SU1709369A1 - Device for training operators - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to automation and computing and can be used in assessing the professional competence of operators. In order to expand the didactic capabilities of the device containing the first pulse shaper, the switch, the OR element, the comparison unit, the second and third pulse shapers, the shaper of the codes (Morse code characters), the first generator, the register, the response input block, the second and third generators, a key, an electroacoustic transducer and an indicator, a single vibrator, a delay element, a prohibition element, a memory element and a fourth pulse shaper are introduced. The device increases the number of characters worked out during training and reduces the time it takes to inculcate the necessary skills. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to automation and computing and can be used in assessing the professional suitability of operators.

A device for training operators is known, comprising a code generator, a memory register, a control unit, a clock pulse generator, a character element comparison unit, a time stamp generator, two differentiation elements, an audio frequency generator, an analog key, headphones, a key, a single pulse generator, and OR scheme.

However, this device has inadequate didactic possibilities, since it does not allow one to isolate easily and difficultly reproducible signs.

The closest to the present invention is a device for training operators, containing successively

connected switch, single pulse generator, OR element, code driver, memory register, the second input of which is connected to the output of the clock generator, and the third and fourth black inputs to the first and second outputs of the control unit, respectively, an analog key, the second input of which connected to the output of the audio frequency generator, and - headphones. and a serially connected key, the first differentiation element, a unit for comparing character elements, the second input of which is connected via the second differentiation element to the output of the memory register, the third input to the output of the time stamp generator, the second output to the second input of the OR element, the output of which is connected first the input of the control unit, the second input of which is connected with the first output of the unit for comparing the elements of characters, the unit

repeats analysis, the second inputs of which are connected to the corresponding second outputs of the code generator, and the indicator.

However, this device has a monotomy, i.e. one and the same stimulus (sign) can appear ten times (a hardly reproducible sign), which causes a decrease in attention and extinction of positive working motivation, and consequently, reduces the didactic capabilities of the device.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the didactic capabilities of the simulator by providing high attention and positive motivations by regulating the number of cycles, reducing the presentation of the sternly reproducible signs in one cycle up to four times and increasing the number of processed symbols in the training session by eliminating reproducible and introducing new signs: Delivered The goal is achieved by the fact that in the device for training the operators, containing the first pulse shaper, the input of which is connected to the output of a switch and an output with the first input of the OR element, the second input of which is connected to one output of the comparison unit, the other output of which is connected to the first inputs of the second pulse generator and the third pulse generator, the inputs of which group are connected to the corresponding outputs of one code generator group, the first generator The output of which is connected to the clock input of the register, the control input and the sync input of which are connected respectively to the first and second outputs of the second pulse generator, the group inputs to The corresponding outputs of the other GROUP of the code generator, the response input unit, the second generator, the outputs of which are connected by the first and second inputs of the comparison unit, the key, one input of which is connected to the output of the third generator, and the output to the input of the electroacoustic converter, and the indicator, have a one-shot whose input is connected to the output of the third pulse driver, and the output is connected to the Third input of the OR element and the second input of the second pulse driver, the delay element, the KOTqporo input is connected to the output element OR, and bp - to the input of the code generator and the third input of the second pulse generator, the prohibition element, whose information input is connected to one of the register outputs, and the output to another key input and the third input of the comparison unit, memory element, whose information inputs connected to the corresponding outputs of the register, the setup input to the second output of the second pulse shaper, and the output to the input of the first generator, and the fourth pulse shaper, the first, second and third inputs of which are connected respectively Respectively with the output of the OR element, one of the outputs of one group of the code generator and the switch output, the first output is with the second input of the third pulse generator, and the second output is about the control input of the prohibition element and the indicator input.

The drawing shows a functional diagram of the device ..

The device for training the operators contains the shaper 1 codes (characters

Morse code), register 2, driver 3

pulses (control), generator 4 (clock pulses), block 5 comparison (sign elements), generator 6 (time stamps),

pulse shaper 7 (for setting

the number of characters), shaper 8 pulses (for repeating analysis), first and second differentiation elements 9 and 10, 1T generator (audio frequency), key 12, electroacoustic converter 13. key

.14, prohibition element 15, one-shot 16, element OR 17, delay element 18, pulse shaper 19 (single), switch 20 (no start switch), Memory element 21 (to turn the generator 4 on and off).

Shaper 1 contains a counter-de-. encoder 22, switch 23i-238 and encoder 24.

Shaper 3 includes item

OR 25, the first, second and third elements 26, 27 and 28 of the delay and the element 29 of the ban. Block 5 contains a node 30 estimated 11 reference marks, node 31 evaluation of responses and fixing the end of the mark, circular reversible

counters 321-329 and an element of IL AND 33.

The imaging unit 7 includes the element And 34, the counter 35 (with preset), the imager 36 short pulses, the element 37 of the ban and the trigger 38.

/ Shaper 8 contains counters

391-398, elements And 40i-40a, indicators

411-418 presence of errors and the element OR 42.

Memory element 21 has trigger 43,

shaper 44 short pulse (one-shot with potential input) and the element 45 IL W-HE (three-input).

