JPS6257728A - Forging press - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To reduce vibrations and noises and, at the same time, to efficiently perform working of free forging of a fixed thickness, by changing the rotational movement of an eccentric shaft to the vertical movement of a slider and moving upward-downward a press ram through a movable frame. CONSTITUTION:An eccentric shaft 7 is rotated by means of a primer mover (not shown in the figure) and, by utilizing the rotation, a vertical slider 5 is moved upward-downward through a horizontal slider 6. The movable frame main body 15 of a movable frame 26 is firmly contacted with the slider 5 by means of the piston 17a of a safety cylinder 17 and a press ram 22 is fitted to a top frame 25 fixed to the frame main body 15 with columns 24 by means of a feed screw 27 under a condition where the vertical position of the ram 22 can be adjusted. By moving the slider 5 upward and downward, the press ram 22 is moved in the vertical direction together with the movable frame main body 15 and top frame 25 and a work W is forging-pressed between a top tool 33 fitted to the lower end of the ram 22 and a bottom tool 34 fitted to a fixed frame 2.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention (Field of Industrial Application) The present invention relates to a forging press used for hot free forging of metal materials, and in particular, to a forging press used for hot free forging of metal materials. This relates to a mechanical press for forging that has five downward movements.

(Prior Art) Drop hammers have conventionally been mainly used as forging machines for hot free forging of metal materials. This drop hammer works by causing a press ram to fall freely or forcibly using high-pressure air, steam, etc., and absorbing the falling energy of the ram into the workpiece. This type of door 0bhammer has a relatively simple structure,
Although a large capacity can be obtained, on the other hand, a part of the falling energy of the press ram is transmitted to the foundation through the workpiece and vibrates the ground, resulting in vibration pollution. Therefore, when using a drop hammer, it is necessary to install a large-scale vibration isolating device to prevent vibrations from being transmitted to the ground. Also, a drop hammer like this.

Since the workpiece is subjected to impact processing using a press ram, it is inevitable that loud noises will be generated during processing.
It also causes significant pain to the worker who operates the hammer.

Due to these problems, hydraulic presses have recently been increasingly used for free forging as well. This hydraulic press uses a pump to pressurize a hydraulic medium such as water or oil, guides the generated high-pressure liquid to a cylinder, and applies the force generated by the cylinder to the workpiece to shape it into a predetermined shape. It consists of a pump device that generates high-pressure fluid, a pressure fluid flow direction switching valve that moves the press ram that presses the workpiece in the vertical direction, and a safety valve that regulates the maximum pressure. These are connected to the cylinder by hydraulic piping. According to such a hydraulic press, the workpiece is pressed and processed by the press ram, so the generation of vibration and noise is reduced.

(Problem to be solved by the invention) However, even in such a hydraulic press, when trying to move the cylinder at high cycles, the pressure fluid in the piping vibrates greatly due to surge pressure, causing loud noise. As a result, high-cycle machining is almost impossible. In addition, pressurized fluid has significantly higher compressibility than steel materials, and leaks in the pressure fluid supply system and cylinders are unavoidable, so forging tools such as dies come into contact with the workpiece and machining is interrupted. The time from start to finish must be sufficiently long, which results in an extremely long contact time between the tool and the workpiece.
During this time, the heat of the workpiece is transferred to the tool, raising the temperature of the tool, which significantly shortens the life of the tool. Therefore, it is being considered that the tool can be cooled down.

Because the surface of the workpiece in contact with the tool is rapidly cooled, surface cracks may occur in the workpiece.

Furthermore, in a hydraulic press, the stop position of the pressurizing stroke is not normally limited, but the static pressure applied to the cylinder is regulated. Therefore, when free forging is performed using such a hydraulic press, if there are errors in the material or shape of the workpiece, the shape of the resulting product will vary, and the thickness of the workpiece will be It is also extremely difficult to change.

The present invention was made in view of these problems, and its main purpose is to reduce vibration and noise, and to shorten the contact time between a tool and a workpiece during forging. The objective is to obtain a purely mechanical forging press.

Another object of the present invention is to make it possible to arbitrarily adjust the interval between tools that clamp a workpiece from above and below;
This allows a product of a predetermined thickness to be obtained.

