RU2224065C2 - Method of bank consolidation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering. SUBSTANCE: bank consolidation method for river with wide range of water level variations or gullied banks building by building of tiered prisms along consolidating bank part involves placing lover prism on river ground; filling gap between the prism and bank by fine soil, particularly by bank erosion products, which appear due to water erosion and precipitate into the gap as silt brought from above; building next prism above filled gap; performing prisms building in layer-by-layer process until bank height achievement. In the presence of gully within bank consolidating area prism of next layer is constructed with high speed which provides prism height exceeding adjoining slit debris cone height. EFFECT: increased efficiency due to reduced material consumption.

Description

 The invention relates to hydraulic engineering and can be used to create a stone coastal fastening mainly on rivers with large ranges of fluctuations in water levels and / or with banks rugged by ravines.

 There is a method of creating a stone coastal fastening, which consists in laying stone material on a pre-planned and leveled slope (Hydrotechnical structures. Designer guide, / under the general editorship of V.P. Nedrigi. M: Stroyizdat, 1983, p. 211-212).

 In the known method, the planning and leveling of the slope, as well as the laying and planning of the material, must be carried out along the entire fixed surface of the slope, which increases, especially in the presence of gullies, the volume of construction work, and the inevitable when planning the slope, a decrease in its stability against erosion leads to a shortening of the deadlines for these works - one flood period.

 There is also known a method of creating a stone coastal fastening, including the construction of prisms from stone material that are tiered along the fixed section of the shore of the reservoir, the lower of which is located at the bottom of the reservoir, and each subsequent higher prism is erected after filling the sinuses between the previous prism and the coast with fine skeleton soil and placed it is partly on the crest of the previous prism, and partly on the skeletal sinus ground (Hydrotechnical structures. Part 2. / Under the editorship of M.M. Grishin. M: Higher school, 1979, p.276).

 The disadvantage of this method is the low efficiency of work on creating coastal fastening due to the need to fill the sinuses completely with materials, the volumes of which are especially large if there are ravines within the fixed section of the shore.

 The technical result from the use of the invention is to increase the efficiency of work by reducing the expenditure of materials on the creation of shore fasteners.

 This technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the known method of creating a stone coastal fastening, including the construction of prisms of stone material, belt-mounted along the fixed section of the shore of the reservoir, the lower of which is located at the bottom of the reservoir, and each subsequent height prism is erected after filling with skeleton the sinus ground between the previous prism and the shore and place it partially on the crest of the previous prism, and partially on the skeletal sinus ground, according to the invention, the groove products have filled the reservoir waters shore erosion and surface runoff from a sinus precipitating in water precipitate as a sediment brought from above. If there is a gully within the fixed section of the coast at the place of formation in the sinus and at the mouth of the ravine of a “removal cone” from sediment brought along the ravine by surface runoff, the next tier prism is erected with an intensity that increases the prism crest above the sediment surface adjacent to it along banks at marks not flooded by the water of the river (above the anchorage) perform a spillway with a discharge part within the fixed section of the shore, and a dam is erected from coarse-grained soil at the mouth of the ravine, which the uyu are located on the sediments of the “blow-out cone,” while its discharge part is mated with a ravine.

 The main distinguishing feature of the proposed method is the filling of the sinus with the products of erosion of the shore by the waters of the reservoir and surface runoff falling into the sinuses from the water into sediment in the form of sediment brought from above. This allows you to fill the sinuses in a natural way without additional labor and without the use of imported materials, and in the case of a ravine, also naturally transfer it to a hollow over time.

The proposed method is illustrated by drawings, which depict:
- figure 1 is a plan of a fixed area at an intermediate stage of creating a stone coastal fastening;
- figure 2 is a section aa in figure 1;
- figure 3 is a section bB in figure 1.