 Element9 and key 14 are combined in block 46 input answers.

The device also contains /.npi| at 47,

The device works as follows. .

Previously, the supervisor (trained) by the counter 35 sets the number of cycles (repetitions of the correctly reproduced mark), and by the switches 23 sets the marks that must be processed during the training. Turns on the power. The counters and recorders are reset. A single potential from the output of element 45 triggers shaper 44. A short pulse from its output, applied to the input of trigger 43, provides a zero potential at its output, which prevents the generator 4 from turning on.

The learner presses the switch 20. The signal from its output is fed to the input of the imaging device 19 and to the input of the trigger 38, the zero potential from the output of which is applied to the input of the Stop indicator and the prohibiting input of the element 15. A single pulse from the output of the imaging device 19 through the element IL 17 goes to the element And 34 and the input element 18. The delayed pulse from the output element 18 is fed to the input of the counter-decoder 22, causes the appearance of a single potential at its output. This potential is fed to the input of the element 40i and through the switch 23i to the corresponding input of the encoder 24, providing at its outputs a Morse code sign in the form of a binary formalized number, in which the point corresponds to 1, the dash is 111, and the pause between the elements of the sign is O .

At the same time, the pulse from the output of element 18 is fed to the input of the element OR 25 and, the passage through the delay element 26, enters the input to the register 2, has transferred the latter to parallel recording mode, and the passage through the delay element 27 enters the register 2, ensuring parallel recording it has the sign from the outputs of the encoder 24 and to the input of the trigger 43, transferring the latter to a single position. A single potential from the output of the trigger 43 starts the generator 4.

The clock pulses from the output of the generator 4 to the input of the register 2 produce a sequential extension of the binary sign combination from its output to the information input of the prohibition element 15. The code combination from the output of the element 15 is fed to the control input of the key 12, ensuring the passage of the audio frequency from the outputs of the generator 11 to the converter 13, which reproduces the sound image of the sign of the Morse code.

The binary sign combination from the output of element 15 also enters the input of element 10, ensuring the formation at its output of positive pulses along the leading and trailing edges of the elements of the sign (dot, dash). These pulses are fed to the input of block 5, in which the duration of each element of the reference mark is evaluated.

The first pulse received at the input of the node 30, ensures the passage of time stamps supplied from the generator 6 to the second input from the first output to the summing input of the reversible counter 321.

The second pulse received at the input of the node 30, stops the filing of timestamps with its first output and ensures their passage from the second output to the summing input of the counter 322.

The number of time stamps arriving at the inputs of the respective counters 32 is determined by the duration of the elements of the sign maker 1.

Upon receipt of the next (second) sign element to the input of the node 30, the submission of time marks from its second output stops and they are passed from the third output to the input of the counter 323, etc. In addition, each odd pulse arriving at the input of node 30 determines the beginning of the arrival of the reference mark element and the end of the pause formation, and each even pulse indicates the end of the arrival of the reference sign element and the beginning of the pause formation.

At the end of the presentation of the reference mark, when zeroes appear on the three last outputs of register 2, a single potential appears at the output of the OR-NE 45 element, which affects the input of the imaging unit 44. A short pulse from the output of the imaging unit 44 triggers the trigger 43 to the zero position, turning off generator 4. The clock feed to the input of register 2 is transformed.

Having listened to the sound image of the presented reference mark, the student with the help of the key 14 reproduces the era. Formed elements of the sign from the output of the key 14 are fed to the input element 9, ensuring the formation at its output of positive pulses on the front and rear edges. These impulses are fed to the input of block 5, in which each element of the transmitted character is estimated by its duration and simultaneously compared with the corresponding elements of the reference sign.