[Means for solving problems]

In order to achieve this object, the present invention rotates an eccentric wheel shaft using a prime mover, and converts the rotational movement of the eccentric wheel shaft into vertical movement of a slider.

The vertical movement of the slider is transmitted to the press ram. A movable frame that moves up and down together with the slider is provided between the slider and the press ram, and the press ram is supported by the movable frame so that its vertical position can be adjusted.

The press ram and movable frame are connected by a feed screw rotatably supported by the movable frame.
connected to each other. A fixed frame that supports the workpiece is installed at a position facing the press ram.

(Function) With this configuration, when the eccentric wheel shaft is rotationally driven, the press ram reciprocates in the vertical direction with a constant stroke, which is twice the amount of eccentricity of the eccentric wheel shaft. Therefore, the workpiece that is sandwiched and pressed between the upper tool attached to the press ram and the lower tool attached to the fixed frame is machined to a constant thickness. Since the press ram moves up and down in a sinusoidal manner at regular intervals, the workpiece can be processed quietly and quickly.

When changing the thickness of a workpiece, a feed screw supported by a movable frame is rotated.

Then, the press ram moves up and down relative to the movable frame,
The spacing between the upper and lower tools is adjusted.

(Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be explained in detail using the drawings.

The figures show an embodiment of a forging press according to the present invention, and FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view of the press, and FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional side view showing the main parts of the press together with its drive device. be. Moreover, FIG. 3 is a plan view of the drive device.

As is clear from FIG. 1.2, a block-shaped fixed frame 2 is fixedly installed on a foundation l in which a recessed portion is formed by arms 2a, 2a extending in the front and rear direction. A storage section 3 with a rectangular cross section and an open bottom is provided at the lower center of the fixed frame 2. A vertical slider 5 is guided and supported in the storage section 3 by a slider guide 4 so as to be slidable in the vertical direction. The vertical slider 5 has a square shape with a horizontal guide hole 5a formed in the center, and a horizontal slider 6 is supported in the guide hole 5a so as to be slidable in the left-right direction. A bearing hole 6a with a circular cross section is provided in the center of the horizontal slider 6, and an eccentric shaft portion 7a of an eccentric wheel shaft 7 is rotatably fitted into this bearing hole 6a. The eccentric shaft portion 7a is formed to be eccentric with a predetermined amount of eccentricity with respect to the drive shaft portion 7b of the eccentric wheel shaft 7, and together with the drive shaft portion 7b, the eccentric shaft portion 7a is centered around the rotation axis of the drive shaft portion 7b. It is designed to rotate. The eccentric wheel shaft 7 has a drive shaft portion 7b thereof.
is rotatably supported by the fixed frame 2.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, this eccentric wheel shaft 7 is
It is designed to be rotationally driven by a drive device 8.

This drive device 8 consists of a motor 9 as a prime mover, a flywheel 1O, and a reducer 11. A clutch 12 is provided between the flywheel 10 and the reducer 11, and a clutch 12 is provided between the flywheel 10 and the reducer 11. A brake 13 is provided. The output shaft 11a of the speed reducer 11 and the drive shaft portion 7b of the eccentric wheel shaft 7 are connected via a universal joint 14. In this way, the rotation of the motor 9 and the flywheel 10 is transmitted to the eccentric wheel shaft 7 while being decelerated by the reducer 11, and the rotation or stopping of the eccentric wheel shaft 7 is as follows.
It is controlled by operating the clutch 12 and brake 13.

Further, as is clear from FIG. 1, the fixed frame 2 has a movable frame main body 15 in the shape of an opening that vertically passes through both left and right sides of the fixed frame 2.
It is guided by a movable frame guide 16 provided in a penetrating portion of the frame and is supported so as to be movable in the vertical direction.

This movable frame body 15 is connected to the vertical slider 5 by a piston 17a of a safety cylinder 17 provided at the center of its lower part. This piston 17a is integrally fixed to the lower surface of the vertical slider 5, and a hydraulic pressure source such as a hydraulic pump (
Pressure fluid is supplied through hydraulic piping 18 from (not shown). An accumulator 19 and a safety valve 20 are connected to the hydraulic piping 18, so that a constant pressure fluid is always maintained within the safety cylinder 17. In this way, the movable frame main body 15 is configured to move up and down together with the vertical slider 5.

