SU1652593A1 - Method for fixing anchor in rocks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the mining industry. The goal is to increase the anchoring strength of the anchor in rocks. For this purpose, blasting holes 3 are drilled and, in the intervals between them, additional holes 2. Are longer than explosive. In holes 2, only anchors are placed, and holes 3 are camouflaged explosive charges. When blasting the latter, a layer 7 of crushed rock is formed. Moreover, by squeezing the anchors with crushed rocks, they are pressed in the middle part, leaving the ends of the anchors undressed. A tubular rod can be used as an anchor. The cavity of the latter, prior to the blasting of camouflage explosive charges, is filled with bulk material. After blasting, the anchors tighten and install baseplates-8 or purlins. In addition, after blasting, the tubular anchors can be filled with an expanding mass, for example, LDCs. Through holes 3 after the explosion, a hardening composition can be injected into the zone of 7 crushed rocks. 1 ep f-ly, 4 ill. YOU ate hO ate about CJ

Description

Fig 2

The invention relates to the mining industry, in particular to methods for securing mine workings.

The aim of the invention is to increase the strength of anchor securing in rocks.

FIG. 1 shows a cross-section of a mine working before blasting camouflage explosive charges; Fig. 2 shows the same after blasting: Fig. 3 shows a cross-section of the anchor hole before blasting blasting holes; 4, the same after the blasting.

The method of securing the anchor in rocks is as follows.

A series of vertical or inclined holes are drilled into the soil of mine workings 1. Short blast holes 3 are placed between the elongated anchor holes 2. The length of the anchor holes 2 is 2-4 meters. And the blast holes 3 are 2-1.5 meters. Tubular anchors 4 are placed in holes 2, the cavities of which can be filled with bulk material e.g. sand 5. In the bottom part of the holes 3 camouflet charges of explosive 6 are placed. The distance between holes 2 and 3 can be 0.5-1 m and more depending on the charge power b, the depth of the holes and the physicomechanical properties rocks. The weight of charge 6 is 0.2-0.5 kg. Then charges 6 are blown up to form a layered zone of 7 crushed rocks. In this case, by squeezing the anchors 4, the crushed rocks press them in the middle part (Fig. 4), leaving the ends of the anchors undressed.

After this, the anchors 4 are tensioned and the support plates 8 are installed or the soil runs of excavation 1. Due to the lower undeformed parts of the anchors 4 and the middle part being pressed in zone 7, they are firmly fixed to the rocks.

If the cavities of the tubular anchors 4 are not filled before the explosion of the bulk material,

After the explosion, the deformed anchors can be filled with a liquid hardening expanding mass, for example, based on LDCs (non-explosive destructive composition).

Prior to the explosion, the cavities of the tubular anchors 4 can be filled with liquid (water) and sealed, which ensures an increase in the quality of their fixing. If the outer diameter of the tubular anchor is smaller

the diameter of the hole 2, the gap between the walls of the hole and the anchor is filled with sand. In bore holes 2, you can install not only tubular anchors, but cable and others. In this case, the process of pressing them in the rocks during the explosion is similar. In blast holes 3, it is possible to additionally place tubular anchors, which, by the explosion of a charge, in their cavities are destroyed in the lower part and fixed in mountainous

rocks. Through the holes 3 after the explosion, a hardening composition can be injected into the crushing zone 7, for example, cement mortar to reduce the likelihood of soil heaving by generation 1 during its operation.

Claims (2)

1. The method of securing the anchor in rocks, including drilling explosive bore holes, installation of anchors, placement and blasting in the holes of camouflage explosive charges with the formation of a layer zone of crushed rocks, characterized in that, in order to increase the strength of fixing in the intervals between the blasting holes, additional holes are drilled for the length of the blasting holes and the anchors are placed in them, while blasting camouflage explosive charges by squeezing the anchors the rocks press them in the middle section. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that a tubular rod is used as an anchor, the cavity of which, prior to blasting camouflet charges, is filled with explosive material. Fig.I. , / hch /