SU1689617A1 - Method for erecting artificial supports - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the underground mining of minerals with the erection of artificial supports. The goal is to reduce the cost of erecting a support by reducing the consumption of hardening mixture and eliminating the cost of formwork while increasing the bearing capacity of the support. In the mountain range, the chamber was dredged. The chamber is divided into peripheral and central sections and is filled with a bulk material (SM) and a hardening mixture (TS), which are fed simultaneously. The vehicles and motor vehicles are supplied with the same speed of movement of the surfaces formed by them upwards along the height of the support. The support body is hardened by forming interpenetration zones of filling materials by supplying the CM to the peripheral sections with exceeding the formed slope of the TS level in the central section and introducing the CM into the TS near the intersection contour of the inclined surface of the CM slope created by the height of its pile determined by the calculated formula TC. mating at an angle of no more than 60 °. After solidification of the vehicle, the uncemented CM is released from the peripheral sections. 1 il.

Description

The invention relates to the mining industry and can be used in the underground mining of mineral deposits with the erection of artificial supports.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the cost of the erection of supports by reducing the consumption of hardening mixture and eliminating the cost of formwork while increasing the bearing capacity of the support.

The drawing shows a vertical section of the produced chamber during the construction of an artificial support in it with peripheral zones normal to the section plane.

The method is carried out as follows.

Chamber 1 is excavated. Auxiliary clearance 2 is usually carried out above the roof of chamber 1 at a safe distance, usually along the chamber with a large support length or along a row of several chambers of limited transverse size during erection of a row of isolated artificial supports in them. The developed space of the chamber in the direction normal to the projected peripheral zones is conventionally divided, for example, into three sections: peripheral 3 and central 4 with boundaries 5.

The width of the peripheral sections is equal to

PSM

J

about

00

H)

about

J

P1

Eo +

(D

where „is the thickness of the top of the bulk material embankment that is thicker than the thickness of the zone;

Igmy - the height of the inclined surfaces of the bulk material above the level of the hardening mixture;

p is the angle of inclination of the surface of the bulk material

In the roof of the chamber or in the micro-roofing zone of the lateral ore massif, vertical, inclined or horizontal workings 7 are made to supply bulk material to the peripheral sections. Above the central section, a well 8 is fed to supply a hydraulic hardening mixture. There are also other options for the location of workings for the supply of materials, as well as with the supply of hardening dare of horizontal generation 7 to the central section along a specially laid cantilever pipeline.

In cases when in the lower part of the chamber there are, for example, openings 9, concrete, rock or other insulating bridges 10 are built in them,

During the erection of the support, the bulk material is fed along the vertical walls (a0) using its own weight, and the hydraulic hardening mixture is fed to the central section. In the initial stage of the erection of the support, only the bulk material is first fed until inclined surfaces are formed.

iio Him + inp: os p,

(2)

surfaces of bulk material and hardening mixture enters the hydraulic mixture of the central section. The ongoing sorting process ensures that the bulk material is laid in the peripheral sections with an increase in its size from the chamber walls towards the central section and the supply of large sorted pieces to the hydraulic mixture.

the surface of the bulk material changes the direction of movement while maintaining a sufficiently high speed of its pieces by the time they enter the hydraulic mixture, due to the high speed and meeting with

the surface of the hardening mixture at an angle of up to 60 ° pieces of bulk material before immersion partially glissiruyut on the surface and as a result penetrate into the hardening mixture for an increased (up to 5-6 m)

distance At an angle of meeting the pieces with the surface of the mixture over 60 °, the gliding effect is insignificant or absent.

Hydraulic hardening mixture from the central section penetrates into the bulk

the material of the peripheral sections, impregnates it to a depth of 2.5-3.0 m and, firmly, fastens.

