SU1654753A1 - Device for converting rotational speed to code - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a control measuring technique and can be used in mechanical engineering, in particular, in CNC machines, robotic systems, etc. The goal is to enhance the functionality of the device converting angular velocity into a code by determining the sign of angular velocity and angle of rotation. The device contains a light source, an opaque disk with a diaphragm, a linear multi-element photodetector associated with the processing unit, a scanner and synchronization unit associated with the photoreceiver, the processing unit and the input processing code generation unit that is also associated with the processing unit, and the outputs which are the outputs of the device, and the diaphragm is made in the form of an Archimedes spiral, and the photodetector is made sweep. 4 il. SP

Description

The invention relates to measurement and control technology and can be used in mechanical engineering, in particular, in CNC machines, work-engineering systems, and in technological process automation systems.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the functionality of the angular velocity transducer into a code by determining the sign of the angular velocity and the angle of rotation.

Fig. 1 shows a functional diagram of the device for converting an angular velocity into a code: Fig. 2 is a view of a disk spiral (a), a functional diagram of a photodetector (b), a functional diagram of a scanner and synchronization (c); FIG. 3 is a functional diagram of a signal processing unit (a), a functional diagram of an output code generation unit (b); in FIG. A: timing diagrams of the device operation.

The device contains a light source 1, an opaque disk 2 with a diaphragm in the form of a spiral 3, a linear multi-element photodetector 4 with a matrix linear phase-sensitive surface, the control, triggering and clocking inputs of which are connected to the scanner 7 and synchronization unit 7, and its output via bus 8 is connected to the signal input of the signal processing unit 9, to the control input of which the bus output 10 is connected to the clock output of the sweep and synchronization unit 7, the synchronization output and the high-frequency output of which is connected via the bus 12 to the clock 11 and clock input 13 form an output block code, respectively. To signal

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An output of the signal processing unit 9 is connected to the input of the output code generating unit via the bus 14. The outputs of the output code generating unit over the buses 15-17 are the outputs of the device. Tires 15-17 provide information about the angular speed, direction and angle of rotation, respectively. The spiral can be made in the form of an Archimedes spiral (Fig. 2a).

A multi-element sweep photodetector 4 may, for example, be designed as an integral MOS photodiode of one matrix 18 with embedded erasers 19 and read 20 registers, the outputs of which are connected to the erase and read inputs of the optical elements of the array, the registers have one trigger and two clockwise input (Fig.26).

The sweep and synchronization unit 7 contains a pulse generator 21, a trigger 22, a frequency divider 23 and a delay unit 24, a clock output of the pulse generator 21 is connected to the control input of the signal processing unit 9 and is the trigger trigger input 22, and the high-frequency output 12 connects to The output code generation unit 13, the trigger 22, the frequency divider 23 and the delay unit 24 are sequentially connected one after the other and their outputs are the control inputs of the photoreceiver 4, the signal output of which is bus 8.

The signal processing unit 9 comprises an amplifier 25, a sampling and storage unit 26, a low-pass filter 27, an amplitude discriminator 28 containing successively connected amplitude detector 29 and a comparator 30, the second input of which is connected to the input of the amplitude detector 29. Amplifier 25 , a sampling and storage unit 26, a low-pass filter 27 and an amplitude discriminator 28 are connected in series with each other. The output of the photoreceiver 4 is the input of the amplifier 25, the clock output of the amplifiers 25, the clock output 10 of the scanning and synchronization unit 7 is connected to the synchronization input of the sample and storage unit 26. The output of the amplitude discriminator is the output of the signal processing unit.

The output code generation unit 13 contains four triggers 31-34, four AND 35-38 circuits, an OR 39 circuit, a reversible counter 40, a counter 41. The first input of the AND 35 circuit is connected to the counting input of the trigger 31 and the output of the signal processing unit 9 via bus 14 and the second input - with the counting trigger output 32, and the output - with the first input of the circuit OR 39. The first and second inputs of the AND 36 circuit are connected to the trigger output 31 and to the trigger output 32 and bus 12, respectively, and the output to the second input of the circuit OR 39, the output of which is connected to the first inputs of the circuits AND 37 and 38, the outputs of which are connected to counting inputs of the counter 40. The second inputs of the circuits 37 and 38 are connected to the direct inverse outputs of the trigger 34. The counting input of the trigger 32 via the bus 12 is connected to the high-frequency output of the scanning unit 7 and combined with the second input of the circuit 36. The reset input of the trigger 34 is the synchronization input 11 of the output code generation unit 13 and combined with the input of the trigger 34 and the zeroing input of the counter 41, whose outputs on the bus 17 are the device outputs in a rotation angle. The trigger input 32 is a clock input of the output code generation unit 13. The outputs of the circuits 37 and 38 are connected to the direct and reverse count inputs of the reversible counter 40, respectively, whose outputs on the bus 15 are the device outputs in terms of speed. The zero output of the counter 40 is connected to the first input of the trigger 33, the second input of which is combined with the device synchronization output 42, and the output of the trigger 33 via the bus 16 is the device output in the direction of rotation.

The device works as follows.

The light flux from the source of light 1 passes through an opaque rotating disk 2 to a fixedly mounted multi-element sweep photodetector 4 mounted parallel to the surface of the disk 2. Light, a passage through the diaphragm in the form of a helix 3, falls on a multi-element deploying photoreceiver 4 in the form of a light strip, the position of which is the multi-element sweep photodetector 4 is determined by the rotation angle of the disk 2. In the case of using the Archimedes spiral, the relationship between them will be linear.

