CN204697518U - Beet kills seedling top-cutting machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a beet seedling-cutting and top-cutting mechanism. The seedling-killing mechanism includes two roulettes and a seedling-killing knife. The seedling-killing knives are spirally arranged along the surface of the roulette. On the disk, there is a hinged connection between the swing arm and the wheel disc, and the swing arm can rotate around the joint to realize flexible killing of seedlings. The top cutting mechanism includes a cutter mechanism and a profiling linkage mechanism; the cutter of the cutter mechanism is arc-shaped, and the two sides are connected with the knife holder through the installation shaft, and the cutter can rotate around the installation axis; the profiling linkage mechanism makes the cutter The position of the knife can be adjusted according to the terrain to make the thickness of the cut top consistent. The combination of the top-cutting mechanism and the profiling mechanism makes the cutter vibrate and return to its original position after cutting, and automatically cleans the attachments on the cutter. The mechanism uses the swinging arm to realize the flexible contact between the seedling-killing knife and the sugar beets, avoiding the damage of the seedling-killing mechanism to the sugar beets; the cutter structure that can rotate around the axis is used to replace the traditional fixed cutter, which is easier to cut the top and prevents the beetroot from being pushed down and damaged. The cutter is blocked, which improves the top cutting rate and is suitable for high-speed operation.

Description

Beet Seedling and Topping Machine

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery and relates to an agricultural harvesting machine, in particular to a top cutting machine for harvesting sugar beets and similar crops.

Background technique

Seedling and top cutting operations are an important link in the crop harvesting process, which is labor-intensive and inefficient. The seedling cutting and top cutting machine is used for harvesting operations, for cleaning crop seedlings and top cutting operations, which can effectively improve the harvesting efficiency of crops, so that crops can be harvested in time. Realize the modernization of crop production, save labor and reduce labor intensity, and liberate people from heavy production labor.

Present most seedling killing mechanism adopts the cutter roller that is fixed on the seedling killing mechanism to shake and pulverize sugar beet seedling leaves. This kind of mechanism can remove the seedling leaves at a faster speed, but this kind of mechanism is easy to cause certain damage to the beets due to the uneven height of the beets when cutting the tassels, and the contact area between the knife roller and the seedling leaves is small, resulting in damage to the seedlings. The leaf removal is not clean, which affects the subsequent top cutting work.

The beet seedling cutting and topping mechanism mainly adopts a profiling mechanism, which produces a profiling effect on the beet through the profiling mechanism, so that the cutter is positioned at the required cutting height, and the green top of the beet is cut off in a horizontal position. The cutter mechanism mostly adopts a fixed cutter. When cutting the top, it cuts flat with one knife. Its disadvantage is that it is easy to block the knife. Beets are heavily chipped. When the cutting knife is working on a field where the beet roots grow out of the ground and the connection between the roots and the soil is weak, the beet roots will be pushed down or tilted. increase, so it cannot adapt to high-speed operations.

The patent application number is 201120305166.6 discloses a disc profiling top cutting machine, which includes a sawtooth profiling roller, a horizontal cutter arranged below the profiling roller, a disc knife positioned in front of the profiling roller and a Cleaning rollers with alternating profiling rollers. During work, the profiling roller has a profiling function, and the profiling height can be adjusted according to the terrain conditions, so that the horizontal cutter can adapt to the ground conditions; the cleaning roller cleans the beet stalks hanging in the gap between the two sets of profiling roller blades , to prevent the machine from clogging. When the device is working, the disc knife completes the work of killing seedlings and dividing ridges, and the cutter completes the work of top cutting. The disc knife is a fixed knife, and the contact area with the cabbage is small when cutting, which is easy to cause unclean cutting. The functions of profiling and cutting are realized by two different parts respectively. The profiling roller is large in size, which increases the volume of the top cutting machine. Roller cleans the beet tops.