The first impulse received at the input of the node 31 ensures the passage of time marks coming from the generator 6 to its input, from the first output to the subtracting input of the reversible counter 32 /. The second impulse arriving at the input of node 31 stops supplying time marks from its first output and ensures their passage from the second output to the subtracting input of counter 322. When the next element of the sign arrives, the process repeats as described above, If the number of time marks (imguls) received on the subtracting input of the counter 32, is equal to, more or less by. unit of the number of labels received at the summing input (the error in this element does not exceed the permissible limits), then the output of counter 32 Appears a single potential that through the element OR 33 enters the input of the unit 31. If the number of time marks received at the subtracting input Since the counter 32 is larger or smaller (by two) in the number of labels received at the summing input (the error exceeds the permissible limits), then the zero potential at the output of the counter 32 does not change. At the end of the sign transfer in node 31, a pulse of the end of the sign appears (at the third output). .:.; .. If there is a unit potential at the third input of the node 31, then at the second output of block 5 there appears a pulse that arrives at the input of the element OR 17 and ensures the presentation of the next sign. . If there is a zero potential at the third input of the node 31, then a pulse appears at the output of block 5, which is fed to the input of the imaging unit 3 and provides repeated presentation of the sign. The same impulse arrives at the second inputs of the elements AND 40. At the first input of the element AND 40i there is a single potential, therefore, an impulse appears at its output, which enters the input of the counter 39i and detects an error. The overflow impulse from the first output of the counter 391 illuminates the indicator 41 ь indicating the repeated presentation of the first character. The impulse of the end of the sign returns the counters of nodes 30 and 31 and the reversible counters 32 to the initial position of the Elk, the student again makes a mistake when re-playing the sign, then it is also recorded in the counter 39i. At the third repetition of the same character of the same character, the counter 39 overflows, and the pulse of its second output through the OR element 42 enters the input of the one-shot 16. The output pulse of the one-shot 16 arrives at the inhibitory input of the element 29 and prevents the pulse of the input of the element 25 from passing from the output of block 5 to the delay element 28, i.e. prevents re-submission. At the same time, the pulse from the output of the one-shot 16 through the OR element 17 is fed to the input of the delay element 18 and to the input of the AND 34 element, but does not go further, since there is zero potential at its second input. The delayed output pulse of the element 18 is fed to the input of the imaging unit 3 and to the input of the imaging unit 1, ensuring that the trainee is presented with the following sign. If the learner reproduces correctly the last eighth sign of the first cycle, then the pulse from the output of block 5 through the element OR 17 and the element 34, to the second input of which from the eighth output of the counter-decoder 22 A single potential is applied, enters the input of the counter 35. fixing the end of the cycle, and to the input of the imager 36, a short pulse from the output of which is fed to the information input of the element 37 of the ban. If the controller on the counter 35 is set to the first position (clearing the results after the first cycle), then an overflow pulse appears at the output of the counter 35, which goes to the inhibitory input element 37 and to the input of the trigger 38, providing the output unit potential. This potential is applied to the input of the indicator 47 (the Stop light illuminates) and to the prohibitory input of the element 15, prohibiting the pro. Since a sign potential output from the output of the register 2 is passed. Since there is a unit potential at the prohibiting input of the element 37, the pulse c from the driver 36 does not pass to the output of the element 37. If the last character of the cycle the student recognizes incorrectly four times, then the output of the one-shot 16 appears to be a pulse that enters the input of the Zina generator, the input of the element 17 OR, and similarly to the above, fixes the end of the first cycle. Indicators 41 and counters 39 determine correctly reproduced signs. ki, hardly reproducible (four repetitions) and medium difficulty (one, two and three repetitions). In the next cycle, the characters reproduced correctly in the previous cycle are excluded. If the controller on the counter 35 is set to the second position (the results of the reproduction of the characters must be removed after two cycles), then after the first cycle

There is no pulse at the output of the counter 35, a zero potential is applied to the inhibiting input of the element 37. A short pulse from the output of the imager 36 passes through the element 37 3anpei; a and arrives at the second inputs of the counters 39, setting them to the initial state. The indicators 41 that are incorrectly reproduced in the first cycle of the characters continue to glow.

The delayed pulse from the output of element 18 is fed to the input of the imaging unit 3 and the input of the imaging unit 1, providing a presentation for identifying and reproducing the first character in the second cycle.

The operation of the device in the second cycle is similar to the operation of the first cycle.

At the end of the cycle, the correct reproduction of the signs is replaced by others and continues to workout.

The use of the invention in the training of operators allows regulating the number of cycles from one to several, for example, five, depending on the preparedness of the trainees, to reduce the number of repetitions (in this device to four) of hard-to-reproduce characters in the cycle, since the increase in the number of repetitions of the same the same sign more than five times a job causes a decrease in attention and the appearance of negative emotions in a timely manner, exclude from the training program signs that are reproduced accurately, and include new ones, which ensures that wounded high attention and positive working motivations. This expands the didactic capabilities of the device and provides an opportunity to increase the number of characters worked out during the training process, increase the effectiveness of the training and reduce the time for training the necessary skills to the students.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A device for training the operators, containing the first pulse shaper, whose input is connected to the output of the switch, and the output to the first input of the OR element, the second input of which is connected to one OUTPUT of the comparison unit, another output of which is connected to the first inputs of the second pulse generator and the third pulse generator, the inputs of which group are connected to the corresponding outputs of one group of the code generator, the first generator, the output of which is connected to the clock input of the register, the control input and sync input of which are connected respectively to the first and second outputs of the second pulse driver, the group inputs to the corresponding outputs of another code generator group, the response input unit, the second generator, the outputs of which are connected respectively to the first and second inputs of the comparison unit, one input of which is connected to the output of the third generator, and the output - to the input of the electroacoustic converter, and the indicator differs from the fact that, in order to expand the didactic capabilities of the device, a single vibrator is introduced into it, the input of which is connected to the output of the third pulse shaper and an output - to the third input the OR element and the second input of the second pulse generator, the delay element whose input is connected to the output of the OR element, and the output to the input of the code generator and the third input of the second pulse shaper, the prohibition element whose information input is connected to one of the register outputs, and the output with another key input and the third input of the comparison unit, the memory element, informational inputs of which are connected to the corresponding outputs of the register, the setup input to the second output of the second pulse shaper, and the output to the input of the first generator, and the fourth pulse shaper, the first to third inputs of which are connected respectively to the output of the OR element, one of the outputs of the same shaper group the codes and the output of the switch, the first output with the second input of the third form of the pulse pulse, and the second output with the control input of the prohibition element and the input of the indicator.