SU1710658A1 - Method of raising embankment from local accessible material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular, to a method for constructing stone and earth dams. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the work and reduce the cost of construction. When erecting a dam from local materials, the bottom rus 1 of the impervious filtering element of the dam is poured from the trench developed at its base with subsequent dumping of the lower prism 2 of the dam from the coarse soil and the top 3 of the impervious element. The lower cus 1 of the anti-filtration element is poured in the form of a top thrust prism with a lower slope corresponding to the natural slope of the material laid in it, and it is loaded with the soil laid in the lower prism 2. The upper layer of the anti-filtration element 3 is poured in the form of a screen with layers up to 4.0 m thick from the tailing waste stored in the tailing dump, which is washed up to the filling of each | Layer before the erected anti-filtration element of the dam. 4 il. ^

Description

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ABOUT

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The invention relates to hydraulic engineering construction and can be used in making dam embankments (primary, secondary and maps) when building up plots or the entire tailings store by alluvial or cardwash.

The purpose of the invention is to simplify the production of works and reduce the cost of construction.

Figure 1 shows the dam, a cross-section; figure 2 is a diagram of the filling of the lower rus of the impervious element; FIG. 3 shows a scheme for dumping the transition layer and the stop prism; in Fig.4 scheme dumping the upper russa of the impervious element.

The dam contains the lower rus 1 of the impervious element, made in the form of a high prism, the down prism 2 of coarse-grained soil and the upper rus 3 of the impervious element, made in the form of a screen. Between the coats of the impervious element and the resistant prism; The transition layer 4 can also be located at the base of the prism prism. The upper layer of the impervious element can be based not only on the crest of the lower layer of the impervious element, but also accumulated in front of it during the process of nursing the tailings pl 5 from the tailings.

The method is carried out as follows.

At the base of the lower prism of the dam, an excavator is developing a trench 6 with a depth of 1.0-2.5 m with the soil removed from it in the lower rus 1 of the dam impervious element, which is located along the upper edge of the slope of the trench under development (figure 2). The bottom of the anti-filtration element of the dam is poured to a height of 2.5-4.5 m with slopes corresponding to the natural slope of the soil laid in it.

If there is a plant layer at the base of the dam (in the case of dumping of the primary embankment dams), the latter should be removed beyond the base of the dam before the development of the said trench.

Then, transition layer 4 (Fig. 3) is poured onto the downstream slope of the dam’s anti-filtration element of the dam and onto the bottom of the developed trench if its device is needed to interface the soil of the dam with the filtering element and the base of the dam. After the dumping of the transition layer, the bottom prism 2 of coarse-grained soil is poured by an excavator.

If, to ensure the filtration stability of soils located on

contact with the lower prism, no transition layer device is required, then immediately after the lower tier of the impervious element is filled with an excavator, the lower prism of the dam is poured.

0 The material for the transfer of the transition layer and the lower prism is delivered to the excavator by road or rail. At the same time, the excavated trench is used as a tool for unloading from the vehicles used for dumping the transition layer and the lower prism of the material. If the material is delivered by railway transport — dumping turntables, then before starting work on filling the transition layer and the lower prism along the upper slope of the trench developed by the excavator, the railway

5 way.

The material unloaded from vehicles is excavated and placed in the transition layer and downstream prism. The dumping of the transition layer is made by the excavator forward and sideways in the direction of travel. In this case, the excavator moves along the surface of the transition layer previously poured along the bottom of the trench. The first section of the transition layer at the bottom of the trench

5 20-50 m long can be poured backwards in the course of movement with an excavator. The dumping of the lower prism is produced to the full height backwards as the excavator moves. Simultaneously with the dumping of the lower prism, backfilling of coarse-grained materials is also carried out.

ground developed at its base

trenches.,

Upper rus anti-filtration

The element is filled with an excavator or bulldozer in the form of a screen in one or two layers up to 4.0 m thick from the debris stored in the tailings storage (tailings), which are washed up to the dumping element of the dam before dumping of each layer.

Upper rus 3 with a height of up to 4.0 m can be poured immediately to the full height. In this case, after dumping the lower prism 2 by the hydraulic system of the plant in

Claims (1)

5, the process of filling the tailings is washed from the tailings of the flat 5, in front of the erected lower layer of the anti-filtration element of the dam. The specified pl w can be washed up to the level of the ridge of the lower russa of the filtering element or 0.0–1.0 m below this mark. Then the tails, washed in front of the lower light of the dam’s impervious element, are developed with a bulldozer or dragline excavator and moved to the upper rus 3 of the dam's impervious member (figure 4). It can be based not only on the crest of the lower rus of the anti-seepage element, but also on the ridge of tails washed in before it, the Upper rus 3 with a height of more than 4.0 m is filled with two layers (in two stages). Two layers can also be poured over the upper layer of the anti-filtration element of the dike 1.5-4.0 m in height. In these cases, after putting the anti-filtering element of the dike plia from the tailings in front of the lower layer, they are developed with a bulldozer or dragline excavator and moved to the first layer screen. Then, a further alluvium is made from the tailings in front of the erected impervious element of the dam. Plains are washed 0.0–1.0 m below the surface of the covered layer of the screen. Then the tails washed in before the first layer of the screen are developed with a bulldozer or with an excavator dragline and poured into the second layer of the screen (it is built up to the crest of the prism). Before dumping the upper rusa 3 of the anti-filtering dam element on the uphill slope of the lower prism, transition layer 4 can be filled in. The dumping is done in the traditional way - by delivering the transition layer material to the slope of the prism 2 by motor transport, followed by leveling it with a bulldozer, grader or excavator the planner. . The necessity of arranging the transition layer 4 between the streams of the dam impervious element and the lower prism 2, as well as at the base of the latter, is determined by a calculation that takes into account the specific features of the construction and operation of the dam, as well as the characteristics of the material of its lower prism, base and impervious element. In some areas of the uphill slope of the dam's anti-filtration element, in order to protect it from erosion (at the places where the pulp is discharged), a fastening device can be provided in the form of rip-off. Such mounting is arranged by delivery of a cross-section of a dam of a stone dam by motor transport to the slope with its subsequent leveling by a bulldozer, grader, excavator-scheduler. The invention The method of erecting a dam from local materials, including the development of a trench at the base of the lower dam prism with laying of the material removed from it into the lower rus of the dam’s impervious element, dumping of the lower prism and the upper rusa of the dam impervious element, characterized in that, in order to simplify the work and reducing the cost of construction, the lower rus of the anti-filtration element is poured in the form of a high mount prism with a lower slope corresponding to the natural slope the material laid in it is loaded with a pound laid into the bottom prism, and the upper layer of the anti-filtration element is poured in the form of a screen with layers of enrichment wastes stored in the tailing dump, which are washed to dump the layer in front of the anti-filtration element of the dam. :: :: ::: l :: ::: {l.F. . to ... .V.:. /: .. ..l-lh -.- l -: -: -.-: -: I. ,, .. -. , . ... ,,. "             "  " , one . / 2 --.-. ttggu - rdd. „YAH ) ... ..:. .-:.; - ... rt. ... -i |;. / ....., .. / g vv / 4X; V V v //. V-l ... ... y .. Mr. J & WITH  licked Р.Г.З 31 / / 2 / I -О - t - "-" - D-V