SU1662868A1 - Screw press - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to the structures of screw presses. The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability. The slider 3 with the nut 4 is pressed by the power cylinders 47 to the stops 48. With the nut 4 there is a matching screw 5, on the upper end of which the splined hub 9 is fixed with the driven disks 10 and 11 of the clutch. On the piston 21, the couplings are mounted on the upper arms of the upper brackets, and on the additional disk 19 - the lower brackets. In the upper brackets, bearings are mounted on bushings with axles eccentrically fixed in them and mounted on bearings in the lower brackets. A stop 33 acting from the cylinder 35 limits the displacement of the additional disk 19 in the process of engaging the clutch. After switching on the clutch, the stop 33 is removed. In the process of deformation of the workpiece, the working moment of the clutch reaches the calculated value and the clutch disks begin to slip relative to each other. The bushings and axles are rotated, as a result of which the thrust force is released from the additional disk 19. The clutch is disengaged. The drive flywheel 14 begins to accumulate kinetic energy for the next turn. The deformation is carried out at the expense of the remaining kinetic energy of the screw 5 and the parts connected with it. 9 il.

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to the structures of screw presses.

The purpose of the invention is to increase reliability.

Figure 1 shows the press, a general view; figure 2 is a view of And figure 1; in FIG. 3, node I in FIG. one; figure 4 - section B - B in fig.Z; Fig.5 - node II in Fig.Z; figure 6 - section b - b in figure 5; Fig. 7 is the same at the moment of disconnecting the clutch; Fig. 8 shows the graphs of the distribution of work during deformation of the workpiece; figure 9 - pneumatic circuit of the press.

The screw press contains a frame 1, in the guides 2 of which a slider 3 is installed, in which a nut 4 is installed, coupled with a screw 5 movably mounted in the supports of the bed 1 consisting of a subgun 6 and a bearing 7. On the upper part of the screw 5 by means of a nut 8, a spline sleeve 9 is fixed with driven disks 10 and 11 of the clutch coupling. On the support 12, it is installed

00 O 00

The press, mounted on the base 1, has a flywheel 14 on the bearings 13, which through the V-belt drive 15 and the pulley 16 is connected to the electric motor 17. The clutch is fitted with a drive 18 and an additional 19 suit.

The clutch is controlled from the pneumatic cylinder 20 by the piston 21. Air is supplied and removed to the pneumatic cylinder 20 through the inlet sleeve 22. On the additional disk 19 and the piston 21, the upper 25 and lower 26 brackets are mounted on the additional disk, fixed by caps 27 and 28 .

The upper 25 and lower 26 brackets are interconnected by sleeves 29 and eccentrically fixed on the last axles 30 mounted on bearings 31 and 32. To limit the rotation of the additional disc 19 at the moment of switching on the coupling, drive lugs 33 are provided. and associated with pistons of cylinders 35

Air is supplied to the pneumatic cylinders 35 through an air inlet sleeve 22, throttles 36, and pipes 37. The cylinders 35 are provided with springs 38.

The return stroke of the piston 21 is carried out using studs 39 and springs 40.

To return the additional disc 19 to its original position, springs 41 are provided, mounted by brackets 42 rigidly connected to piston 21 and lower brackets 26. Restriction of rotation of the additional disc 19 after disconnecting the clutch is performed by adjustable stops in the form of bolts 43 mounted on slats 44, which are rigidly connected to the upper brackets 25.

The slider 3 is provided with brackets 45 connected with the rods 46 of the cylinders 47 mounted on the base 1 of the press. To limit the extreme upper position of the slide 3, stops 4 are mounted on the base 1 of the press.

The press is controlled by a pneumatic system consisting of an on-off valve 49, a receiver 50 and 51, a reducing valve 52, a throttle 53 and a pressure gauge 54. The press works as follows. Compressed air flows from the pneumatic system to the receivers 50 and 51 and further to the pneumatic system. Using a pressure gauge 54, the pressure of the compressed air is controlled and, if necessary, regulated by a pressure reducing valve 52. Under the action of pressure in the cylinder 47, the slider 3 moves to the extreme upper position until the stops 48. The cylinder 20 is connected to the atmosphere, and then

five

0

The rope 21 is in its highest position under the action of the springs 40.

