SU1661541A1 - Furnace of hot-water boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to furnace technology and is intended for use in heating boilers. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of combustion of low-grade ground coal. The boiler furnace has a combustion chamber 1 with a water grate 2 that is U-shaped in cross section 2. Under the grate 2 there is a duct 3, and inside the water-cooled agitator 4 that can be rotated about axis 5, which is located not above the upper edges of the grate 2 . On the lateral sides of the grille 2, nozzles 6 of secondary air are installed, directed at an angle α = 45 - 90 ° to the plane of symmetry of the grille 2 towards its front wall. At the rear wall of the grill 2, nozzles 8 are additionally installed, communicating with the blast duct 3 and directed toward the front wall of the grill 2. The inlets 10 of the pipelines 9, through which the nozzles 8 and the duct 3 communicate, are located at the bottom of the latter. Ash removal from the combustion device is carried out through an opening 11 in the rear wall of the grill 2, closed by the first gate, and through a slotted recess in the bottom of the grill 2, located along its entire length. An asphalt pipe 14 adjoins the recess, communicating with it through the openings 15 and with the duct 3 on the side of its bending end. Inside the pipe 14 is placed a second gate in the form of a corner with slots 17 in its side shelves, mounted with the possibility of its reciprocating movement. The rear end of the pipe 14 is closed by the third gate. The blowing air and the stirrer 4, with constant rocking, create on the grill 2 a so-called "mechanically boiling" layer. 2 hp f-ly, 5 ill.

Description

The invention relates to furnace technology and is intended for burning solid fuel in heating boilers.

The aim of the invention is to improve the quality of combustion of low-grade crushed coal.

Figure 1 shows the boiler with the proposed furnace device, longitudinal section; figure 2 - section aa in figure 1; on fig.Z - section bb in figure 1; FIG. 4 shows the node I in FIG. figure 5 - node II in figure 1.

The boiler device contains a combustion chamber 1 with a water-cooled grate 2, U-shaped in cross-section, under which a blast duct 3 is placed. Inside the grate 2, there is a water-cooled agitator 4, which can be rotated about an axis 5 not higher than the upper faces of the lattice 2. On the lateral sides of the latter, nozzles 6 of secondary air are installed, directed at an angle a 45-90 ° to the plane 7 of the symmetry of the lattice 2 towards its front wall and the coal supply. Nozzles 8 are also installed above the grill 2 at its rear wall, also directed towards the front wall and communicating with the blast duct 3 by means of air ducts 9, whose inlets 10 are located at the bottom of this duct 3. The ash removal system of the furnace device is made in the form of an aperture 11 the rear wall of the grid 2, closed by the gate 12, and the slotted recess 13 in the bottom of the grid 2, located along its entire length. To the recess 13, below, is the oil-filling pipe 14, which communicates with it through the openings 15, as well as with the duct 3 from its front end. Inside the pipe 14 there is another gate 16, made in the form of a corner with slots 17 in its side shelves. The slide 16 is mounted for longitudinal displacement, the slots 17 in its shelves coincide in one of its extreme positions with the openings 15 of the slotted recess 13 of the grill 2, and the rear end pipe 14 is closed by the third gate 18.

The device works as follows.

Fuel - low-grade crushed coal is supplied from the bunker 19 by the feeder 20 through the chute 21. It is thrown into the combustion chamber 1 through the loading window 22 with air supplied through the pipeline 23 from the fan 24, and is distributed through the burning layer located on the grid 2. Air is supplied from the same fan 24 through the channels 25 and 26 to the blow box 3 and the downpipe pipe 14. From the box 3, air

enters the combustion of fuel, located on the grid 2, through the holes 27 in it. The stirrer 4, constantly rocking by a drive (not shown), creates on the grid 2 together with the blowing air a so-called mechano-boiling layer. Due to the measures taken and the cooling of the grid 2 and the mixer 4, the combustion of the fuel in the bed occurs at a low temperature (750,950 ° C). The 2 heavy particles accumulated in the lower part of the lattice and the ash formed are removed by air through the drain pipe 14 when the gate 18 is periodically moved to the Open position in

boiler room ash removal system. The hole 11 with the gate 12 serves to additionally remove ash in case of need. Particles of fuel falling through the holes 27 in the grille 2 in the blast

the duct 3 is transported by air to its rear wall, and then through pipes 9 and through nozzles 8 it is blown again into the combustion chamber 1. The air supplied through the nozzles 6 mixes the over-layer gases and, extending them

the path in the furnace volume contributes to the afterburning of both the gaseous products of incomplete combustion of the fuel and the particles of entrainment.

Thus, a more efficient use of low-grade is ensured.

high ash fuels.

Claims (3)

1. A heating boiler boiler device containing a combustion chamber with a concave grate, a blowing box located under it, a water-cooled stirrer installed with the possibility of its swing relative to the grate axis, and an ash removal system, characterized in that, in order to improve the quality of combustion of low-grade ground coal, the grate is made with a U-shaped cross section and water-cooled, the swing axis of the stirrer is not higher than the upper edges of the grid, and on the sides of the latter, secondary blow nozzles are installed, directed at an angle a 45-90 ° to the plane of symmetry of the grid towards its front wall and coal handling. 2. Pop-1 device, which differs from the fact that, in order to catch and after-burn the hole, nozzles are additionally installed above the grate at its rear wall, directed towards the front of its wall and communicating with the blow duct from the rear wall of the latter at its bottom. 3. The device according to claims 1 and 2, that is, so that the ash removal system is made in the form of a hole with a gate in the rear wall of the lattice and a slotted recess in the lower part of the lattice along its entire length with the adjacent to the bottom of the bottom of the oil-filling pipe, which communicates with it through the holes in the recess, and with the blowing duct on the front side of the pipe, the inside of the pipe is mounted with the possibility of longitudinal movement of the angle gate with slots in the side shelves positions with slotted holes the lattice and the rear end of the pipe is closed by the gate. g P7 / - - ff - fr)  one ID Rig. 2 Bb 17 15 sixteen P 18