SU1703776A1 - Dam built of swelling soil materials - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to hydraulic engineering. The aim of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of protection against deformations of the frost heave and local suffusion of soil removal from the lower slope, reducing the need for scarce bulk materials. The inclined element 3 is placed near the depression curve 6. The upper visor 4 is wrapped in the roll material 7. The inverse filters 8 of the protective clothing of the upper slope are placed below the ground depth of frost penetration. ov repose. Downstream tooth 5 from the side of the drainage 2 is placed on the film material 9. 2 Il.

Description

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The invention relates to hydraulic construction and can be used in the construction of earth dams with a shortage of materials for draining.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the effectiveness of protection against deformations of the frost heave and local suffusion of the bottom slope of the soil, reducing the need for scarce bulk materials,

FIG. 1 shows a soil dam with a sloped anti-filtration element, a cross-section; in fig. 2 - the same, with the variant of the anti-filtration element of the broken outline, cross section.

The dam 1 of soil materials has a diversion drain 2, a sloping antifiltration element 3 with a canopy A and a bottom tooth 5. Inclined antifiltration element 3 is located near the depression curve 6. The canopy 4 is additionally wrapped with a roll of material 7 covering it from two sides and passing under the inverse filters 8 protective clothing of the upper slope, located below the depth of freezing of soils of the upper slope. In the lower part of the inclined impervious element 3 from the side of the drainage 2 is located the rolled film material 9.

A dam of soil materials works as follows.

When water is filtered through the body of the dam 1, the depression curve is set at a free-flow filtration section — from the water edge to the lower edge of the inclined anti-filtration element 3. On the pressure filtration section, from the intersection point of the depression curve b to the lower edge of the inclined anti-filtration element and to tooth 5 — the filtration flow from above limited by the position of the inclined anti-filtration element 3, which is experiencing pressure gradients. The absence of filtration flow in the area of the dam 1 between the lower slope and the inclined anti-filtration element 3 protects the soil of the lower slope from deformations of the frost heave and local suffusion vypor. The upper visor 4 of the inclined anti-filter element 3 is set aside to the ridge of dam 1 by the amount of wave rolling height on the slope and protects the dam from water ingress into the reservoir in the space above the inclined anti-filtration element, keeping the soil in a natural state

humidity. In case of violation of the operation of the inverse filters and the covering of the upper slope, the visor 4 is protected from suffusion by the film roll material 7, and

Chipping avoiding the freezing of the upper slope is located below the freezing depth of the upper slope soils. In the lower part of the dam, the inclined anti-filtration element 3 near the outlet drainage 2 is provided with a roll film material 9 below that protects it from erosion (suffusion) during intensive work of drainage 2 and from the effects of hydraulic pressure gradients

5 increase with partial discharge of drainage drain 2 from the system. Protection of the lower end of the inclined anti-filtration element 3 roll film material 9 ensures reliable operation

0 dam 1 and causes the refusal to thicken the inclined antifiltration element 3, simplifying the work. The inclined anti-filtration element 3 is located below the depth of the freezing 5 of the soils of the zone of the lower slope of the dam 1, which ensures its protection from heaving. Thus, the proposed dam of soil materials due to the presence of inclined impervious

Claims (1)

0 of element 3 is provided with protection against deformations of the frost heave and local suffusion of the bottom slope of the soil, reduces the need for scarce rash and stone materials, and the design of the high visor 4 with the film roll material 7 and the bottom end of the inclined anti-filtration element with the roll film material 9 provide reliable protection performance under extreme operating conditions. The invention of the dam of heaving soil materials, including protective clothing of the vertical slope and diversion drainage, is characterized in that, in order to increase the effectiveness of protection against deformations of the frost heave and local diffusion of the bottom slope, 0 needs for scarce bulk materials, it additionally contains an anti-filtration element installed with a slope in the downstream direction, consisting of a clay material and made 5 in the upper part according to the shape of the depression curve corresponding to the maximum head, and the upper end of the filtration element is placed undeveloped under the water level, located under the protective clothing of the upper slope and additionally enclosed between layers of the roll film material, and its downstream end is laid on the roll film material, covering the drainage from the lower slope and lower reach, and covered with a layer of soil of the lower slope of the dam not less than the depth of its freezing, five FIG. 2