SU1645154A1 - Method for manufacturing fireproof chip boards - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the building materials industry and can be used in the production of chipboard used as the upper paneling of walk-through suspended ceilings of industrial buildings, as well as as a finishing material for interior rooms and enclosing building structures. The purpose of the invention is to reduce the residual swelling and the elimination of defects on the edges of the plates. The wood particles are dried to a moisture content of 3–5% and treated with a binder and a water repellent. A carpet is formed from the resulting press mass and hot pressed. The finished plates are placed in an autoclave, where a discharge of 0.06-0.08 MPa is created. While maintaining the vacuum, a solution of a flame retardant is injected, for example, composition No. 13, 10-16% concentration at 40-50 ° C. Then, a pressure of 1-1.4 MPa is created and the plates are kept for 1–2 hours. After a gradual decrease in pressure, the flame retardant is drained and drying vacuum is performed at 0.06-0.08 MPa for 30-50 minutes. The impregnated plates are placed in a drying chamber, where they first create a temperature of 40 - 45 ° C with intensive ventilation, air humidity of 65-75% for 18 - 24 hours. Then the drying temperature is increased to 70 - 80 ° C and dried. plates with an air humidity of 25–30% within 24–36 h until the moisture content of the plates reaches 8–10%. 2 tab. yr

Description

The invention relates to the building materials industry and can be used in the production of chipboard used as the upper paneling of walk-through suspended ceilings of industrial buildings, as well as as a finishing material for interior rooms and enclosing building structures.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce the residual swelling and the elimination of defects on the edges of the plates.

The method is carried out as follows.

The wood particles are made and dried in the usual way to a moisture content of 3-5%. The dried particles are treated with a synthetic binder (for example, a carbamide-formaldehyde resin with a hardener) and a water repellent. A carpet is formed from the resulting press mass and hot pressing is performed. The flow rate of the resin is determined in general terms depending on the required strength of the plates and their purpose.

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The main requirement for the finished plates is their residual strength, the pressing mode is traditional, a pressure of 2.5 - 3.0 MPa, the duration of exposure under pressure of 0.3 - 0.5 min / mm of the plate.

The finished plates are placed in an autoclave, where they create discharges of 0.06 to 0.08 MPa, while maintaining a vacuum, they inject a solution of a flame retardant (for example, composition No. 13, containing diamonium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, and antiseptic — sodium fluoride or ammonium fluorofluoride). % concentration at 40–50 ° C, after which a pressure of 10–14 atm (1.0–1.4 MPa) is continuously created and maintained for 1–2 h. After a gradual decrease in pressure for 20–30 min, tsliv or pumping the flame retardant and drying vacuum at 0.06 - 0.08 MPa for 30 - 50 minutes. Impregnated plates are placed in drying chambers, where they first create a temperature of 40–45 ° C with intensive ventilation, ensuring air velocity of at least 3.–2 m / s and air humidity of 65–75% for 18 g 24 h followed by by raising the temperature to 70–80 ° C and lowering the air humidity to 30–25% and maintaining this mode for 24–36 h until the plate humidity reaches 8–10%.

Example 1. Plates after hot pressing are placed in an autoclave, where a vacuum of 0.08 MPa is created and maintained for 30 minutes. Without removing the vacuum, the autoclave is filled with an aqueous flame retardant solution of 10% concentration at 40 ° C. After filling the autoclave, a pressure of 1.0 MPa is created and maintained for 2 hours. Next, the flame retardant is drained and a vacuum of 0.08 MPa is created with a constant pumping of water vapor from the autoclave for 50 minutes. Impregnated plates are dried at 50 ° C for 24 hours with intensive ventilation, providing air velocity of at least 2 m / s and air humidity of 75%, after which they increase the drying temperature to 80 ° C at the same air circulation rate and its relative humidity is 30%. After 36 h, the drying process is completed. Plates are conditioned at room temperature and tested according to a known method. The impregnation mode is given in table. 1. The test results are shown in Table. 2,