The height of the sloping surfaces of bulk material above the level of hardening

mixtures

35

hCM O L0 + (Ai + inp. siny) -ao) 2 x

tgp

(3)

where inp is the depth of impregnation of the bulk material with a hardening mixture according to the standards for the surface,

then a hydraulic hardening mixture is fed until a layer is formed above the soil of the thickness of the pr COS (p. Zagam is fed with a friable material and a hardening mixture at the same time with the same speed of movement of the surfaces formed by them up to the height of the spore. This is achieved by observing the ratio of the feed rates of materials, calculated at the design stage, taking into account the specified requirement, and periodically checking the actual position of the surfaces by measuring through the existing workings.

Bulk material, for example, in the form of rock from the tunnel faces, from- “alov, etc. in the peripheral sections, due to the kinetic energy accumulated when falling from above, on inclined surfaces, they are sorted by size, placed in these sections and near the intersection contour

where b is the length of the interpenetration zone of materials;

inp is the depth of impregnation of the bulk material normal to its surface;

p is the angle of inclination of the surface of the bulk material;

AI - the minimum thickness of the protective

shell of bulk material;

bo and a0 are the longitudinal (along the zone) m transverse (across the thickness of the zone) dimensions of the top of the bulk material embankment, approximately equal to the corresponding cross-sectional dimensions of the vertical flow of the bulk material, which ensures that the bulk material is not impregnated horizontally by the value of D1. In the resulting non-impregnated material zone

It is preserved in a consolidated state and, after solidification of the hardening mixture, before commencing excavation, the ore mass adjacent to the support is released for reuse. Forming a cavity with this protects against

of explosions is a monolithic part of a support and at the same time serves as a compensation space for an explosive ore. The specified layer of bulk material can also be left unreleased if the D1 value is small and the resulting dilution is negligible.

The lower mouths of the workings 7 for feeding bulk material in the process of their formation or in the stage of completion of the erection of the support extend at an angle p to a height equal to psm. In the final stage of erection of the support, this broadening is filled up with bulk material to its full height, and the hardening mixture through the well 8, and then, after generation 7, is fed to a level above the roof of the chamber and the surface of the bulk material by up to 1-2 m. and shrinking it, if necessary, produces an additional supply of hardening mixture to the openings 7 and 8.

As a result, in the monolithic part of the erected support, peripheral zones of interpenetration of support materials up to 5–7 m thick are formed by feeding bulk material into the peripheral sections with excess of the formed slope above the hardening mixture in the central section and introducing the bulk material into the solid mixture near the inclined intersection contour the slope of the bulk material created by the height of its bulk, equal to the value calculated by the formula (3), with the surface of the hardening mixture, mating at an angle not more more than 60 °.

Due to the content of the bulk aggregate, these zones have increased rigidity and strength.

Claims (1)

The invention of the method of erection of artificial supports, including the recess of the chamber in the mountain massif, its division into peripheral and the central section, simultaneously: 1 i.; o supplying the hydraulic hardening mixture to the central and bulk materials n the peripheral sections and releasing the loose Mjrerial after hardening the hardening mixture, wherein, in order to reduce costs, the erection of a support by reducing consumption hardening about: e-si and eliminating the cost of formwork while simultaneously increasing the bearing capacity of the support, the hardening mixture and the bulk material are fed at the same speed of movement of the surfaces formed by them up the height of the support, Strengthening the support body by forming zones of interpenetration of sealing materials by feeding the bulk of its material into the peripheral sections with exceeding the formed slope above the hardening mixture in the central section and introducing the bulk material into the hardening mixture near the contour of the inclined slope surface of the bulk material created by the height of its bulk equal to psm (b 4Bo + (D1 -Npo sin p - a0) 2 x x tg (p. where b is the length of the interpenetration zone. materials; pr - the depth of impregnation sypchrgs ma. epg ala normal to its surface: $ is the angle of inclination of the bulk material; AI - the minimum thickness is protective1. shell of bulk material; bo and ao are the dimensions of the top of the bulk material corresponding to the horizon across the zone, equal to the cross section of the vertical flow of the bulk material, with the surface of the hardening mixture at an angle of not more than 60P.