SU1648279A1 - Heap cleaner of grain harvester - Google Patents

Description

(54) CLEANING OF CEREAL HEADS OF A GRAIN COMBINE (57) The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely to air-sieve cleaning of combine harvesters. The purpose of the invention is the reduction of grain losses and increased productivity of combine harvesters when working on slopes. Cleaning includes concave upper sieve 2, lower sieve 8, grain auger 13. When the combine moves along the slope, the grain heap, leaving the threshing drum, enters the concave upper sieve 2, the shape of which prevents unloading of the mass in one place, the grain is sifted through the sieve 2 and 8 and gets into the grain auger 13. 1 zpp-f-ly, 7 ill.

FIG. δ

1648279 Al

The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to air-sieve cleaning of combine harvesters.

The purpose of the invention is the reduction of grain losses and increased productivity of combine harvesters when working on slopes.

Figure 1 shows the cleaning of the grain heap of a combine harvester; on · 'figure 2-diagram of the separating element, segmented;, on fig.Z - the same, two-section; figure 4 is the same, three-section; figure 5 is the same, five-section; in Fig.6 - cleaning with segmented separating elements when working on a slope; in Fig. 7 - concave sieve with a slope of 7.5 °.

The cleaning includes a shaking board 1, an upper sieve 2 installed in the upper sieve mill 3. The upper sieve is sealed in relation to the thresher body with seals 4 installed on sections 5 and has an ear grate 6 (extension). A possible embodiment of the sieve of the segments 7. The lower sieve 8 is installed in the sieve mill 9 similar to the installation of the sieve 2 and has the same design and seal with it. The shape and seals of the shaking board are similar. 1. Upper 3 and lower 9 sieve stands; installation. Lena on a two-armed lever 10, driven by a crankshaft 11 connecting rod '12, Grain '13 and spike 14 augers and fan 15 are installed in the lower part of the cleaning.

This technical solution increases the separation area under normal conditions and saves it when working on slopes, the curvature can correspond to a given slope for the operation of the combine. With a rotary threshing apparatus, the center of curvature of the separating elements can coincide with the axis of the rotor or they can have a larger radius R. The distribution of the grain heap on the concave separating elements is carried out within the width of the flat sieve Lp. With the selected parameters (thresher width, radius of curvature R sieves), only limited loading is observed, since point B is slightly higher than point A. You can change the parameters so that point A is higher than point B, i.e. grain heap is not loaded at all.

7 shows a concave sieve with a slope of 7.5 °, i.e. at the level of the slope acceptable for the operation of flat combines. Points A and B in this case are at the same level, while the separating area remains unchanged within the size of Lp (the width of the flat sieve). Figure 7 presents combined both sieves. It can be seen from Fig. 7 that if for the concave sieve the distribution pattern of grain powder did not change, then for the flat sieve it was unloaded to the combine wall. The difference in the height of the layer on both sieves is h \ Thus, on a flat sieve there is a 10 decrease in separation performance, but not on a concave one. This means that a combine with concave separating elements has higher productivity and less loss, taking into account that mass rotation should not occur when turning the separator15, point О (see Fig. 6) should become the new center of the separator, then its curvature must exceed the specified the angle is still the same. In this case, with? - the maximum angle of rotation of the separator, when it actually works half a sieve, if you do not extend the latter even further.

The curvature of the arc is determined by the following known relation. _a ’'• -'MN where a is the angle between the tangents to the points of the arc M and N;

is the length of the circular arc between ^Λ -'θ of the same points.

From the above relations one can determine either the radius R of the surface of the separator, or a 'if Ry shi „ _{from the} thresher of the thresher are known.

K / ό p.

To simplify the design of the control system of blinds of sieves, their curvature can be imitated by sectional execution of sieves and shaking boards. At 4Q, the width of the sieve 2, equal to bp, and the width of the segments 7, equal to bc, the total width of the separator

Bf = -bp + 2b _C and is chosen so that 4g the separation width of bf is maintained at tilt or is greater than the sieve width of bp.

The proposed form of separating elements is more effective in relation to a combine with a rotary threshing apparatus g0, which is characterized by one-sided overload of cleaning due to the greater separation of the heap from the side along the rotation of the rotor.

Hillside cleaning works as follows gg.