The motor 17 is turned on, which, via the pulley 16 and the V-belt drive 15, accelerates the flywheel 14 to a predetermined angular velocity. Flywheel 14 stores kinetic energy

t -i a & m

I uh -

where 1M is the moment of inertia of the flywheel 14.

To activate the clutch, a command is issued to switch the distributor 49, the pressure is supplied from the receiver 50 to the cylinder cavity 20. A piston 21 with a disk 19 fixed on it moves downward until the disks 10,11,18 and the flywheel 14 are closed, while the spring 40 is compressed through the studs 39. Due to the speed difference, the disk 10 with friction linings slips relative to the additional disk 19, therefore the latter tends to rotate relative to the flywheel 14. The rotation of the additional disk 19 is prevented by the stop 33. The clutch is turned on. Screw 5 transmits torque from the flywheel 14. The disks 10,11,18 and 19 and the flywheel 14 rotate as one piece. The friction forces arising between the friction planes prevent the additional disk 19 from turning. The pressure from the receiver 50 also enters the cavity of the cylinders 35 through the throttle 53. The stops 34 move to a position in which their contact with the covers 28 is impossible. Under the action of torque screw 5 accelerates to the speed of rotation of the flywheel 14 and, screwing the nut 4, releases the slide bar. Screw 5 and flywheel 14 rotate as one with kinetic energy.

-.- (2)

five

five

0

five

0

MB

where 1 mv 1 m + 1 c is the total moment of inertia of the flywheel 14, screw 5 and other parts associated with the flywheel 14 and screw 5. The downward movement of the slide 3 continues until the working tool meets the workpiece. After meeting the working tool with the workpiece, the workpiece is deformed. The work of deformation is performed by the accumulated kinetic energy of the flywheel 14 and the kinetic energy of the screw 5.

The motor 17 is not shut off during operation and continues to transfer energy to the flywheel 14.

During the working stroke, the deformation force and the torque transmitted by the clutch increase.

The torque transmitted by the clutch, taking into account the friction in the screw mechanism, the fender 6 and the bearing 7 is equal to

Mm (a + p). (3)

where RD is the force of deformation;

DCp - the average diameter of the screw thread 5; a - the angle of inclination of the screw thread 5;

p-angle friction in the screw mechanism.

Upon reaching the force on the Sgi torque in the screw mechanism, it reaches the torque setting of the coupling.

Mm RDY DSa + p) (4)

s

With a further increase in the deformation force, the driven disks 10 and 11 slip relative to the master disk 18 and the flywheel 14, and the additional disk 19 continues to rotate under the influence of the forces of the disk together with the disk 10. The lower brackets 26 fixed on the additional disk 19 are displaced relative to the upper brackets 25 mounted on the piston 21. The sleeves 29 rotate around the axes of the bearings 31 and the axes 30 around the axes of the bearings 32. The upper 25 and lower 26 brackets rotate around the axes of the bearings 23 and 24. In the initial position of the axis, the sleeve Approximately 29 and axes 30 are located along the radii of the additional disk 19. After the shutdown system is activated and the additional disk 19 rotates at an angle near the axis of rotation of the bushes 29, it tends to maintain its position, and the axis of rotation of axis 30 rotates through an angle p. Since the sleeves 29 and axles 30 are connected by bearings 32, their axes of rotation must be parallel, therefore, when the additional disc 19 is rotated at an angle at the axis of rotation of the sleeves 29 and axes 30, it is rotated by angle p. The piston 21 with the brackets 25 in the process of shutting down is lowered until the collars of the studs 39 contact the cylinder body 20. In this case, the force of the piston 21 is transmitted to the cylinder body 20.

Clutch disconnected.

The angular velocity of the additional disk 19 continues to decrease under the action of the moment of inertia. The upper 25 and lower 26 brackets perform relative displacement d 0. at the same time stretching the spring 41; the upper brackets 25 are designed in such a way that, with a possible increase in the displacement to a magnitude g, they are in contact with the housings 28. which ensures rigidity and reliability of the structure.

The deformation of the forging to the force Рdmax on the course Sg2 is carried out by the kinetic energy of the screw 5. Part of the energy of the screw 5 after the end of the course of deformation

when the dies are closed, the stamp is spent on the elastic deformation of the press and the stamp until the force Py.