A through hole 15a is provided at the center of the upper part of the movable frame main body 15, and the press ram 22 is
are supported such that the upper and lower i [are adjustable. This press ram 22 is prevented from rotating relative to the movable frame body 15 by a key 23.

- On the upper surface of the movable frame main body 15, there are a plurality of columns 24, 24. ..., the top frame 25 is fixed at regular intervals. Movable frame 26
These movable frame main body 15 and top frame 2
It is composed of 5. And top frame 2
A spherical head 27a of a feed screw 27 is brought into contact with the lower surface of the feed screw 5, and the feed screw 27 is rotatably supported. The feed screw 27 is formed at the axial center of the press ram 22 and is engaged with an internal threaded portion 22a. Further, a plurality of balance cylinders 28 1 , 28 2 , . . . are provided between the top frame 25 and the press ram 22 to constantly bias the press ram 22 in the upward direction. This balance cylinder 28 also plays the role of removing backlash of the feed screw 27.

The press ram 22 is thus connected to the movable frame 26 by the lead screw 27.

A spline shaft 29 is engaged with the axial center of the head 27a of the feed screw 27. This spline shaft 29 is
It is integrated with the rotating shaft of a worm wheel 31 that is rotatably supported on the upper surface of the top frame 25 by a thrust bearing 30, and the worm wheel 31 is rotated by a worm 32 that is rotationally driven by a hydraulic motor or the like. It has become.

An upper tool 33 for forging the workpiece Wt is attached to the lower surface of the press ram 22. Also.

An upper tool 34 for supporting the workpiece W is provided on the fixed frame 2 at a position facing the press ram 22.

Next, the operation of the forging press configured as described above will be explained.

When the motor 9 of the press drive device 8 is driven, the flywheel 10 rotates. In this state, when the brake 13 of the reducer 11 is released and the clutch 12 is connected, the rotation is transmitted to the drive shaft portion 7b of the eccentric wheel shaft 7 via the reducer 11 and the universal joint 14, and the eccentric wheel shaft 7 Rotationally driven. Thereby, the eccentric shaft portion 7 of the eccentric wheel shaft 7
a revolves around the rotation axis of the drive shaft portion 7b,
The horizontal slider 6, to which the eccentric shaft portion 7a is fitted, similarly revolves. At this time, the horizontal slider 6 has its upper and lower surfaces supported by the vertical slider 5, and is configured to be able to slide in the left-right direction. At the same time, the vertical slider 5 is also moved in the vertical direction. In this way, the rotational movement of the eccentric wheel shaft 7 is converted into the vertical movement of the vertical slider 5.

When the vertical slider 5 moves up and down, the safety cylinder 17 provided between its lower surface and the movable frame 26
The movable frame 26 moves up and down integrally. Thereby, the press ram 22 connected to the movable frame 26 similarly moves up and down. In this way, the upper tool 33 attached to the press ram 22 moves up and down with respect to the upper tool 34 attached to the fixed frame 2, and the workpiece W inserted therebetween is forged.

At this time, the vertical stroke of the upper tool 33 is twice the eccentricity of the eccentric wheel shaft 7. Therefore, the workpiece W is always processed to a constant thickness. Also, upper tool 3
3 moves up and down in a sinusoidal manner as the eccentric shaft 7 rotates, so that vibrations and noise generated during forging are reduced. The pressurizing reaction force of the forging is transmitted from the upper tool 33 and the press ram 22 through the feed screw 27 to the top frame 25 fixed to the movable frame body 15 by the column 24. etc. are formed as rigid members and the amount of elastic deformation is small, so their forging can be completed in a short time. Therefore, the contact time between the tool 33.34 and the workpiece W can be shortened, and the heat transfer from the workpiece W to the tool 33.34 is reduced, thereby improving the durability of the tool 33.34. I can do it. Furthermore, even when the tools 33 and 34 are cooled, cracks can be prevented from forming on the surface of the workpiece W.

If an overload is applied due to an error or the like during forging, the pressure fluid in the safety cylinder 17 is pushed out by the piston 17a. This prevents overload from acting on the movable frame 26, feed screw 27, etc., and prevents damage thereto. The pressure fluid pushed out from the safety cylinder 17 is temporarily stored in the accumulator 19, and is returned to the safety cylinder 17 once the overload is removed.