The connecting rod 12 from the crankshaft 11 is driven by a two-arm lever 10, transmitting reciprocating movements, pivotally mounted on its upper shoulder and their suspensions, the shaking board 1 and the upper sieve cantha 3, and d,?! .-. W0. Installed on the lower shoulder on the suspension of the lower sieve mill S.

The grain heap entering the shaking board 1 from the hammer drum 6 or rotor under the influence of the vertical-longitudinal effects of the shaking board ί is compressed and moved along it. in this case, the grain through the straw lattice descends to the lower part of the layer and then between the lyals of the lattice of the shaking board 1?

first of all, at the beginning of the upper part 2. Grain mass. It is equal to the breakdown of cases on separating sieves / paooto slopes at an angle i. The straw fraction H descends along the fingers of the trellis of the shaking board and is laid on top of the enniferous layer. Under the action of the air flow from the fan 15, blowing off the air and the lower 8 sieve, the grain powder exploded-2 (it is released and goes into pseudo-buoyancy state. The released grain goes to the grain-screw 13. Weekly about the nth-the fragments of ears are extracted from the whole on the extension of the sieve 6, performed on a pr-2E type according to the shape of the sieve, and goes to the EU-auger screw 14 and further to the domolst,

The proposed design of separating cleaning elements ensures that the post-en'ster is fully prepared for receiving and separating grain heaps at any slopes within the specified limits, reduces the use of steeply inclined combines, • / eliminates the need for complex systems to stabilize the operating mode, or support it? and I position in the horizontal plane of the sieves during the work of the plain Cambridge on the slopes.

Claims (2)