The work of deforming AI on Sgi is performed by the kinetic energy of the flywheel 14 and screw 5:

L-i ZDv1 - ZDv2 AI - 1e1 -

(6)

where Shmv1 and - are the angular velocity of rotation of the flywheel 14 and screw 5 before the start of the deformation stroke and at the moment of the coupling actuation.

The work of deforming A2 on the course Sg2 before the die matrix closes is performed by the kinetic energy of the screw 5

u | i - and% 2

A2 LT32 IE

(7)

where Mmv2 is the rotational speed of the screw 5 after disconnecting the coupling; UJ2 angular screw rotation speed

5 at the end of the deformation stroke.

The work of elastic deformation of the press and AZ dies on the course Sy after closing the dies of the strain is carried out with the remaining kinetic energy of the screw 5:

L - LT - I (% 2

AZ DETAS.

(eight)

The screw 5 stops and the flywheel 14 continues to rotate rapidly under the influence of the moment developed by the electric motor 17

During the course of deformation, the speed of rotation of the flywheel 14 decreases from Švv2. The rotational speed of the electric motor 17 also decreases from OAED1 1admv1 to, where i is the transmission ratio of the V-belt transmission.

The moment of inertia of 1MV is calculated as

Thus, during the course of deformation, the rotational speed of the electric motor 17 at the maximum work of deformation Ah does not go beyond the limits of the established mode of operation of the electric motor 17

After the end of the deformation stroke, the command is issued to shut off the distributor 49, the cavity of the cylinder 20 is connected to the atmosphere, the piston 21 rises in

the original position by the action of the springs 40. The additional disk 19 with the lower brackets 26 returns to its original position by the action of the springs 41. Under the action of the pressure in the cylinder 47, the slider 3

with the nut 4, turning the screw 5 returns to its highest position.

The press is ready for the next run. During the movement of the slide 3 up, during the technological pause and part of the down stroke, the electric motor 17 accelerates the flywheel 14 to the nominal rotational speed, providing the specified kinetic energy required to deform the next billet, accumulation of receivers also occurs. 50 and 51 compressed air.

The proposed design provides the ability to install all rotating parts on rolling bearings and therefore does not require a constant supply of lubricant to the rubbing surfaces, and also reduces the frictional forces acting in the clutch disengagement mechanism and ensures the stability of the latency time, which improves the accuracy adjusting the effort to deform the blanks and press reliability.

The springs 41 hold the upper 25 and Bottom 26 brackets in a position whereby the axes of the sleeves 29 and the axles 30 are located along the radii of the additional disk 19, which ensures that the additional disk 19 does not have a beating of the additional disk 19 at the most crucial moment - before the coupling starts 19 is in the free state. Restriction of the vertical movement of the additional disk 19 by the upper brackets 25 and the cover 28

ipttef

creates greater rigidity and reliability in the operation of the clutch disengagement mechanism.

Thus, the implementation of the invention improves reliability.

Claims (1)

Claims of the invention: A screw press comprising a slider mounted in the guide beds with a nut fixed in it, an articulated thread with a screw placed rotatably in the bed supports, a driving flywheel and a screw with a screw and a piston connecting the flywheel with a cylinder and a piston, driving, driven and additional disks, coupling unit of the coupling piston with an additional disk with a return spring connected at one end with the coupling piston, support for limiting the position of the elements of the communication unit, mounted on the frame power cylinders Rows with rods connected to the slider, as well as pneumatic cylinders of the stops installed on the flywheel restrict the rotation of an additional disk with throttles, characterized in that, in order to increase reliability, the communication unit of the piston of the clutch with an additional disk is made in the form of piston mounted on bearings couplings of brackets and on an additional disk brackets with bushings and eccentrically fixed in the last axles, while the bushings are mounted on bearings in one of the brackets, and axes on bearings in other brackets, and the return spring is connected to the other end with an additional disk bracket. Type A L 16 15 39.40 35 f f JL  sf Put t with About WITH cm WITH CD "M J eight 2/23 29 L 26 FIE.7 fa h FIG. eight 40 FL five FIG. 9