The scanning and synchronization unit 7 generates signals that ensure the performance of signal conversion operations from a multi-element scanning photodetector 4:

control pulses with a ratio of 4 and shifted relative to each other by half a period (Fig.46, c), which are supplied via bus 5 to the clock inputs of the multi-element sweep photodetector 4:

clock pulses of a duty cycle 2, which are supplied via bus 10 to the control inputs of the signal processing unit 9:

the pulses for triggering the erase register 19 and readout 20, which are delayed relative to each other at time intervals ТНа cop. scanner of the photodetector 4 (Fig.4g, d), which are supplied via bus 6 to the inputs of the multi-element scanner photoreceiver 4, as well as through bus 11 to the input of the output code generation unit 13.

Tnakop accumulation time interval. determines the exposure and, consequently, the sensitivity of the photodetector 4. In addition, the scanning and synchronization unit 7 generates high-frequency pulses that are fed through the bus 12 to the output code generation unit 13. The frequency of these pulses is 10-100 times higher than the frequency of the clock pulses.

In accordance with the listed control signals, which are formed in the scanning and synchronization unit 7. The following operations are performed to improve the image of the light mark on the photodetector 4.

The image of the light mark on the photodetector 4 (Fig. 4a) causes a change in the voltage level in individual cells of the integral MOS photodiode array 18, resulting in the distribution of the output signal of the photodiode cells in time when read is proportional to the spatial distribution of the light intensity over the cross section of the light mark coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the photodetector 4.

The erase register 19 ensures that the signal level of the cells of the photodiode array 18 is reset. With a time shift in the Tcopac interval, the read register 20 provides a sequential switching of each photodiode cell of the array 18 to the output of the photoreceiver 4. The current signal from the output of the photoreceiver 4 to the input of the signal processing unit 9 is converted into voltage and amplified. The signal is then fed to sampling and storage unit 26 for storage for the time interval between polling the neighboring cells of the photodiode array 18 (Figure 4e). The signal from the output of block 26 of the sample and storage (Fig. 4e) is fed to the input of the low-pass filter 27, from which the electrical equivalent of the optical image of the mark is video (Fig. 4g) is fed to the input of the amplitude detector 29 and the comparator 30 in series. A rectangular pulse is formed at the output of the comparator 30 (FIG. 4g), proportional to the width of the light mark, which is achieved by setting the gain coefficient of the amplitude detector 29

equal to 0.5. Due to this, with possible changes in the intensity of the light source, irregularity of the amplitude of the video signal level due to instability

the light flux on the photodetector 4, the pulse duration will remain constant.

From the output of the signal processing unit 9, the signal is applied to one of the inputs of the unit 13

0 forming the output code, which provides a measurement of the time intervals between the beginning of the survey and the middle of the video pulse (Fig.4L). For this, a time interval is allocated.

5 from the beginning of the polling to the leading edge of the video impulse using the trigger 31 and filling it with pulses of frequency f ″ h, coming through the bus 12 using the And 36 circuit (FIG. 4i). Video pulse zapapn

0 pulses with frequent. fn h / 2, formed by tshgerom 32 using the element And 35 (fig 4k). At the output of the OR 39 circuit, the sum of these bursts of pulses is allocated, the number of pulses in which is proportional to the coordinate of the center of the light mark on the photodetector 4 (Fig 4L) which in turn is proportional to the angle of rotation of the disk 2. These pulses are counted by counter 41

0 With the help of the trigger 34 are formed

pulses separating adjacent even and odd sweep periods. The trigger 34 is controlled from the synchronization input of the output code generation unit 13

5 bus 11. When the first pulse arrives, the unit level from the direct output of flip-flop 34 arrives at the input of circuit AND 37. which passes the formed packet of pulses from the output of circuit OR 39 to the input

0 direct counting counter 40. During the next sweep period, the pulse bursts are received through the AND 38 circuit to the countdown input of the counter 40, which selects the difference number of pulses in the bursts for even and odd periods. The absolute value of this difference is proportional to the magnitude of the velocity. If this difference is negative, then a pulse appears at the zero output of the counter 40, which sets the trigger 33 into one state. The high level on the bus 16 corresponds to the fact that the direction of rotation of the disk 2 and the shift of the light mark coincide with the direction of the sweep of the photodetector 4. Low

Level 5 corresponds to the opposite direction. The magnitude of the rotation angle, which is determined by the counter 41, is allocated to the output of the device via the bus 17.

The scales of the output values of speed and angle of rotation on tires 15 and 17 are determined by the value of the sweep period T and the filling frequency fB.4. If necessary, summation and averaging of the measurement results can be carried out, for which purposes the counters 40 and 41 should be reset less frequently.

Claims (1)

Claims The device converts an angular velocity into a code containing a successively located light source, an opaque code disk with a diaphragm, a linear multi-element photoreceiver associated with the processing unit, characterized in that, in order to extend the functionality by determining the sign of the angular velocity and the angle of rotation, the diaphragm in the opaque disk is made in the form of an Archimedes spiral, the photodetector is made multi-element with a matrix linear photosensitive surface, the block Botko made A single-channel scanner and synchronization unit and an output code generation unit are added; the scanner output and synchronization control outputs are connected to the corresponding photodetector inputs and to the control input of the processing unit; the synchronization and high-frequency outputs of the scanner and synchronization are connected respectively to the synchronization and clock inputs of the block generating the output code, the output of the processing unit is connected to the input of the generating unit of the output code, the outputs of which are the outputs of the device Properties, where the signal processing unit contains a sample-storage unit connected in series, a low-pass filter and an amplitude discriminator, and the control input of the sample-storage unit is the corresponding input of the signal processing unit. } -0- w L one  F G " : L No. I  zo L) 14 II 13 f5 0 ; - 17 & (| | hi Tat 6m. G 1 2Taht Ј.h. t " h r t