SU1683539A2 - Separating device of root-harvesting machine - Google Patents

Description

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(61) 1482570 (21) 4494539/15 (22) 10.17.88 (46) 15.10.91 Bull. №38

(71) Ukrainian Agricultural Academy

(72) V.M.Bulgakov, Z.V.Ruzhilo, A.S. Starominsky and L.M. Bulgakov (53) 631.358 (088.8)

(56) USSR Author's Certificate No. 1482570, cl. A 01 D 25/04, 1987.

(54) SEPARATING DEVICE OF SHORT-MACHINE

(57) The invention relates to devices used in harvesting beet root crops. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the loss and damage to beets. The separating device of the root-harvesting machine contains a separating grid 6 located above the blade beater, the front end

made swivel and has a longitudinal profile S-shaped. At the same time, on the outside of the rotary part of the separating grid, a hinge of a threaded rod 13 is installed in the hinge, which is connected to the main frame through a compression spring, which makes it possible to soften the blows of the roots when they meet the grid. The indicated profile of the turning part of the lattice allows a smooth transition to the main part of the lattice when the front part of the lattice vibrates, and lower the lower end of the lattice to the level of the root-picker axis, which reduces the damageability of the roots and virtually eliminates their losses. The arrangement of the beater blades with respect to each other with opposite angles of inclination to the shaft axis allows each blade to alternately load the left and right sides of the separating grid and sidewall with beet roots, which significantly increases the separation area. 2 Il.

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The invention relates to devices used in the harvesting of beet root crops, and can be used in the other harvesting of other root and vegetable crops.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce losses and damage to root vegetables,

FIG. 1 shows a separation device for a korneoborochioy machine, side view; in fig. 2 - the location of the two beater blades in relation to one another and to the axis of the shaft.

The separating device of the root-knife machine consists of the main frame 1, on which the rotary-type digging tool 2 and the root picker are installed. On the oppositely rotating biter shaft 4, rigid blades 5 are fixed, each pair of blades being S-shaped and inclined to the axis of the shaft 4 at angles “And /. A bar-shaped separating grating 6 is located above the beater, and vertical sidewalls 7 are fixed on the sides. A grating-mounted soil reflector 8 is fixed above grating 6, which in a longitudinal section copies the longitudinal profile of the grating. A screw conveyor 9 is installed in the lower part of the device. 6 comprises a horizontal axis 10, on which the front part 11 is mounted with the possibility of turns, having an S-shaped profile and the lower end of which is located on the level of the axis of the root intake 3. ONET front portion 11 is mounted with a hinge 12, threaded rod 13 which is mounted in the hole of the main frame 1 and fixed 1aykoy 14. On rod 13 is mounted a compression spring 15.

The separating device of the rooting machine works as follows.

Digging the working body 2 raises the soil layer with root crops, and the root intake 3 seizes it and feeds it to the upper part of the device. In the upper part, the soil layer is broken by the 5 beater blades, and each blade 5, made curved, provides for the progressive introduction of its end into the soil layer, which thus comes off and hits the front part 11 of the separating grid 6. The front part 11 turns on the horizontal axis 10, the threaded rod 13 moves into the hole of the main frame 1 by means of the hinge 12, and the spring 15, squeezing, relieves the impact of the stratum of the soil and the beetroot root crops. Next, the blades 5 lift the stratum of the soil with the roots to itself. what

a part of the shallow soil immediately wakes up through the fingers of the blade 5, and the roots and a part of the soil are transferred into the space under the arched grid 6.

At the same time, angular velocities and accelerations are communicated to the soil particles and root crops, creating centrifugal forces, inertia, pressing them to the inner part of the grid 6. Non-fruit slides pushed by the blades of the 5 core and grate them to clean the stuck soil. Small particles of soil are propelled through the grate 6, under the action of centrifugal forces hit the reflector 8 and, slipping on its lower surface, are retracted outside the device.

The fingers of the blades 5 then go between the bars of the separating grid 6 and clean it and themselves from adhering soil. Since the blades 5 are inclined with respect to each other with opposite angles of inclination, they alternately load the right and left parts of the grid 6 and, consequently, the right and left vertical sidewalls 7, which are also bar-shaped and through which also soil separation process. In the back of the device, the roots are freed from the shovels 5 and fall

0 to the screw conveyor 9, which leads them out of the device.

The lower end of part 11 should be conical in shape and enter the space between the disks of the root bed 3. Resolving the lower end of part 11 at the level of the axis of the root bed 3 covers the entire front of the device and eliminates the loss of root crops by hitting the blades 5. The S-shaped front profile

0 of part 11 provides a smooth transition to the main part of the lattice C. The presence of f of the fake 14 makes it possible to control the amplitude of oscillations of the front part 11.

Claims (1)

5 claims Separating unit of the rooting machine according to ed. St. No. 1482570, characterized in that, in order to reduce losses and damage to the roots of fruits, the separating grid is provided with a rotatable section fixed on the i horizontal hinge in its front part and having an S-shaped longitudinal profile, while the rotatable section of the kinematically connected with the frame by means of a spring-loaded rod, its lower end is located at the level of the rootbore axis, and the beater blades are set in relation to one another with the angles opposite to the axis of the shaft. FI.2