstract

The present invention relates to a bionic fermentation method for tobacco, which belongs to the treatment for tobacco. In order to provide a bionic fermentation method for tobacco, in the present invention, tobacco is sealed and packed by a bionic container. Thus, an artificial bionic microenvironment is formed, and the tobacco is fermented in the artificial bionics microenvironment. The bionic container is a bionics bag made of double-layer film plastic made from innocuous and wearproof resin, and the artificial bionics is formed from speed alcohol liquid prepared by dissolving the extracting liquid of aromatic tobacco, which is leached by alcohol, in ammonium bicarbonate. By using the method of the present invention, the fermentation time of the tobacco can be shortened to less than 100 days, the loss of the tobacco, which is caused by mould development, insect pests, spontaneous combustion, etc., can be effectively prevented, and the standardization management of the fermentation can be realized.

Description

Bionical tobacco fermentation process

The present invention is relevant with tobacco, particularly, belongs to the processing of tobacco.

As everyone knows, tobacco needs the alcoholization of fermenting in process, to improve character, color and the processing characteristics of tobacco leaf.Fermentation has spontaneous fermentation and two kinds of methods of artificial fermentation.Spontaneous fermentation be with after the redrying, the tobacco leaf modulation of control moisture content packages and puts into the warehouse, fermentation under field conditions (factors), because this moment, the tobacco water content was low, amino acid in the protein decomposes back ammonia and easily scatters and disappears, so generally need just can reach due physical and chemical index, also just can be used for production of cigarettes through the time more than 2 years.Therefore to take storage area big for this method, and fermentation period is long, fund overstocks in a large number, needs a large amount of manpower turnings, and required labour cost, Vermins-proof mildew-proof expense are big; If stack too thickly, thermal accumlation during fermentation also has the nature phenomenon of " having a swollen head ", causes the loss of tobacco; Not only ferment effect is undesirable, can't realize standardized management.At present both at home and abroad manufacturer all adopts and deposits earlier a period of time naturally and take the artificial fermentation to shorten the method for whole fermentation time again, but the tobacco leaf color and luster that this method obtains deeply, presentation quality is poor, ferment effect is unsatisfactory.At this problem, people have proposed some and have shortened the technical scheme of tobacco fermentation time, the disclosed tobacco leaf method of strengthen fermentation of CN86102596A for example, be that successively spraying amylase and hydrogen peroxide mixed liquor are made catalyst, alimentary acetic acid and alcohol blend and made cleaner on the tobacco leaf of modulation, forced fermentation under the heat energy condition is being provided, is shortening certain fermentation time, this scheme has certain effect, but only can be used for the cigarette stage in later stage.Also have some schemes, as the disclosed tobacco fermentation method of SU1179968A is that carbon dioxide is sent into closed chamber, make tobacco temperature reach 50～60 ℃, insulation continues to the oxidation index value and reaches 0.1ml/g, the indoor carbon dioxide air scavenge is reached the purpose that shortens fermentation time with exhaust blower again; The disclosed tobacco fermentation method of SU1440470A also is the purpose that control fermenting cellar temperature reaches quick fermentation; Scheme of the disclosed employing accelerating fermentation of leaf tobacco by use of ultraviolet ray of scheme, CN1049778A that CN1088414A adopts the extract of some Chinese medicine to be sprayed to carry out catalystic, fermentative on the tobacco etc. also has the effect of certain shortening fermentation time.But these schemes have needs corresponding apparatus, the controlled condition complexity that has, is difficult to grasp, all not really practical, also is difficult to realize standardized management.

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of bionical tobacco fermentation process with quick alcohol liquid and bionical bag that finds out according to bionic principle, it had both shortened the fermentation time of tobacco, can reduce the loss of tobacco again, also can increase the natural alcohol fragrance of tobacco.

For reaching this purpose, the inventor is through research repeatedly, found that in the stomach of herbivore forage is under the enzyme effects in gastric juice such as the carbon dioxide that produces in by glandular stomach, ammonia, fermented gradually and digest, the tobacco alcoholization of also can in the bionical subenvironment of artificial sealing, fermenting.The inventor find traditional zymotic slowly major reason one be that the tobacco water content is low, amino acid in the protein decomposes back ammonia and easily scatters and disappears, the 2nd, pile up too thick, be unfavorable for the breeding of enzyme system, therefore, in order to form bionical subenvironment, must replenish moisture content and ammonia to tobacco, and make it the paulin pine.The inventor has selected can obtain desirable ferment effect with the leavening of carbonic hydroammonium as tobacco.Simultaneously, the inventor finds that again discarded spices fireworks itself are exactly a kind of spices with natural flavor in the present tobacco production, and its extract can increase the natural fragrance of cigarette, and is easy for consumers to accept.For this reason, to be (1) be sprayed at the tobacco surface and form subenvironment with " quick alcohol liquid " of the extract dissolving carbonic hydroammonium gained of ethanol lixiviate Turkish tobaccos fireworks the bionical tobacco fermentation process that provides of inventor.Quick alcohol liquid can not only increase tobacco flavor in the tobacco fermentation process, and along with the decomposition of carbonic hydroammonium, ferment required ammonia and carbon dioxide just have been full of in the airtight subenvironment gradually, ammonia can promote tobacco fermentation, carbon dioxide can make tobacco paulin pine, can suppress the generation of disease and pest again,, avoid " having a swollen head " phenomenon effectively owing to lack oxygen in the subenvironment.Certainly, this subenvironment also can form by liquid (for example ethephon (CEPHA), liquor etc.), gas (for example carbon dioxide and ammonia), the solid (for example carbonic hydroammonium particle) that uses other.(2) with bionical container with the tobacco airtight package, form artificial bionical subenvironment, tobacco is fermented therein.