The patent application No. 201220735111.3 discloses a self-cleaning beet harvester profiling and topping mechanism. A self-cleaning component is installed at the rear end of the profiling top-cutting mechanism, which can clean up the accumulated beet heads on the top-cutting mechanism. The self-cleaning function of the solution disclosed in this patent is also realized by means of external self-cleaning components.

If the seedling killing work can be completed in advance before the top cutting operation, the blocking of the top cutting tool will be reduced. At the same time, if the structure of the profiling device is simplified and a tool with self-cleaning function is designed, no additional self-cleaning components are required. It will greatly simplify the structure of the top cutting machine and obtain better working performance.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a sugar beet seedling cutting and topping machine with high working stability, high efficiency, low damage rate to crops, and the functions of killing seedlings and cutting tops.

The technical scheme of the utility model is: a beet seedling cutting and topping machine, which is used for the seedling killing and topping operations of beets and similar plants when they are harvested. Including the frame, the frame is equipped with a transmission mechanism, a ground wheel guide mechanism, a seedling killing mechanism and a top cutting mechanism. The transmission mechanism includes a gearbox, the gearbox is connected to the power source, and the power output shaft of the gearbox is connected to the seedling killing mechanism through a transmission chain. The power input shaft; the seedling-killing mechanism is located under the frame, and the top-cutting mechanism is located behind the moving direction of the frame.

The seedling-killing mechanism includes a flexible seedling-killing mechanism arranged on the power input shaft. The flexible seedling-killing mechanism includes two discs, and a seedling-killing knife is installed between the two discs. There are multiple seedling-killing knives. The circumference of the disc surface is evenly arranged, and the seedling killing knife includes a blade and swing arms located at both ends of the blade. As a preference, the seedling killing knife is arranged spirally along the disc surface of the wheel disc, that is, the installation points of the swing arms at both ends of the blade are staggered, and the blade It is not parallel to the ground, and each seedling killing knife is installed in the same direction; the seedling killing knife is installed on the wheel through the swing arm, and the swing arm and the wheel are connected by a hinge, and the swing arm can rotate around the joint to form a flexible Seedling killing organization;

The top cutting mechanism is connected with the frame through the fixed seat, including the cutter mechanism and the profiling linkage mechanism; The side is connected with the knife rest through the installation shaft, and the installation shaft can rotate around its joint with the knife rest, and the installation shaft can ensure the flexible rotation of the cutter. The knife holder is provided with a stop roller, which is located behind the installation of the cutter and the knife holder, and is within the range of rotation of the knife surface of the cutter; the profiling linkage mechanism includes a fixed seat, a connecting rod, a spring and a frame rod. The fixed seat is fixed on the frame, the spring is set on the connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod passes through the horizontal axis on the fixed seat, and the other end is connected with the frame rod; one end of the frame rod is connected with the fixed seat, and the other end is connected with the tool handle shaft connection.

Preferably, there are multiple groups of flexible seedling-killing mechanisms, each of which has the same structure and is arranged in parallel under the frame, and the multiple groups are connected by power input shafts. It can complete the seedling killing operation of multiple rows of crops at the same time.

Preferably, the blade of the seedling killing knife is a helicoid blade. During the continuous seedling killing operation, the helical blade can increase the contact area between the blade and the beet seedlings, speed up the cleaning efficiency of the beet stems and leaves, and improve the removal effect of the beet stems and leaves.

Preferably, there are multiple groups of top-cutting mechanisms arranged horizontally behind the frame. The top cutting operation of multiple rows of plants can be completed at the same time.

Preferably, the connection between the installation shaft and the tool holder is a triangular shaft, the triangular shaft is a triangular prism, the end face of the triangular shaft is an equilateral triangle, and the equilateral triangle extends into a columnar structure. This structure enables the cutter to have better return ability under the condition that the cutter is guaranteed to be rotatable.