EXAMPLE 2. After hot pressing, the plates are placed in an autoclave, where after evacuation an aqueous solution of flame retardant of 13% concentration with a temperature of 45 ° C is supplied, a pressure of 1.2 MPa is created for 1.5 hours, after which the flame retardant is drained and create a vacuum of 0.07 MPa in

40 minutes, and drying is performed at 47 ° C and 70% air humidity at the first stage (21 hours), and at 75 ° C and 28% air humidity at the second stage (30 hours). Rest

operations as in example 1.

PRI me R 3, Plates are placed in an autoclave, where, after evacuation, an aqueous solution of a flame retardant of 16% concentration with a temperature of 50 ° C is supplied, create

0 pressure of 1.4 MPa for 1 hour, after which vacuum is performed at 0.06 MPa for 30 minutes.

The plates are dried at 45 ° C and 65% air humidity at the first stage in

5 for 18 hours at 70 ° C and 25% air humidity for 24 hours in the second stage. The remaining operations, as in example 1.

EXAMPLE 4 After hot pressing, the plates are placed in an autoclave, where a vacuum of 0.07 MPa is created, a solution of 8% concentration with a temperature of 35 ° C is applied and a pressure of 8 MPa is created for 2.5 hours, after a vacuum of 0.05 MPa is created for 1 hour. Drying is carried out at 55 ° C for 30 hours, the humidity of the air is maintained at 80%. At the second stage, the temperature is raised to 90 ° C and humidity is set at 40%. Dry under this regime 48 hours. The remaining operations, as in example 1.

0 EXAMPLE 5. Plates after hot pressing are placed in an autoclave, where, after creating a vacuum, a solution of 18% concentration with a temperature of 60 ° C is supplied, a pressure of 1.6 MPa is created for 40 minutes

5 followed by vacuuming at 0.09 MPa for 20 minutes.

The plates were dried at 40 ° C, air humidity 60% for 15 minutes at 65 ° C, air humidity at 20% to a final humidity of 8 - 10% (28 hours). The remaining operations, as in example 1.

Example (prototype). Plates after hot pressing at a pressure of 16.6 MPa ° are placed in an autoclave, where they are impregnated

5 with an aqueous solution of flame retardant 2.5% concentration at 20 ° C with a stepped increase in pressure of up to 1.2 MPa in 0.3 MPa steps with a 55 minute exposure at each step. Drying is carried out at 55 ° C in

0 for 65 hours

The plates according to example 4 do not provide the required fire resistance, and according to example 5 they have no advantages as compared with example 3, however, for its implementation

5 special autoclaves are needed, since the usual ones are designed for a pressure of 1.5 MPa.

Thus, the invention makes it possible to shorten the duration of impregnation up to 1 to 2 hours while significantly reducing water absorption and swelling without reducing the amount of flame retardant in the slab, and also significantly reduce waste during drying.

Claims (1)

Claims The method of manufacture of fire-protected particle boards, including the production and drying of crushed wood particles, their treatment with a binder and a hydrophobic agent, the formation of a carpet and hot pressing followed by impregnation with a solution of a flame retardant with a preliminary evacuation and subsequent drying, characterized in that 0 in order to reduce the residual swelling and eliminate scrap on the edges of the plates, the plates after vacuuming are impregnated with an aqueous solution of a flame retardant of 10-16% concentration at a temperature of 40-50 ° C for 1-2 hours at a pressure of 1.0-1.4 MPa , before drying the plates, additional vacuuming is performed at 0.06–0.08 MPa for 30–50 min, and drying is performed at a temperature of 45–50 ° C, air humidity of 65–75% for 18–24 h, followed by aging at temperature 70 - 80 ° C, humidity 25 - 30% for 24 - 36 hours Table 1 Table 2 Continuation of table 2