SU1662626A1 - Method for purification water by filtration - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the purification of natural and waste water by filtration and allows for an increase in the cleaning efficiency by increasing the filtration rate and reducing the consumption of wash water. The purified water enters through the pipeline 12 into the casing of the contact clarifier, passes the supporting gravel layers 4-7 and enters the filtering layers, the first of which consists of grains of 2.0-1.2 mm in height (8) at a height of 0.9 - 0.7 m, the second / 9 / - of grains with a particle size of 1.2 - 0.7 mm with a height of 1.0 - 0.8 m and the last / 10 / - of grains with a grain size of 0.7 - 0.3 mm with height 0.3 - 0.5 m, while using layers of loading with a porosity of 0.60 - 0.52 with a reference hydraulic slope of not more than 0.26, density (0.25 - 0.28) ^. 10 ³ kg / m ³ and an equivalent diameter of the entire layer of 0.9 - 0.99 mm. The method allows to increase the filtration rate to 8 - 10 m / h, reduce the cost of washing by 3 times, improve the quality of purified water. 1 dw., 2 tab.

Description

This invention relates to a technique for the purification of natural Inexact waters by filtration.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the cleaning efficiency by increasing the filtration rate and reducing the consumption of wash water.

The drawing shows a contact clarifier for carrying out the water purification process.

The contact clarifier includes a housing 1 in which a distribution system in the form of pipes 2 with apertures 3 is located. The distribution system is placed in layer 4 with a grain of 40-20 mm in size, above which is an abstinent layer 5 of grain with a size of 20-10 mm, layer 6 of gravel size of 10-5 mm and a layer of 7 gravel size of 5-2 mm. Filter layers are laid on gravel layers: first

in the course of the water movement, layer 8 with a particle size of 2-1.2 mm and a height of 0.9-0.7 m, a second layer 9 with a particle size of 1.2-0.7 mm and a height of 1.0-0.8 m and an additional last one In the course of the movement of the water being purified, a layer 10 (filtering diaphragm) with a particle size of 0.7-0.3 mm with a height of this layer of 0.3-0.5 m.

The contact clarifier is equipped with collecting chutes 11, pipelines are connected to housing 1 for supplying purified water (12), for draining filtrate (13), for draining washing water (14), for emptying contact clarifier (15) and for supplying wash water (16) .

Example 1. On a contact clarifier, water of the following quality is purified: turbidity 40 mg / dm, alkalinity 4.3 mEq / dm. pH 7.1. Before cleaning, coagulant is introduced into water. The method of water purification is carried out on a contact clarifier

hoooo hoo hoo

by feeding it into the housing 1 through the pipeline 12 to the distribution system 2 and passing upwards through the supporting layers of gravel and layers of granular filter loading with a density of (2.5-2.8) 103 kg / m3, the first (8) of which are in the direction of movement water consists of grains with a particle size of 2.0-1.2 mm with its height of 0.9 m, the second (9) - of grains with a particle size of 1.2-0.7 mm with a height of 0.8 m, and an additional last one along the movement purified water (10) - from grains with a particle size of 0.7-0.3 mm with a height of 0.3 m.

As a filtering load, fuel slag from the Burshtyn TPP with a reference hydraulic slope of not more than 0.26 is used, the intergranular porosity of the layer is 0.60-0.52, the equivalent grain diameter of the filter layer is 0.99. The filtrate through the collecting channels 11 is withdrawn from the core through line 13.

After the completion of the filtration process, the layer is washed in an upward flow of wash water by feeding it through pipeline 16 with an intensity of 15–18 dm3 / s m2 and diverting through pipelines 14 and 15.

For comparison, the water purification process is carried out on a contact clarifier loaded with quartz sand, with the height of layer 8 being equal to 1.2 m, the height of layer 9 being equal to 0.8 m with an equivalent grain diameter of 1.25 mm.

Data on water purification are given in table.1.

From tab. 1 it follows that the implementation of the method of purifying water on a contact clarifier with loading from fuel slag makes it possible to increase the filtration rate due to high porosity and a small hydraulic slope, to reduce the water consumption for washing, the duration of discharge of the first filtrate, the consumption of coagulum and improve the quality of water treatment.

Example 2. Water purification of the following quality is carried out on a contact clarifier: turbidity 60 mg / dm3, alkalinity 4-7 mg eq / dm3, pH 6.9

The method of water purification is carried out by passing it on a contact clarifier No. 1 through layers of filtering charge from the fuel slag of Burshtynskaya GRES,

5 the first (8) of which in the course of the movement consists of grains with a particle size of 2.0-1.2 mm with a layer height of 0.7 m, the second (9) - of grains with a particle size of 1.2-0.7 mm with a height of layer 1 , 0 m, and an additional follow along

10 movements of water (10) - from grains with a particle size of 0.7-0.3 mm with a height of 0.5 m.

For comparison, cleaning is carried out on contact clarifier No. 2 with a filtering layer from fuel slag Burshtynsk SDPP, while layer 8 consists of grains of 2.0-1.2 mm in size at a height of 1.2 m, layer 9 is of grain 1.2-0.7 mm with a layer height of 1.0 m.

Water purification results are given in

20 tab. 2

From tab. 2 that the implementation of the method of water purification on the contact clarifier No. 1 is more effective

25

thirty

35

40

45

Claims (1)

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A method for purifying water by filtration, comprising passing water from the bottom upwards through layers of granular filter loading with a density of (2.5-2.8) 103 kg / m, the first of which, in the course of the water movement, consists of grains of 2.0-1 , 2 mm, and the second - from grains of size 1.2-0.7 mm with a height of this layer 1.0-0.8 m, washing the layers in an upward flow of water with an intensity of 15-18 dm / cm, characterized in that in order to increase the cleaning efficiency by increasing the filtration rate and reducing the consumption of wash water, flow of water through the last layer along the movement of the water being purified with a grain size of 0.7-0.3 mm, height 0.5-0.3 m with a height of the first layer 0.9-0.7 m, using loading layers of porosity 0 60-0.52 with a standard hydraulic slope of not more than 0.26 and an equivalent grain diameter of 0.9-0.99 mm DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION A method for purifying water by filtration, comprising passing water from the bottom upwards through layers of granular filter loading with a density of (2.5-2.8) 103 kg / m, the first of which, in the course of the water movement, consists of grains of 2.0-1 , 2 mm, and the second - from grains of size 1.2-0.7 mm with a height of this layer 1.0-0.8 m, washing the layers in an upward flow of water with an intensity of 15-18 dm / cm, characterized in that in order to increase the cleaning efficiency by increasing the filtration rate and reducing the consumption of wash water, flow of water through the last layer along the movement of the water being purified with a grain size of 0.7-0.3 mm, height 0.5-0.3 m with a height of the first layer 0.9-0.7 m, using loading layers of porosity 0 60-0.52 with a standard hydraulic slope of not more than 0.26 and an equivalent grain diameter of 0.9-0.99 mm Table 1 Continuation of table 1 table 2 - -R - - . {. :::. //// LK / 1 / J