Preferably, the cutter face of the cutting knife is arc-shaped, the two ends of the cutter face are provided with mounting shaft holes, and the middle of the cutter face is provided with a hollow part.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The utility model can realize accurate top cutting, so that the thickness of the top cutting is stable during the beet harvesting operation process, the cutting amount is small, no clogging, and the operation adaptability is high. The utility model can complete seedling killing and top-cutting operations of multiple rows of crops at the same time, is an efficient sugar beet top-cutting device, and improves the mechanization, automation and work efficiency of the sugar-beet top-cutting operation.

The seedling killing mechanism in the utility model adopts a rotating flexible seedling killing mechanism, which cuts the seedling leaves through the inclined spiral blade, which improves the cutting rate and cutting effect of the seedling leaves, and realizes killing by using the swinging arm of the flexible seedling killing mechanism. The flexible contact between seedling knife and sugar beet avoids damage to sugar beet by seedling killing mechanism. The top-cutting mechanism adopts a profiling self-vibrating top-cutting mechanism, and the cutter structure that can rotate around the axis replaces the traditional fixed cutter, which can cut the top more easily, avoiding the beetroot being pushed down and the cutter being blocked. The thickness is moderate, which improves the top cutting rate and is suitable for high-speed operation. The arc type self-cleaning cutter is adopted to reduce the probability of cutter blocking and ensure the stability of work.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the seedling killing mechanism.

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the top cutting mechanism.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the cutter mechanism.

Fig. 5 is an exploded schematic view of the cutter mechanism.

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation shaft structure.

Among them, 1-frame, 2-sprocket, 3-transmission chain, 4-power output shaft, 5-gearbox, 6-killing knife, 7-swing arm, 8-pin shaft, 9-roulette, 10 -connecting rod, 11-connecting rod, 12-spring, 13-bolt, 14-frame rod, 15-knife handle, 16-cutter, 18-ground wheel, 19-stop roller, 20-bolt, 21-installation axis

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.

The sugar beet seedling-killing and top-cutting machine comprises a frame 1, on which a transmission mechanism, a ground wheel guide mechanism, a seedling-killing mechanism and a top-cutting mechanism are arranged. The ground wheel guide mechanism includes ground wheels 18 positioned at both sides of the frame 1, and the ground wheels 18 are installed on the connecting rod 10 as the running mechanism of the whole machine.

The transmission mechanism is connected to the power source of the top cutting machine, including a gear box 5, and the power output shaft 4 of the gear box 5 is connected with a sprocket 2, and the sprocket 2 is provided with a transmission chain 3, which is connected to the power input of the rice seedling killing mechanism through the transmission chain 3 The shaft provides power for the rice seedling killing mechanism.

The seedling killing mechanism is located below the frame 1 and includes a flexible seedling killing mechanism arranged on the power input shaft. The power input shaft obtains power from the transmission sprocket 3 to drive the flexible seedling killing mechanism to perform the seedling killing work. The flexible mechanism for killing rice seedlings comprises two wheel discs 9, and seedling killing knives 6 are installed between the two wheel discs 9. There are multiple seedling killing knives 6, which are evenly arranged along the circumference of the disc surface of the wheel discs 9. Seedling killing knife 6 comprises the blade of elongated shape, and blade is helical blade, and helical blade is similar to twisting the shape of towel, and is obtained after a sheet blade is twisted towards one direction. Blade two ends are swinging arm 7, and seedling killing knife 6 is installed on the wheel disc 9 by swinging arm 7, is non-fixed connection between swinging arm 7 and wheel disc 9, swinging arm 7 is connected with wheel disc by bearing pin 8, and Can rotate around bearing pin 8, thereby drives whole seedling killing knife 6 to rotate. The installation points of the swinging arms 7 at both ends of the blade are staggered and do not correspond to the same position on the wheel 9, but are spaced 80-90mm apart. With an inclination angle of 30°, the installation direction and orientation of each seedling killing knife 6 are the same. This structure increases the contact area between the blade and the beet husks, and can obtain a better effect of killing seedlings.

The flexible seedling killing mechanism has two groups, and is arranged in parallel below the frame 1. The middle parts of the two groups of flexible seedling killing mechanisms are connected through the power input shaft, and the two groups rotate synchronously, which can realize the seedling killing operation on two rows of sugar beets at the same time.