When changing the forging thickness during forging, the worm 32 is rotationally driven to the right or left by a hydraulic motor or the like. Then, the worm wheel 31 rotates,
The feed screw 27 is rotated clockwise or counterclockwise via the spline shaft 29. The press ram 22 then presses the key 23.
Since the rotation of the feed screw 27 is suppressed by the rotation of the feed screw 27, the feed screw 27 moves downward or upward. In this way, the vertical position of the upper tool 33 attached to the press ram 22 with respect to the upper tool 34 is changed, and the interval therebetween, that is, the machining thickness, can be quickly adjusted.

During this period, the backlash of the threaded joint between the feed screw 27 and the press ram 22 is caused by the balance cylinder 2
8, the processing thickness can be adjusted very accurately. Further, since the feed screw 27 is used, fine adjustment thereof is possible, and furthermore, the press ram 22 can be reliably stopped from the load applied from the press ram 22 side. By using a worm 32 and a worm wheel 31 driven by a hydraulic motor or the like as a rotational drive mechanism for the feed screw 27, the mechanism can be made compact and can be easily operated remotely. You can do it like this.

In the above embodiment, the rotational movement of the eccentric wheel shaft 7 is converted into vertical movement by the horizontal slider 6 and the vertical slider 5. The slider can also be made into a single slider.

Furthermore, although the feed screw 27 is powered by a hydraulic motor or the like, it can also be rotated manually.

(Effects of the Invention) As is clear from the above description, according to the present invention, the rotational movement of the eccentric wheel shaft rotationally driven by the prime mover is converted into the vertical movement of the slider, and the vertical movement of the slider is converted into the vertical movement of the slider. Since the information is transmitted to the press ram through the press ram, the press ram moves in a sinusoidal manner in the vertical direction with a constant stroke, and even in free forging, the workpiece is machined to a constant thickness, and the forging Vibration and noise will be reduced. By transmitting power from the eccentric wheel shaft to the press ram using pure mechanical members such as a movable frame with a small amount of elastic deformation, the contact time between the forging tool and the workpiece can be shortened. This can improve tool life. In addition, it becomes possible to perform high-cycle forging, increasing processing efficiency.

Furthermore, the press ram and the movable frame are connected by a feed screw, and by rotating the feed screw, the vertical position of the press ram with respect to the movable frame is adjusted.

The spacing between forging tools can be set quickly and accurately, and the machining thickness can be easily changed. Therefore, processing efficiency can be further improved.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing an embodiment of a forging press according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal side view showing the main parts of the press together with its driving device, and FIG. 3 is a plan view of the driving device. l...Foundation 2...Fixed frame 5.
...Vertical slider 6...Horizontal slider 7...
Eccentric wheel shaft 8... Drive device 9... Motor (
original! lJ machine) 10...Flywheel 11...Reducer 15...Movable frame body 17...Safety cylinder 17a...Piston 18
...Hydraulic pressure piping 19...Accumulator 22...Press ram 25...Top frame 26...Movable frame 27...Feed screw 28...Balance cylinder 33...Upper tool 34... Upper tool W...
・Processed products

Claims (3)

[Claims] (1) An eccentric wheel shaft 7 that is rotationally driven by a prime mover 9; a slider 5 that engages with the eccentric wheel shaft 7 and is moved up and down by the rotational movement of the eccentric wheel shaft 7; and a slider 5 that is connected to the slider 5 and that is connected to the eccentric wheel shaft 7; a movable frame 26 that moves up and down with the movable frame 26; a press ram 22 that is attached to the movable frame 26 and moves up and down with the movable frame 26; a fixed frame 2 that is provided opposite the press ram 22 and supports the workpiece W; and the press ram 22
is supported by the movable frame 26 in a vertically adjustable manner, and the press ram 22 and the movable frame 26 are coupled to each other by a feed screw 27 rotatably supported by the movable frame 26. A forging press featuring: (2) A balance cylinder 28 for removing backlash that urges the press ram 22 upward is provided between the press ram 22 and the movable frame 26. Claim 1 Forging press described in section. (3) The forging press according to claim 1, characterized in that a safety cylinder 17 to which an accumulator 19 is connected is provided between the slider 5 and the movable frame 26.