 First, at the cliff 1 (Fig. 1) of the eroded bank 2 of the river 3 at its bottom 4 (Fig. 2) and near the ridge 5 of the low-level 6 along the bank 2, a prism 7 of the first tier is erected from the stone outline with the formation of a sinus 8 between prism 7 and the bank 2. Sinuses 8 are naturally filled with erosion products of the shore 2, which precipitate in the sinuses 8 from the water into sediment in the form of small-skeletal sediments 9, brought from above by the waters of the river 3 at its high levels 10 and by the waters of the surface runoff, draining along the cliff 1. After that, they erect prism 11 of the second tier with the formation of the sinus 12. When Zmu 11 is located partially on the crest of the underlying prism 7, and partially on sediment 9. Similarly, after filling with sediments 9, the sinuses 12 erect the prism 13 of the third tier with the formation of the sinus 14 (in Fig. 2, the prism 13 is shown with a dashed line). In the process of filling the sinuses 8, 12 and 14 with sediments 9, the surface of the cliff 1 deforms from its position of the initial 1n to the final 1k.

 After filling the sinus 14 with sediments 9, the bank 2 is leveled to a predetermined surface 15 (the dotted line is shown in FIGS. 2 and 3) and a fourth tier prism is erected in the form of a stone-rock mount 16 of the slope 17 in the zone of high water levels 10 in river 3.

 When creating a coastal fastening by means of transitional sand and gravel layers 18, prisms 7, 11 and 13 are separated from sediments 9, and the rock-and-rock fastening 16 is separated from the slope material 17.

 At the place of formation in the sinuses 8, 12 and 14 and at the mouth 19 of the ravine 20, a “removal cone” 21 from sediment 9 brought from above by the surface runoff along the ravine 20, prisms 7, 11 and 13 of the tiers I, II, III, respectively, are erected on time and with the intensity that ensures that the crest of the prism above the adjoining surface of the sediment 9 "removal cone" 21.

 A catchment ditch 22 is carried out along shore 2 at marks 3 not flooded by the water of the river, which, through its spillway 23, is mated to a ravine 20. After filling the sinus 14 with sediments 9 of the “removal cone” 21 at the mouth 19 of the ravine 20 from coarse-grained soil (fine stone, gravel and others) erect a filtering carpenter 24, which is placed on these sediments 9 (figure 3).

 Timely erection of prisms 7, 11 and 13 almost completely prevents the removal of products of erosion of the bank 2 into the channel of the river 3, which eventually leads to the complete cessation of the erosion of the bank 2. At the same time, the cost of creating a fastener is substantially transferred for a long period of many years. At the same time, the ravine is eliminated by transforming the ravine into a hollow with naturally laid sides in the process of filling the ravine with erosion products, the removal of which from the ravine is prevented by a filter dam 24.

Claims (5)

1. A method of creating a stone coastal mount, comprising erecting prisms from stone material that are tiered along a fixed portion of the shore of the reservoir, the lower of which is located at the bottom of the reservoir, and each subsequent higher prism is erected after filling the sinuses between the previous prism and the coast with fine skeleton soil and placed it is partly on the crest of the previous prism, and partly on small skeletal soil, characterized in that the sinus is filled with the products of erosion of the shore by the waters of the reservoir and surface runoff , Precipitating bosom of the water in the precipitate in the form of top-borne sediment. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that if there is a ravine within the fixed section of the shore at the place of formation in the bosom and at the mouth of the ravine a “removal cone” from sediment brought along the ravine by surface runoff, the prism of the next tier is erected with intensity , ensuring the excess of the crest of the prism over the adjacent surface of the sediment. 3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that along the coast at marks that are not flooded by the water of the river, a drainage ditch is made with a discharge part within the fixed section of the coast. 4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that at the mouth of the ravine from the coarse-grained soil a dam is erected, which is placed on the sediment of the “removal cone”. 5. The method according to claims 2 and 3, characterized in that the drainage ditch by means of its discharge part is mated with a ravine.

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