The top-cutting mechanism is positioned at the rear of the frame 1 moving direction. The top-cutting mechanism is connected with the frame 1 through a fixed seat, and includes a cutter mechanism and a profiling linkage mechanism. There are two groups of top-cutting mechanisms, which are arranged horizontally behind the frame, and can perform top-cutting operations on multiple rows of sugar beets at the same time.

The knife cutter mechanism comprises a handle of a knife 15, a knife rest positioned at the end of the handle 15 and a cutter 16 horizontally installed on the knife rest. On the mounting shaft 21, the mounting shaft 21 can rotate around its joint with the knife rest. Along the width direction of the cutting knife 16, the knife face of the cutting knife 16 is arc-shaped, and the two ends of the knife face are provided with mounting shaft holes. A hollow is provided in the middle, and the cut beet tops can fall out of the hollow. The installation shaft 21 is a segmented structure, and the joint between it and the tool rest is a triangular shaft, and the end face of the triangular shaft is an equilateral triangle, which is extended into a cylindrical structure by the equilateral triangle. This structure makes cutter 16 return automatically after cutting off the beet top. The knife rest is provided with a retaining roller 19, and the retaining roller 19 is located at the rear of the cutter 16 and the knife rest installation, and within the range of rotation of the cutter face of the cutter 16, when the cutter 16 performs the cutting action, it is subjected to the resistance of the top of the beet And rotate backward around the installation shaft, when rotating to the stop roller 19 position, be subjected to the stop of stop roller 19, determine the working position of cutting knife 16, and cut off the beet top, it can be said that the effect of stop roller 19 is to limit cutter 16 The movement stroke of cutting knife 16 is when carrying out cutting operation, and the tangent direction of the cutting edge of cutting knife 16 forms a certain included angle with horizontal direction. When cutter 16 was in working position, the tangential direction of the arc knife edge had a certain angle with the direction of advancement, and the arc surface played the role of pressing and importing beets to ensure the thickness and quality of beet cutting. The radius of curvature of the arc surface of the cutter 16 is 80mm, and the corresponding central angle is 120°. When the cutting is finished, the cutter automatically returns to the horizontal position around the triangular axis under the action of its own weight. During the return vibration process, the beet cutting head adhered to the cutter can be removed.

The profiling linkage mechanism includes a fixed seat, a connecting rod 11, a spring 12 and a frame rod 14, the fixed seat is installed on the frame 1 through a bolt 13, the spring 12 is set on the connecting rod 11, and one end of the connecting rod 11 passes through the fixed seat On the horizontal axis, the other end is connected with frame rod 14; frame rod 14 one ends are connected with holder, and one end is connected with knife handle 15. The profiling linkage mechanism is a multi-link linkage mechanism. When the cutter 16 cuts the beet top, the knife handle 15 rotates around the installation axis of the cutter 16 and the frame bar 14, and the frame bar 14 rotates around the installation axis of it and the fixed seat. The rotation drives the connecting rod 11 to move, and the spring 12 compresses. After the top cutting finishes, spring 12 returns automatically. On the one hand, the function of the profiling linkage mechanism is to adapt the machine itself to the undulating ground, avoiding excessive cutting or insufficient cutting; on the other hand, during the return process of the spring 12 of the profiling linkage mechanism, the cutter 16 also Vibration homing removes the sundries adhering to the cutter 16, and also improves the self-cleaning ability of the cutter.

