SU1696137A1 - Automatic casting line for making castings in detachable magnetic molds - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to foundry. The purpose of the invention is to reduce operating costs by reducing magnetizing devices and current-carrying elements, as well as electricity. The line contains located along a closed technological cycle on three longitudinal parallel branches x 1-3 roller tables, one 3 of which are cooling, and two branches perpendicular to them x 4 and 5 roller tables, automatic molding machines 9 and 8 of the upper and lower half-forms, collector of 12 magnetic forms , a steamer of 16 cast forms, transborders 19-22, tilters 17 and 18 flasks and trolls 24. On the cooling branch 3 there are units 14 for removing the upper one and units 15 for removing the lower magnetizers connected to the corresponding molding machines. Omata transverse legs of the roller tables 6 and 7. The return branch 7 of the lower magnetizers is located above the longitudinal branches 1–3 of the roller tables and has a turning device 23 for flipping the lower magnetizers. Trolleys 24 are located along the longitudinal branches 1, 2, 3 of the roller tables from the molding machines 9 and 8 of the upper and lower half-molds and up to the unit 14 for removing the upper magnetizing device. 2 Il. with

Description

The invention relates to foundry, in particular to automatic lines for the manufacture of castings in magnetic demountable forms.

Known automatic casting line for the manufacture of castings in magnetic demountable molds, containing located along a closed technological cycle on three longitudinal parallel, one of which is cooling, and two perpendicular to them branches of the drive roller tables molding machines of the upper and lower half-molds, mold collector, mold steamer, transborders , tilters of flasks and trolls.

In this line, the magnetizing devices of the forms move in all sections of the line, which requires an increased number of them. Over a considerable length of the line - from molding machines to a steamer of cast molds - current-carrying elements are placed - trolleys, which leads to their increased consumption. Magnetizing devices are in an on state, a significant way from molding machines to a mold steamer, which increases energy consumption, and they do not do useful work on the way from mold steamers to molding machines, which leads to their irrational use. The durability of the insulation of the coil of magnetizing devices is reduced due to its increased heating by the heat of the cooling casting. The length of the line and the area occupied by it are increased due to the fact that on the cooling branch the castings are in magnetizing devices, the dimensions of which significantly exceed the dimensions of the castings.

These shortcomings lead to increased operating costs.

The aim of the invention is to reduce operating costs by reducing the number of magnetizing devices and hokopodvodnyh elements, as well as electricity,

This goal is achieved by the fact that the line is equipped with aggregates located on the cooling line for removing the upper and lower magnetizing devices, connected to the corresponding molding machines by the transverse branches of the roller conveyors, while the return branch of the lower magnetizing devices is placed above the longitudinal branches of the roller conveyors and equipped with a tilter for flipping the lower magnetizing devices , and trolleys are placed along the branches of the roller conveyors from the molding machines of the upper and lower half-forms to the unit for removal of the upper magnetizing device.

In FIG. 1 shows an automatic casting line, top view: in FIG. 2 is the magnetic form used on the line.

The line contains three longitudinal 1-3 branches of live rolls, one of which is cooling 3, and four transverse 4-7. The outer longitudinal branch 1 forms the manufacturing site of the lower half-molds. The middle longitudinal branch 2 forms the manufacturing site of the upper half-molds. The external longitudinal branch 3 serves to cool the molded molds. The outer transverse branch 4 forms an assembly-casting section. The middle transverse branch 6 serves to return the used upper magnetizing devices. Another middle transverse branch 7 serves to return the used lower magnetizing devices. On the outer transverse branch 5 there is a section for disassembling the cast forms and knocking out the casting.

The line also contains a molding machine 8 of the lower half-molds located in branch 1. molding machine 9 of the upper half-molds located in branch 2, tilter 10 of the lower half-molds by 180 °, tilter 11 of the upper half-molds. performing the functions of a mold imager and turning the mold half 360 ° or 180 ° with the return to its original position, the collector 12 of magnetic forms located at the intersection of branches 2 and 4, the filling device 13 located in the branch 4 and having the ability to move along it synchronously with the form, an aggregate 14 for removing the upper magnetizing device and an aggregate 15 for removing the lower magnetizing device, installed one after the other in the cooling branch 3, the steamer 16 filled forms, installed at the intersection of branches 2 and 5. kantovate- and 18 for a 180 ° flip of the lower flask with casting and molding ferromagnetic material in it. In addition, at the intersection of the outer branches 1-5, transborders 19-22 are installed for transferring the lower half-molds, embedded molds and flasks, respectively, in the perpendicular direction.

The unit 14 for removing the upper magnetizing device is connected to the molding machine 9 of the upper half-molds by a transverse branch 6 of the roller conveyors, which serves to transfer the upper magnetizing device from the unit 14 to the automatic machine 9. To transfer the lower magnetizing device from the unit 15 to the automatic machine 8 of the lower half-forms, the transverse branch 7 of the live rolls in which a tilter is mounted for a 180 ° flip of the lower magnetizing devices.

From molding machines 8 and 9 to the unit 14 along the branches 1-4 of the roller tables, trolleys 24 are placed for supplying electricity to the upper and lower half-molds and assembled form. The sections of the branches 1-3, 5 of the rolling tables located between the unit 15, the machines 8 and 9 and the steamer 16 are made smaller than the rest of the sections. The level of arrangement of branches 1-5 live rolls is the same. Branch 2 is located higher by an amount approximately equal to the height of the form. The level of branches 6 and 7 above the level of branches 1-5 is approximately the height of two forms.

