SU1719641A2 - Method of draining flooded peat beds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to peat production and m. used for draining highly watered peat deposits (TZ). The goal is to intensify the drainage process by digging out the card channels on the dried TK of a predominantly high type, speeding up the commissioning of areas and reducing the volume of earthworks. The method consists in opening, after the dehumidifiers of the first stage are half the design length after three months in the middle between them, the same in terms of the parameters of the second stage dehumidifiers for a length equal to the design length of the card channels. In winter, after freezing, TK is not less than 0.1 m; a discharge channel is laid at the ends of the first-line dryers. The following year, third stage dryers are being torn from it. They are laid along the tracks of future map channels to the design length. In winter, after freezing, TK is not less than 0.1 m, and the gross channel is laid at the ends of the second-stage dryers. Further, the driers between the gross channels are adjusted to the design parameters. Dehumidifiers tear along the natural slope of the surface TZ. 1 hp f-ly, 3 ill. WITH

Description

The invention relates to peat production and can be used in the peat industry, land reclamation, agriculture and forestry for the drainage of highly watered peat deposits and is complementary to the main auth. No. 1138505.

The known method of drainage of highly watered peat deposits involves the digging of gross canals in a dried deposit. The dryers are first torn off to half the design length, then deepened and brought to the design length. Then, perpendicular to the dehumidifier, at half of the design length, the discharge channel is dug and the dehumidifiers are deepened,

starting from the discharge channel, in both directions and further digging of dehumidifiers, still half of their design length into the explored field. Then the gross canal is dug and further drainage is effected from it in the same sequence.

Practical use of the method has shown that in the course of work one must encounter significant deformations of the sections of detachable dehumidifiers and discharge channels. The main type of deformation is the convergence of the slopes of the driers until the formation of impermeable plugs along their length. In order to provide drainage and water supplying capacity of the channels, it is necessary to carry out

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their repeated deepening or cleaning. The first deepening of dehumidifiers in practice is very difficult to implement due to the extremely difficult operating conditions of the earthmoving equipment and causes a sharp softening of the slopes of the channels.

The purpose of the invention is to intensify the process of draining highly watered peat deposits by increasing the water-carrying capacity of desiccants and waste channels.

The goal is achieved by the fact that the dehumidifiers are oriented along the corner of the field; for the first time, the dryers do not penetrate, but re-open to the design length between the previously performed ones; laying of waste channels is carried out after freezing of the peat deposit to a depth of at least 0.1 m.

The essence of the invention is to use for increasing the water supply capacity of the channels of natural inclination of the surface of deposits, reducing their deformations by deepening the drainage channels along the permafrost layer and introducing the operation of digging a drainage between the previously laid instead of their deepening.

Figures 1, 2, and 3 show diagrams of pre-drainage of highly watered peat deposits and stages of the phased execution of works.

Initially, trunk 2 and gross 3 channels were laid on the edge of the peat deposit. The main channel 2 is laid in full profile in the direction opposite to the surface slope, and the gross channel 3 is also full profile perpendicular to the main channel 2, the latter is connected to the water receiver 1. Simultaneously with the laying of the gross channel 3, it is perpendicular to it along the routes of the future Kart channels into the peat field in the direction opposite to the slope of the surface, dryers 4 of the first stage are drilled to the half of the designed length of the card channels. At the end of the installation of the driers 4 after 3 months in the middle between them, the dehumidifiers 5 of the second stage are similar in parameters for a length equal to the design length of the card channels, i.e. On the doubled length of the driers 4, In winter, after the peat deposit freezes at least 0.1 m, a discharge channel 6 is laid at the ends of the dehumidifiers 4 parallel to the gross channel 3. Next year, the dryers 7 are torn from the discharge channel 6 channels for the length corresponding to the design value. Then in winter after the freezing of the peat deposit at least 0.1 m at the ends of the dessicator 5

The gross channel 8 is laid. After 3-6 months, the card channels 4 between the gross channels 3 and 8 are brought to the design parameters. Subsequently, drainage is performed in the following sequence, from

of the shaft channel 8, the desiccants 9 are torn off by the design length of the card channels, and in winter, the outlet channel 10 is opened at the ends of the desiccants 7, etc. Depending on the availability of drainage equipment

carried out both inland and in the shmra of the peat deposit.

The application of the proposed method will allow the surface waters to be quickly discharged from the drained area of the highly watered peat deposits and to significantly reduce the level of the sub-surface airborne formations. As a result of a decrease in the moisture content in the surface layer of the deposit, its strength and freezing depth in the winter period will increase.

In addition, the bearing capacity of the peat deposit increases. The digging of drainage, waste and gross channels will be carried out on the dried areas. Reduce the number of vehicle passes

to deepen channels, which, like digging waste and gross channels in a reservoir frozen by at least 0.1 m, will help reduce the deformations of the channel sections and decrease

land works. The construction time of the drainage system can be reduced to 4-5 liters.

FORUMAWLAH AND ISLANDS

Claims (2)

1. The method of drainage of highly watered peat deposits according to the author. No. 1138505, characterized in that, in order to intensify the drying process by digging the card channels on the dried the deposits are mainly of top type, accelerate the commissioning of areas and reduce the volume of earthworks, after opening the first-stage dryers half of the design length after three months in the middle between them, second-line driers of similar type are cut by a length equal to the design length of the card channels, then in winter, after the peat deposit freezes over at least 0.1 m, a waste channel is laid at the ends of the first-turn driers, from which next year, the third stage dryers will be torn off along the routes of the future map channels for the length corresponding to the design value, and in the winter time after freezing of the peat deposit is not less than 0.1 m, the gross channel is laid at the ends of the second-line driers, and between the gross canals and further drying is carried out in a similar order. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the desiccants are torn off along natural lines. Lamine dryers are brought to the design 5 surface slope. phage. 2