SU1642020A1 - Method of supporting mine workings - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the fastening of underground mine workings. The purpose of the invention is to increase the speed and reduce the cost of fixing workings. The method of securing the mine workings involves erecting in the excavation of 2 frames of permanent support 3 and tightening of the interframe space with pulls 4. Through the intervals between the puffs 4, the burrow holes (W) 6. By blasting charges of loosening in W 6, the rocks of the marginal massif PM) 8. The magnitude of the explosive charges in W 6 and their number is determined from the condition of filling the fixed space 1 with loosened rock. The magnitude of the PM 8 ozryhleny is determined from the ratio Kp h + b / h, where h is the thickness of the loosening PM layer 8 m, b is the gap between the massif and lining, m. When using the drilling-blasting method of penetration Ш 6 and tunnel Sh 7 bor t, charge and blow up at the same time. Loosening bursts placed in ill 6 blow up first very well. Then, with a slowing down of 50 ms, 3% blown blows in Gooshodch sh. 7. 1 3 p f-ly, 2 ill. WITH

Description

The invention relates to mining, and in particular to methods of attaching underground mine workings.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the fastening speed and reduce the cost of fixing the excavation, as well as to increase the stability of the support during drilling and blasting penetration.

FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the implementation of the proposed method of fastening a mine working; FIG. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. one.

The method is carried out as follows.

In the fixed space 1 of excavation 2, fixed with fixed support frames 3 and with sleeves 4, from hole 5 to a depth h will be holes 6, oriented at an angle

80 ° to the plane of the cross-section of generation. The length of the bore-holes 6 can be taken to be equal to the length of the bore-holes 7. Then, the bores 6 are charged and bored.

By blasting the charges of loosening in bore holes 6, loosen the rocks of the marginal array 8.

The magnitude of explosives in boreholes 6 and their number is determined from the condition of filling the anchored space with loose rock.

The required coefficient of loosening of the marginal layer of rocks is equal to

Yu

K0

h + b

h

(one)

where h is the thickness of the loosening near-boundary rock formation, m;

b - the size of the gap between the array and lining, m

The specific consumption of explosives is determined by the formula

R

qp q

Rat

(2)

where q is the specific consumption of explosives that provides the necessary coefficient of loosening of the host rocks;

p is the operability of the received explosives, cm;

Rat 300 cm3 - the performance of the reference explosive.

Consumption In the amount of entry 3ah. amount to blast on pinned space 1

QP qp.V..GZ)

where V is the volume of loosened rock, m;

Op qp. 3s . h. L, (4)

where L is the perimeter of the roof and sides of production 2, m.

The number of explosive charges in bore holes 6 is equal to

 ,(five)

where qn is the mass of one explosive cartridge, kg.

For a more uniform rock loosening, one explosive cartridge can be placed in the hole. In this case, the number of holes is equal to the required number of charges, i.e.

Pshp Pzar .- (6)

The distance between bore holes 6 along the contour of making 2

A. + 1. (7)

The lines of least resistance and the distance between the holes 6 must comply with the standards.

When using the drilling-and-blasting method of penetrating the workings, the holes 6 and the holes 7 are charged simultaneously. Blasting is carried out at one time. At the same time, the loosening charges placed in boresholes 6 blow up first of all, barely anything with a slowing down of 50 ms, explosive charges blow up in sinking holes.

Blasting holes 6 in one step with holes 7, but leading ahead

five

ten

15

20

25

thirty

35

mutual damping of the shock wave from the bottom 5 and from the side of the fixed space 1, which prevents the destruction of lining 3 and pulling production, while achieving a combination of downhole blasting and works on the reinforcement space, which reduces the time of the passage cycle,

Blasting holes 6 along the anchored space 1 loosens the rock of the near-line thickness 8 with a given loosening coefficient, thereby ensuring the filling of the anchorage space 1 and close contact of the lining 3 with the rock, which ensures uniform lining of the lining, and therefore reduces the cost of maintaining development.

Laying the packing in the fixed space 1 by an explosion eliminates the cost of manual labor and does not require the use of special backfill materials and equipment for filling the fixed space, thereby reducing the cost and labor costs when fixing the workings, increasing the fastening rates and productivity.

Claims (2)

1. A method of securing mine workings, including the erection of a permanent support, drilling holes in the marginal massif and loosening the edge massif, due to the fact that, in order to increase the speed and reduce the cost of fixing, loosening is carried out by blasting into drilled boreholes of explosive charges, while the coefficient of loosening is determined from the ratio KR h + b where h is the thickness of the loosening layer of the marginal array, m; b - the size of the gap between the array and lining, m 2. The way pop. 1, characterized in that, in order to increase the stability of the lining during the drilling and blasting method of penetration, the blasting of explosive charge in the tunnel holes is made with a deceleration after the blasting of loosening charges. Fig1 FIG. g