To obtain castings on the proposed line, a magnetic detachable form is used, containing the lower 25 and upper 26 magnetizing devices, the lower 27 and upper 28 blank flasks. Each magnetizing device has current collectors 29 mounted on its corners. If the flasks are equipped with cut-offs, then a mechanism is provided in the line for the - ^z oTfleneHHfl gating system in the form of rollers located one above the other (not shown conditionally).

The line works as follows.

In molding machines 8 and 9, the lower 27 and upper 28 flasks are filled with ferromagnetic molding material, the material is compacted, the flasks 27 and 28 are connected with magnetizing devices 25 and 26, respectively, the coil of magnetizing devices is turned on and the models are pulled.

Finished half-molds arrive at the corresponding tilters 10 and 11, where they are turned 180 °. After inspection, the upper half-mold by the tilter 11 returns to its original position and is driven by the roller conveyors of the branch 2 to the mold collector 12. When viewed, the tilter 11 can rotate the upper half-mold and 360 °.

When moving along the branch 1, rods are installed in the lower half-mold, for example, using a rod stacker (not shown). Using a transborder 19, the lower half-mold is transferred from branch 1 to branch 4 perpendicular to it and also goes to the collector 12, In the collector 12, the lower half-mold is connected to the upper, after which the assembled form is fed to the filling device 13.

Filling can be carried out both in motionless, and in a moving form. In the latter case, the filling device 13 moves synchronously with the mold, and after pouring it returns to its original position to the next mold. The transborder 20 transfers the flooded form to the branch 3.

Moving along the branch of 3 drive roller tables, the casting is cooled. If the flasks 27 and 28 are equipped with spring-loaded shutoffs, then in branch 3 a mechanism is installed to separate the gating system in the form of rollers mounted on top of each other and driven into rotation from a drive (not shown). When the mold passes between the rollers, the upper and lower spring-loaded shutoffs located in the mold are simultaneously actuated and the gate system is separated directly in the mold. Next, the form enters the unit 14 for removal of the upper magnetizing device.

In the aggregate 14, the magnetizing devices 25 and 26 of the mold are turned off by stopping the contact of their current collectors 29 with the pushers 24. The upper magnetizing device 26 is removed from the mold and transferred along the roller conveyor of the branch 6 to the molding machine 9 of the upper half-molds. The cycle of operation of the upper magnetizing device 26 has ended.

In this case, the casting together with the sprue system and the molding material remains in the flasks 27 and 28. Moreover, despite the softening of the mold, the casting does not deform, since it has already acquired sufficient strength and relies on the bulk molding material. Earlier softening of the mold promotes free shrinkage of the casting and the prevention of cracking.

From the aggregate 14, the mold moves to the aggregate 15, where the lower magnetizing device 25 is removed, which is transmitted along the roller conveyor of the branch 7 to the tilter 23 for 180 ° rotation, and then to the lower half-forming molding machine 8. The cycle of the lower magnetizing device has ended. From the aggregate 15, the mold (without magnetizing devices) moves further along the roller table of smaller width and is transmitted by the transborder 21 to branch 5 to the steamer 16 of the filled molds. In the steamer 16, the upper flask 28 is removed, molding material is poured out of it, and it is transmitted along the branch 2 to the molding machine 9 of the upper half-molds. The upper flask cycle has ended.

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The casting together with the sprue system remains in the lower flask 27, which continues its movement along the branch 5 of the rolling table and enters the tilter 17 of the lower flask. According to one of the options for working in this tilter from the total flow of manufactured castings, one can distinguish those that are cooled below the temperature established by the technological process of subsequent heat treatment due to the shape retardation on the way from the casting device 13 to the tilter 17.

When tilting, the casting, the sprue system, and molding material that fall onto a vibrating conveyor (not shown) are removed from the flask.

If the delay does not occur, then the tilter 17 does not work, and the lower flask is transported to the transborder 22, which transfers it to branch 1.

On this branch, the flask enters the tilter 18. In it, the lower flask is turned 180 ° to remove the casting, the sprue system, molding material, and the released flask is prepared for molding, i.e., it is turned upside down. If the flip flask is carried out in the tilter 17, then the tilter 18 does not work. In this case, the transborder 22 transfers to the branch 1 an empty flask. There are other options for the operation of tilters 17 and 18, in particular in the manufacture on the line at the same time castings of different weights.

From the flask, castings and molding material fall onto a vibrating perforated conveyor (not shown), where the rods are knocked out and the molding material is separated from the castings and large pieces of rods. Then the casting is fed to further processing, for example, in a quenching bath, a thermal furnace, a conveyor, etc.

Next, the lower flask enters the molding machine 8 lower half-forms and the cycle repeats.

The invention allows to significantly (more than 2 times) reduce the number of magnetizing devices on the line, reduce troll consumption by 30%, reduce power consumption for hardening molds by 30%, increase the durability of the coil by reducing its heating by the heat of the cooling casting, and make more rational use of magnetizing devices .

Claims (1)

Claim An automatic casting line for the manufacture of castings in magnetic demountable molds, containing three longitudinal parallel ones located in a closed technological cycle, one of which is cooling, and two branches of drive roller conveyors perpendicular to them, molding machines of the upper and lower half-molds, a mold collector, a mold steamer, transborders, tilters of flasks and trolleys, characterized in that, in order to reduce operating costs by reducing the number of magnetizing devices and current-carrying elements, and t as well as electricity, it is additionally equipped with aggregates located on the cooling branch for removing the upper and lower magnetizing devices, connected to the corresponding molding machines by the transverse branches of the roller conveyors, while the return branch of the lower magnetizing devices is placed above the longitudinal branches of the roller conveyors and equipped with a tilter for flipping the lower magnetizing devices, and trolleys are placed along the branches of the roller conveyors from molding machines of the upper and lower half-forms to the unit for removal erhnego magnetizer.