one (21) 4625006/15 (22) 11/14/88 (46) 05/15/91. Bul.№18 (71) Rostov-on-Do Institute of Agricultural Engineering (72) V.P.Lugovoi and Yu.V.Lugovoi (53) 631.354.2 (088.8) (56) Gray G.F. dr. Combine harvesters. M .: Agropromizdat, 1986, p.34, fig.12. (54) CLEANING GRAIN SPARK GRAIN TRADE (57) The invention relates to agricultural machinery, namely air-handling cleaning combine harvesters. The purpose of the invention is to reduce grain losses and increase the productivity of combine harvesters when working on slopes. Cleaning includes a concave top sieve 2, a bottom sieve 8, grain auger 13. When the combine moves on the slope of a grain pile, the exit from the threshing drum falls on a concave top sieve 2, the shape of which prevents the mass from being unloaded in an ice place, the grain is sieved through the sieve 2 and 8 and enters the grain auger 13. 1 z.p. f-ly, 7 ill. with hO H h FIG. five FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to agricultural machinery, in particular to airborne cleaning of combine harvesters. The purpose of the invention is to reduce grain losses and increase the productivity of combine harvesters when working on slopes. Fig, 1 shows the cleaning of the heap of grain combine harvester; in fig. 2 is a diagram of the separating element, segmented;; in FIG. 3, the same two-section; fig, 4, too, three-sectional; na figure 5 same, n-sectional; figure 6 - cleaning with segmental separating elements when working on a slope; Fig. 7 shows a bent sieve with a slope of з 7.5 °. Cleaning includes a page board 1, an upper sieve 2 installed in an upper sieve mill 3. The upper sieve is sealed to the thresher housing with seals 4 installed in sections 5, and has a grille b (extension). A variant of a sieve made of segments 7 is possible. The lower sieve 8 is installed in the sieve mill 9 in a similar manner to the sieve installation 2 and has the same design with Htw sealing. The shape and seal of the one hundred board 1, Top 3 and bottom 9 sieve mills are similar; they are mounted on a double-arm lever 10 driven by xpencha shaft 11 by connecting rod 12 Grain 13 and large 14 augers and fan (5 are installed in the bottom cleaning parts. This technical solution increases the separation area under normal conditions and retains it when working on slopes. The curvature may correspond to a given slope for the operation of the combine. In the case of a rotor threshing unit, the center of curvature of the separating elements may coincide with the axis of the MJTK rotor; they MAY have a larger radius R. Distribution of the grain heap on the concave separating elements is carried out within the width of the flat sieve Lp. With the selected parameters (threshing width, radius of curvature R of sieves), only limited loading is observed, since point B is slightly higher than point A. You can change the parameters so that point A is higher than point B, i.e. unloading of the grain pile at all. 7 shows a concave sieve with a slope of 7.5 °, i.e. at the level of the slope admissible for work of plain combines. In this case, points A and B are from the same ove, while the separation area remains unchanged within the size of Lp (width of the flat sieve). In Fig. 7, both sieves are combined; From Fig. 7 it can be seen that if the pattern of distribution of the grain heap did not change for a concave cusp, then it was unloaded to the wall of the combine for a flat sieve. The difference in layer height on both sieves is h1. Thus, on a flat sieve, there is a decrease in the productivity of csprEoation, but on a concave one there is no. This means that the machine with curved separating elements has higher productivity and less loss, taking into account that when turning the separator there should be no mass loading, point O (see Fig. 6) should become the new center of the separator its curvature must exceed the specified angle. on the same. In this case, a1 is the limit angle of the separator's low-point point, when it actually works by half of the sieve, if not to extend the latter even further. The curvature of the arc is determined by the following known relation Јg and where a is the angle between the tangents to points of the arcs iVl and Ы  - the length of the arc of a circle between the points of the same name. From the above relations one can determine either the radius R of the surface of the separator, or c}, if R is known and the width of the pulverizer. To simplify the construction of the sieves louver control system, their curvature can be simulated by sectional sieves and page boards. With a sieve width of 2 equal to Lp and a width of segments 7 equal to Lc, the total width of the separator  + 2bc and is chosen in such a way that the separation width Lf when tilted is maintained or is greater than the sieve width Lp. more effective is the proposed form of separating elements in relation to a combine with a rotary threshing apparatus, which is characterized by one-sided cleaning clearance due to greater separation of the pile from the side during the rotation of the rotor. Cleaning on the slope works as follows. The connecting rod 12 from the crankshaft 11 is actuated by a double-arm lever 10, transmitting reciprocating-oscillating movements that are installed hingedly on its upper arm and their suspensions of the page deck 1 and the upper sieve with r L1 iz nxrie i r, J3. weight h1 / zhne. u pepe n v Grain pile from to to u. -i-rj srfsn / yudog-ng From fv l :, h s - m il or rotor half of the floor of the s1le.i e el-chchal: rt of long-term influences of the str. on the axle, the permeschee hg and ts grain is compressed through the corof i "vf j re -.- e at o.pd l sc into lower iast -i. en. e;, dui tsami lattice one och sci first ochera nz-chlt; khouche. k, t 2. M. jccasepua jjag-gmesk i f3 suppressors - SKLGNAH UNDER 1LO “Ј7. j4 or8, descends on amber sieves /. Mr. Sio lo 1 and ukpadaytyg, tv b - - nominal slo. Under actions lg - on on. - from the fan 15 sg 2 lower peajera, ORU g) co, c, ps and goes into sozlh, “- c, cc n / e. Leveled ° er h. with ,, . h grain grain 3., v l – chi-t i 5- breaking the wheels saw u with and. its ch-extension of Reshega 6 vyps-z i, - cip on the shape of ourshe.a v. sovoy 14 and a l v-o 1  R 2 . ; L. , . /  i-- - S,. D, - - -h-lg, , -, / W Jf / at/ -, peoj-oir 4 d J 3i a; / ktsig separating  jj, iix epo ar1iEspechmvaet constantly, more completely i ggovnost - reception and sch -h-tsii. -gmoas about a heap on any slant. io ° teene iCi chyh, cuts e-, steep-slope combines, Clu -s - the need for complex systems gtsv ° n out of and. ii pcvHMfc, work or under, epxfi i of horizontal horizontal  ; p, og r and rech st chree to the fringes of the plains kg sv on ipx scle cf o - - IT s gain  O1 of a heap of grain rj norj k-) cfisia, including separating from sg SMI, iy szng / l tor, device for i ot, .o seo 3 and non-milky ko-, g 5, o L i a g c by the fact that, with the aim of r and t of es, ester and increasing production; When working on a slope, the 4 segmentation elements are executed, /, in the transverse plane, along their lateral sections „V. complex above central. 3i and according to claim 1, from l and h and you and sch te1- u about the separating elements of the execute- and sections  D, - - -h-lg, -, / W Jf  j  g H 8 2 Fig.Z Fy FIG. five