The present invention both can make " bionical bag " made of plastic for forming an artificial sealing subenvironment, and it is that raw material is made the film bilayer polybag with nontoxic, wear-resisting resin, and its big I is decided according to the amount of tobacco of being held, but must not leak gas after airtight; Also can adopt other material and air-tight manner.

The compound method of quick alcohol liquid is: earlier 20 parts of (weight, down with) Turkish tobaccos fireworks are immersed in a week in 40 part 75% the ethanol, the fireworks slag is removed in distillation, adds 40 parts of 20 parts of carbonic hydroammonium and adding distil waters in the extract, makes it to dissolve promptly fully to obtain.With other ammonium salt or some organic amine and carbonate also can, but not as carbonic hydroammonium effective.

The inventive method implement following step: (1) leaves moisting is reinforced, and the quick alcohol liquid for preparing was converted water by 1: 20, and every 50kg first class tobacco leaf sprays 5000ml, the second class tobacco leaf sprays 7500ml; If, then be sprayed at tobacco leaf or pipe tobacco surface, look cigarette is moistening to get final product at vacuum conditioning with when frying conventional treatment such as silk.(2) sealing is stacked, and with the wetting tobacco bionical bag of packing into quantitatively, seals airtightly, sends into the warehouse storehouse and stacks by standard.Generally speaking, can take 45 days summers, can take 90 days winters.(3) fermentation that heats up, the tobacco pouch of taking-up is sent into the artificial fermentation chamber, does not open bag, is warming up to 45～55 ℃, and first class cigarette after 7 days, second class cigarette are opened a bag hydrofuge after 10 days, can enter production of cigarettes.

Use method provided by the invention, can prevent from effectively again to go mouldy with the fermentation time of tobacco from shortening within 100 days 2 years, insect pest and more owing to stack the inhomogeneous tobacco loss of having a swollen head, the tobacco good colour of causing; Tobacco after the sealing expires to take out successively and uses by the priority of time pile successively in the warehouse, can also realize the standardized management of fermenting and produces continuously, is not subjected to the influence of natural conditions.In addition, tobacco is use of insecticide and mould inhibitor not, has reduced the consumption of other aromatizing agent, also can remove assorted gas, reduction tar content, improves the quality of tobacco significantly.With this cigarette that grows tobacco and produce, fragrance is obvious, mouthfeel is pure and mild, with low cost, and the occupation of capital is few, good in economic efficiency.

Embodiment: take by weighing not mould, do not have moth, natural moisture content at the Turkish tobaccos fireworks 200g 8% below, after compacting and the encircling, soak a week with 75% ethanol 400g.Take out then and put into vessel in heating, connect condenser pipe, fragrant ethanol is distillated becomes extract.Take by weighing that 200g carbonic hydroammonium adds wherein and adding distil water is settled to 1000ml, so can make enough quick alcohol liquids repeatedly.

Last secondary tobacco leaf is packed with existing bale packing mode, and every bag of 5kg gets above-mentioned quick alcohol liquid 25ml for every bag and converts water to 500ml, is sprayed on the outer gunnysack of tobacco bale with watering can, among the double-layer bionic bag made from the white plastic film of packing into immediately, and seals.The periphery of bionical bag will relax 40cm than the size of tobacco leaf bundle, expands and the internal pressure of generation to bear gas.In chronological sequence the order pile is stand-by for tobacco after the sealing.Tobacco after (summer) fermentation about 45 days can enter warm-up period, and keep 42 ± 2 ℃ of one week of constant temperature this moment.Open bionical bag afterwards and be warming up to 80～100 ℃ rapidly, kept 15～30 minutes, open exhaust blower exhausting cooling 20 minutes subsequently, can enter production of cigarettes.

Claims

1 bionical tobacco fermentation process, its feature comprises: (1) is sprayed at the tobacco surface with " quick alcohol liquid " of the extract dissolving carbonic hydroammonium gained of ethanol lixiviate Turkish tobaccos fireworks; (2) with bionical container with the tobacco airtight package, form artificial bionical subenvironment, tobacco is fermented therein.

2 bionical tobacco fermentation process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that used bionical container is " a bionical bag " made of plastic, it is to be that raw material is made the film bilayer polybag with nontoxic, wear-resisting resin, and its big I is decided according to the amount of tobacco of being held.

3 bionical tobacco fermentation process as claimed in claim 1, the compound method that it is characterized in that quick alcohol liquid is: earlier with 20 parts of (weight, down with) the Turkish tobaccos fireworks are immersed in a week in 40 part 75% the ethanol, the fireworks slag is removed in distillation, add 40 parts of 20 parts of carbonic hydroammonium and adding distil waters in the extract, make it to dissolve promptly fully to obtain.

4 bionical tobacco fermentation process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that for spontaneous fermentation sealing is stacked after being sprayed at tobacco leaf or pipe tobacco surface with the quick alcohol liquid for preparing, pack wetting tobacco into bionical bag quantitatively, seal airtightly, send into the warehouse storehouse and stack by standard.Generally speaking, can take 45 days summers, promptly can be used for cigarette 90 days winters.

5 bionical tobacco fermentation process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that for the fermentation that heats up, after being sprayed at tobacco leaf or pipe tobacco surface with the quick alcohol liquid for preparing, pack wetting tobacco into bionical bag quantitatively, again tobacco pouch is sent into the artificial fermentation chamber, do not opened bag, be warming up to 45～55 ℃, first class cigarette after 7 days, second class cigarette are opened a bag hydrofuge after 10 days, promptly be used for cigarette.