SU1709944A1 - Berry collection method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to methods for mechanized removal. The goal of the breach is to increase the efficiency of the pickup year. During the mechanized removal of the year from shrub plants to the branches in the transverse direction from the axis of the row, a working body (PO) is installed on both sides of the axis given away. In the process of moving the PO from the axis of the row in the direction between the spaces, the acceleration of its movement is greater than in the opposite direction. The maximum difference between the accelerators and the research institutes is created in the region of the greatest distance of the RO in the direction between the rows. Accelerations of forward and reverse RP in this area have the same direction. With this nature of the impact of the RO on the branches, the concentration of the bulk zone for a year away from the base of the bushes and their directed flight towards the aisles occurs. This increases the collection year. 5 or more

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular, to methods of mechanized removal of suitable shrubs.

The aim of the invention is to increase the removal rate of the year.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the working body of the harvesting machine that implements the proposed method, top view; in fig. 2 - the same. side view; in fig. 3 is a graph of the law of transverse movement (S) of a pair of finger sections; in fig. 4 is a graph of linear velocity variation (V); in fig. 5, a graph of the change in tangential accelerations (W) of a pair of finger sections over a full cycle of movement.

The working body of the hay harvesting machine (Figs. 1 and 2) consists, for example, of two vertical finger-jointed sections 1 and 2 with scourges 3. 4 machines arranged along the axis, which perform common-mode torsional vibrations around their axes 5 and 6, respectively, moving from axis 4 and to it. The position of the finger sections closest to the axis 4 is shown by a solid line in FIG. 1, the outermost is the hatch. In this case, the branches 7. located in the channel between sections 1 and 2. are alternately affected by section 1 (when it moves to axis 4) and section 2 (when moving from axis 4). FIG. 3-5 shows a complete cycle of movement for one revolution of the drive shaft (rotation angle o: from 0 to 360 °). In this case, the solid line represents the graph of the change in kinematic parameters (S, V and W) of an arbitrary point 8 of the scourge 3 of section 2, which is in active contact with the branches of 7 plants when the section moves from the row axis (phase of removal from 0 to 180 °) and also graphs of the nature of the kinematic parameters of the corresponding point 9 of the scourge 3 of section 1, which is in active contact with the branches when it moves to the axis of a row of plants (return phase from 180 to 360 °). The dashed line, respectively, shows the graphs of the nature of the change in the kinematic parameters of the point of the scourge, which is not in active contact with the branches in both phases of the movement of the finger sections 1 and 2.

The method is implemented as follows.

at the initial moment of movement of section 2 from the plant row closest to the axis 4 of the plant, sideways between the pests 3, section 2 have accelerations greater than the acceleration of the pests 3 of section 1. When moving from the axis of the row of plants, this difference of accelerations is reduced to zero (areas ab ia in Fig. 5). At the same time, the whips 3 of section 1 have a moving speed greater than the speed of the scourge 3 of section 2 (section hell, fig. 4) having active contact with the branches 7. On the section gh of the curves gh, the speed of the scourge 3 of section 2 exceeds the speed of the scourge 3 of section 1 , moreover, at points b and b, the magnitudes of the velocities reach a maximum. At this point in time, the magnitude of the kinetic energy of the mass of the branches 7 also reaches a maximum. Upon further movement, the acceleration of the scourge 3 changes its direction (point b, fig. 5), as a result of which their speed decreases (the segment be and b in Fig. 4) to zero at point c. Thus, with a significant kinetic energy of the branches 7, the tool is braked due to an increase in the magnitude of the acceleration directed against the direction of movement of the flail section. The pest sections reach their maximum distance from the axis of the row of plants (point c in Fig. 3-5). The magnitude of the acceleration of the scourges of section 2 reaches a maximum at which the inertia force acting on each fruit system of the year and the direction opposite to the acceleration has the greatest value. This causes an effective separation of the year and their flight in the direction of the acting inertia force from the axis of the row.

In the position of the greatest removal of the whip section, the pests of section 1 enter into active contact with the branches 7. The acceleration magnitude

The scourges directly affecting the branches become significantly smaller (the difference of the ordinates of the points c and d in Fig. 5) while maintaining the direction of this acceleration.

Accordingly, the direction of inertial force remains the same. The tearing-off year in the initial part of the reverse movement also occurs in the direction of the inertia force. Reverse phase

0 occurs when exposed to the working body, much less intense than the impact from the axis of the p and the plant (areas of solid lines of the curves of speed and acceleration def, Fig. 4 and 5).

5 The intensity of the impact in the reverse part of the movement is insufficient to create conditions for the separation of the main mass of the year. .

In the region of the completion of the full cycle of oscillations (points a and f, fig. 3-5)

0 sections 1 and 2, the absolute values of their accelerations, as well as their difference (segments ff а а, fig. 5) are substantially less than the corresponding values of accelerations and their difference (segment cd, fig 5) in the position of the greatest distance from the axis of the row (point This, Fig. 3), which allows minimizing the separation of the year from the branches in the zone close to the central longitudinal axis 4, and avoiding spilling the year into the zone of the bases of the bushes.

Thus, the described method of harvesting a year makes it possible to concentrate the zone of their separation in the region of the greatest removal of the working organ from the axis of the row, which, ultimately, allows increasing the efficiency of removal of the year.

The use of this method of harvesting year on plantations of black currant, sold by a combine of the MPN-1A type, gives an increase in the collection year by 4-5%.

Claims (1)

Claims. The method of gathering year, which includes the impact on a number of plants in phase with the vibrating finger-shaped sections of the worker 5 of an organ by communicating them with branches of transverse movement with an acceleration from the axis of the row of plants larger than the axis of the row, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, as a working section 0 organs use a pair of combs fixed on parallel shafts, and when exposed to plants they create an acceleration of movement in the absolute value close to the axis of the row of plants of the comb more accelerate the movement of the other comb of the pair, and provide the maximum difference between the accelerations in absolute value from row axis and the position of the dies. FIG. i 2, .  . ™ jj.-ji: ™ .i ™ ,.  r-f-v - :: -i ilfci i IQ.: .., i rX IS. Hi : .. J - -i / -sch - If- % Si Fi.o