SU1427027A1 - Earth dam - Google Patents

Description

(21) 4215798 / 29-15

(22) 03/25/87

(46) 09/30/88, Bull. Number 36

(71) Ukrainian branch of the All-Union Design and Research and Research Institute Hydroproject them. S.Ya.Zhuk

(72) V.A. Osadchuk, L.S.Svashenko and G.V.Raskin

(53) 627.824 (088.8)

(56) Grishin MM Hydraulic engineering structures. M .: 1962, p. 345, ris.13-27.

USSR Author's Certificate No. 11J4727, cl. E 02 B 7/06, 1984.

(54) DAM OF GROUND MATERIALS

(57) The invention relates to hydraulic construction and can be used in the construction of dams and dams, subject to regular rapid and significant fluctuations in the water level in water bodies. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and stability of the dam, reducing the cost of the screen and the protective coating of the dam with regular rapid fluctuations of the water level in the reservoir. The dam of soil materials includes a screen 2 and a protective rock fill coating 4. Screen 2 in the dam is made of individual prisms, which are pulled down one above the other to form a stepped structure with horizontal berms 5. The protective coating, made of unsorted rock mass, is laid on Berms of the upper surface of the screen by layer of crushed rubble. In order to protect the ground screen from freezing during the construction period, the surface of the embankment-S dew from the rock mass is covered with a layer of 8 dumps of mainly sandy soils. The height of the prisms is assumed to be equal to the calculated thickness of the screen, and their width on the outer and inner surfaces of the screen is 2-3 times the thickness of the screen. 2 hp f-ly, 1 ill.

7 7

The invention relates to hydrotechnical construction and can be used in the construction of dams and dams, subject to continuous, rapid and significant fluctuations in the level of water in reservoirs.

The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability and stability and reduce the cost of the screen and the protective coating of the dam at regular rapid fluctuations of the water level in the reservoir.

The drawing schematically shows a dam, a cross-section.

The dam includes the body 1 and the anti-filtration screen 2, made of separate horizontal prisms,; one above the other: And forming the top construction of Verkhov 3, the surface of the screen is protected by covering 4 of rock mass laid on the berms 5 and the end slopes 6 of the outer surface of the screen with a device: 7), on the surface of the protective coating 4 of the rock mass, a heat-insulating layer of 8 dumped, mainly sandy soils is laid to protect the ground screen from freezing during the construction period.

During operation, due to repeated fluctuations of the water level in the reservoir and the impact of wind waves, the clay-like and clay soils of the heat-insulating layer are washed out, and sand particles together with small fractions of the rock mass are deposited on the screen surface, forming a natural reverse filter.

The dam works as follows:

30MiWhen the water level in the reservoir decreases rapidly due to the high permeability of the rock mass, a rapid outflow of water from it occurs, as a result of which the water level in the reservoir and the protective coating decreases almost simultaneously, which eliminates hydrodynamic loads on the coating. The absence of these loads, as well as the placement of the coating, mainly on the horizontal berms of the screen surface, increase the resistance of the coating against sliding on the screen. The stepped inner surface of the screen contributes to its stability against sliding along the dam side.

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B. The winter period of operation as a result of frequent fluctuations in the water level in the reservoir on the upper part of the dam slope forms a constant frost, the stability of which up to springtime is ensured both by horizontal berms on the surface of the rock-covering protective coating and by continuous icing of the upper zone of the rock mass in the upper parts of the escarpment. Increased frost resistance eliminates the possibility of its sliding down the slope and damaging the protective coating of the dam.

Protection of the ground screen from freezing during winter operation is carried out by a natural sand filter from the temporary insulation layer and mountain fines deposited on the screen surface, and in the upper part of the slope also by frost, as well as by the icy mountain mount.

Claims (3)

1. A dam of ground materials, 40 floors, including a screen and a protective cover, a menstrual cover, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, stability and reduce the cost of the screen and a protective cover of the dam with regular rapid fluctuations of the water level in the pond. , the screen is made of individual prisms that are pulled down one above the other and form a stepped design with a horizontal berm, and the protective coating is made of an unsorted rock mass and laid on the berms of the upper surface of the screen along the trunk layer Foot rubble, - 2. The dam according to claim 1, I differ from the fact that, in order to protect the ground screen from freezing during the construction period, the surface of the draft of the rock mass is covered 25 thirty 35 45 50 55 31D27027 a layer of dumps, mainly the sand from which the screen is made, is equal to the initial, soil grating thickness of the crane, and the berth width 3. The dam according to Clause 1, is distinguished on the outer and inner surfaces so that the height of the prisms, mx of the screen is 2-3 times the thickness of the screen.