SU1667700A1 - Apparatus for combing farm crops - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention can be used in the construction of machines for harvesting small-grain leguminous crops using the brushing method and reduces crop losses by reorienting the plants in the brushing process. The device contains a clamping conveyor made with two adjacent working branches - the lower branch 9 and the upper branch consisting of three separate sections 10 - 12. The even section 11 is connected with the branch 9 with the possibility of sliding relative to it. The speed of movement of the belts of the branch 9 and the odd sections 10, 12 is the same. A rotating drum with combing organs located opposite the odd sections 10, 12 is located along the clamping conveyor. The stalks of the legume crop are clamped between the frames of the branch 9, and the section 10 stripping organs, produce webs of seeds and leaves from the stem. Then, as a result of the slip of the belt section 11 relative to the branch 9, the stems are reoriented by turning around their axes. When the stems are located between the belts of section 12 and branch 9, the stripping process is repeated. 3 il.

Description

The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering and can be used in machines for harvesting crops, mainly small seed legumes (lupins, fodder beans, alfalfa, clover), for seeds and fodder by leaf and inflorescence towing.

The purpose of the invention is the reduction of yield losses of legumes by reorienting plants in the process of towing.

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a sweeper with the proposed towing device, view of the spread; in FIG. 2 is the same. lengthwise cut; in FIG. 3 - clamping conveyor of the proposed device.

The towing device is mounted on a harvesting machine comprising dividers 1, transporting streams 2, a cutting apparatus 3 (Fig. 2), a transverse conveyor 4 and a towing chamber 5 installed behind it, in which a rotating drum 6 is mounted. A combed conveyor 7 is installed behind the drum 6 heap. The machine also contains a spreading board 8.

The drum 6 is installed along the clamping conveyor, made with the lower working continuous branch 9 (rubberized profiled belt) and the upper working branch. The latter is made of three separate sections 10-12 (rubberized belts), paired with branch 9.

Extreme, odd sections 10, 12 form tow sections 13 with branch 9, and even section 11 is coupled to branch 9 with the possibility of sliding relative to it and forms a reorientation zone 14 with it. To ensure the inequality of the speeds of the belts of the section 11 and the lower branch 9, a rotation transmission to the section 11 from the branch 9 can be used by means of a chain transmission with a gear ratio not equal to one.

In the towing sections 13, roller bearings 15 and spring-loaded carriages 16 are installed, providing clamping of the plants to be carved.

The streams 2 and the transverse conveyor 4 are mounted on the transverse beam-boat 17, inside which are placed the drive mechanisms (not shown). Carter 17 is supported by a wheel drive 18. A snip is provided for attaching the device to an aggregating tractor (not shown)

19.

Each of the streams 2 is formed by the contact of two adjacent belts 20, which cover the upper driving pulleys 21 and the lower driven pulleys 22 and rollers 23.

The drum 6 has stripping organs made in the form of ridges 24, the stripping teeth 25 of which are equipped with blades 26 and 27, located at an angle to one another. The ridges 24 are located opposite the odd sections 10 and 12 (opposite the section 11 there are no ridges 24 on the drum 6).

To collect the combed pile supplied by the conveyor 7, a trolley 28 is installed.

The device operates as follows.

When the machine moves forward with the working bodies turned on, dividers 1 divide the stalk of plants into strips and direct them to the transporting streams 2. Stems clamped by 20 straps are mowed by the cutting apparatus 3 and fed up the streams 2 to the transverse conveyor 4, the fingers of which pick up the vegetative mass and feed it on the lower (solid) branch 9 of the clamping conveyor. The stems sandwiched between the straps of section 10 and branch 9 are introduced into the tow chamber 5, where they are subjected to the first brushing cycle by the teeth 25 in the first portion 13. where the speed of the straps of the branch 9 and section 10 is the same.

Partially combed stems enter the reorientation zone 14, where the plants scroll around their axes due to the differences in the speeds of movement of the branch 9 and section 11. After the reorientation, the stems are reared in the second section 13 (between branch 9 and section 12).

The reorientation of plants in the intervals between towing cycles is associated with the biological feature of legumes - the location of the beans with a brush around the stems, and the thickness of the beans is less than the diameter of the stem at the point of attachment. Therefore, when combing without reorientation, some of the beans are located above and below the stems of the plants, and therefore inaccessible to combing teeth 25. This leads to underestimation of part of the beans, and, consequently, to loss of seeds and leaves. Scrolling the stems around their axis between towing cycles will avoid this drawback.

The tow products (beans, seeds, plant leaves) with teeth 25 with blades 26 and 27, as well as with the air flow created by them, are fed to conveyor 7. The latter dumps these products into transport trolley 28, which is aggregated with the machine.

The combed stems of the plants are carried out by the clamping conveyor from the chamber and fed to the spreading device, on the shield 8 of which they go down to the ground with the formation of a roll (tape) 29.

Using the proposed device allows more fully towing of plant mass, which helps to reduce losses of harvested leaf and seed parts, in addition, it also allows to reduce injury to seeds, which increases their germination.

Claims (1)

Claim A device for towing crops containing a clamping conveyor with two paired 24 L 1 with working branches and a rotating drum installed along the conveyor with stripping bodies, characterized in that. in order to reduce the yield of legumes by reorienting plants during the process of towing, one of the working branches of the conveyor is made of at least three separate sections, the number of which is odd, the stripping organs are located opposite the odd sections, and even sections are paired with the second working branch of the conveyor with the possibility slip relative to this branch. z