During work, the seedling-killing mechanism is in front, and the top-cutting mechanism is behind. After the wheel disc 9 rotates, it drives the swinging arm 7 to rotate, so that the seedling-killing knife 6 performs the seedling-killing operation during the rotation. When the seedling-killing knife 6 touches the beet top, the blade will pass through the beet top without causing damage to the beet. After the seedling-killing mechanism at the front finishes the seedling-killing work, the top-cutting mechanism at the rear performs the top-cutting operation on the crops after seedling-killing. When the cutter 16 touched the top of the beet, the cutter 16 rotated backward around the mounting shaft to the blocking rod 19. On the one hand, the resistance of the blocking rod 19 to the cutter 16 was converted into the cutting force of the cutter 16. The roller 19 also limits the position of the cutter 16, so that when the cutter 16 performs the cutting operation, the tangential direction of the cutting edge is at an angle with the horizontal direction to ensure the cutting effect. A part of foreign matter that cuts falls out from the hollow of cutting knife 16. During the top-cutting process, the spring 12 shrinks to form certain resistance to the top-cutting and limits the height of the top-cutting. After the top cutting is finished, the spring 12 returns to its original position, and during the return process of the spring 12, the cutter 16 vibrates and resets around the mounting shaft 21, and the sundries on the cutter 16 are removed.

Claims (7)

1. beet kills seedling top-cutting machine, comprises frame, and frame is provided with transmission mechanism, land wheel guiding mechanism, kills rice seedling distribution mechanism and top-cutting machine structure, described transmission mechanism comprises gear-box, and gear-box power take-off is connected to the power input shaft killing rice seedling distribution mechanism by driving-chain; The described rice seedling distribution mechanism that kills is positioned at below frame, and described top-cutting machine structure is positioned at the rear in gantry motion direction, it is characterized in that:

The described rice seedling distribution mechanism that kills comprises the flexibility be arranged on power input shaft and kills rice seedling distribution mechanism, and described flexibility is killed rice seedling distribution mechanism and comprised two wheel discs, is provided with and kills seedling cutter between two wheel discs, and killing seedling cutter has multiple, and the even circumferential along the card of wheel disc is arranged; Described kill seedling cutter comprise blade and be positioned at blade two ends get rid of arm, kill seedling cutter and be arranged on wheel disc by getting rid of arm, get rid of for being hinged between arm and wheel disc, getting rid of arm can rotate around junction;

Described top-cutting machine structure is connected with frame by holder, comprises cutter mechanism and profiling interlinked mechanism; The cutting knife that described cutter mechanism comprises handle of a knife, is positioned at the knife rest of handle of a knife end and is laterally arranged on knife rest, cutting knife both sides are connected with knife rest by installation shaft, installation shaft can be rotated around the junction of itself and knife rest, knife rest is provided with block roller, block roller is positioned at the rear of cutting knife and knife rest installation place, and in the scope that cutting knife knife face rotates; Described profiling interlinked mechanism comprises holder, connecting rod, spring and frame bar, and holder is fixed in frame, and spring housing is contained on connecting rod, and connecting rod one end is through the transverse axis on holder, and the other end and frame bar are coupling; Frame bar one end and holder are coupling, and one end and handle of a knife are coupling.

2. beet as claimed in claim 1 kills seedling top-cutting machine, it is characterized in that: described flexibility kills rice seedling distribution mechanism many groups, is arranged side by side in below frame, is connected between many groups by power input shaft.

3. beet as claimed in claim 1 kills seedling top-cutting machine, it is characterized in that: described in kill seedling cutter blade be helicoidal blade.

4. as the beet in claims 1 to 3 as described in any one kills seedling top-cutting machine, it is characterized in that: the mounting points that arm is got rid of at blade two ends is interlaced, namely blade and ground not parallel, and each kill seedling cutter install towards identical.

5. beet as claimed in claim 1 kills seedling top-cutting machine, it is characterized in that: described top-cutting machine structure has many groups, is horizontally arranged in the rear of frame.

6. beet as claimed in claim 1 kills seedling top-cutting machine, and it is characterized in that: the joint of described installation shaft and knife rest is Axis Tripod, the end face of described Axis Tripod is equilateral triangle, extends into bar shape structure by equilateral triangle.

7. beet as claimed in claim 1 kills seedling top-cutting machine, and it is characterized in that: the knife face of described cutting knife is curved, knife face two ends are provided with installation axle hole, is provided with a hollow bulb in the middle of knife face.