SU1633234A1 - Hot-water boiler - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a power system and can be used in boilers operating in heating and hot water supply systems. The purpose of the invention is to reduce material consumption by intensifying heat exchange and simplifying manufacturing technology. The boiler contains a furnace located in the housing with front 5, rear and side 7 framing tubular screens, respectively And b 10 11 are connected to the upper and lower headers. Between the side screens 7 and the housing 1 are installed intermediate screens 14 connected to the water inlet nozzles 2 and to their lower and upper collectors 15 and 16, respectively. The water inlet nozzles 2 are connected to the lower collectors 15 of the intermediate screens 14. In the middle part of the front screen 5, a bypass collector 18 is additionally included, made in the form of a closed box. The ends of the tubes of the screens 5, 7, 14 in the zone of their connection to the respective collectors are made narrowed and have an oval shape in cross section, the large axis of which is perpendicular to the collector axis. Screen manifolds 5, 7, 14 and bypass manifold 19 are rectangular in cross section. Due to the implementation of the water circulation pattern of the boiler and the above-mentioned design features, the gas tightness of the boiler is increased, the efficiency and specific heat output of the boiler are increased. 3 hp f-ly, 4 ill. CO с с со с со со i 1 П 1C

Description

The invention relates to a power system and can be used in boilers operating in heating and hot water supply systems.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce material consumption by intensifying the heat exchange process and simplifying manufacturing technology.

FIG. 1 shows a boiler, a cross-section with an internal view of the front; in fig. 2 shows section A-A in FIG. one; in fig. 3 shows a section BB in FIG. 2; in fig. 4 — node I in FIG. 2

The boiler comprises a housing 1 with nozzles for supplying 2 and draining 3 water and a furnace 4 with front 5, rear 6 and lateral 7 framing tubular screens, respectively, connected to its lower collectors 8-10 and upper central collector 11, provided with a transverse a partition 12 forming the dispensing cavity 13, as well as intermediate tubular screens 14 installed between the side screens 7 and the housing 1, connected to the water inlet nozzles 2 and its lower 15 and upper 16 collectors. The upper collector 16 communicates with the dispensing cavity 13 of the upper central collector 11. The water inlet nozzles 2 are connected to the lower collectors 15 of intermediate screens 14, the upper collector 16 of which is located in the central part of the furnace 4 above the upper central collector 11 of the side screens 7, the first movements The water lines of the last 17 pipes are lowered and connected to the dispensing cavity 13 of the central collector 11, and in the middle part of the front screen 5 there is additionally included a bypass collector 18, designed as a lock utogo duct on which is secured the loading door 19. The ends of the pipe screens 5-7 and 14 in the zone connecting them to the headers 8-10 and 15 are made narrower in cross section and have an oval shape whose major axis is perpendicular to the commutator axis.

The collectors 8-10 and 15 of the screens 5-7 and 14 and the bypass collector 18 are rectangular in cross section. At the level of the tapered pipe ends, lanes 20 are additionally attached to the screens. The upper collectors 21 and 22, respectively, of the front 5 and rear screens are connected to the collector 11, and the lower collectors 8 and 9 are connected respectively to the collectors 10.

The heated water is passed from the collector 16 to the collector 11 by means of a pipe 23. Inside the furnace 4, grate 24 is installed for burning solid fuel. Side pipes 7 and 14 intermediate screens form the lowering ducts 25,

which are connected to discharge ducts 26.

The boiler works as follows. When burning on the grate, the flue gases rise up and are directed on both sides of the furnace chamber into the annular gaps formed due to the different lengths of the tubes of the screens 7 in height, then turn 180 ° and pass into the ducts 25 formed with

5 on one side of the side shield pipes 7, and on the other side on the intermediate shield tubes 14. Passing the gas ducts 25, the flue gases enter the external ducts, from which they are sent to the common burs

0 boiler and then into the chimney (not shown). Flue gas flows along the height of the pipes of the intermediate 14 and side 7 screens between their connecting generators are absent due to their tight location (Fig.

5 4) all pipes limiting the perimeter of the combustion chamber and the boiler as a whole. Such a dense arrangement of pipes is achieved due to the fact that the ends of all heat exchanging pipes are oval-shaped and welded into the collector holes having a reciprocal shape.

Since the hot flue gases in the flue gas rotation zone in the duct 25 are directly washed only by the pipes of the intermediate screens 14, which are tightly attached

to each other, the brickwork of the boiler can be

made of less scarce lining materials and of smaller thickness.

The circulation of water in the boiler is carried out as follows.

The return water is supplied to the boiler and through two water inlet nozzles 2 enters the collectors 15, in which each stream is distributed in parallel along all the pipes of the intermediate screens 14 connected to them, rises upwards, and the heated water is collected in the upper collector 16. Then, through the bypass pipe 23, water is directed to the collector 11, which unites all pipes of shields 7, and through the upper collectors 21 and 22 - to pipes of the front 5 and back 6, respectively. Since the pipes of the screens 5-7 perceive high local heat loads in the furnace chamber of the boiler, it is necessary to maintain sufficient water velocities in them to prevent surface boiling water. This is achieved by installing in the collectors 10 and 11 in a certain sequence of partitions 12, with the help of which the heated water passes all the pipes of the side screens 7 and the pipes of the front 5 and rear 6 screens successively, making a lifting-lowering movement. The last upward movement of the heated water is carried out through the pipes of the front screen 5, then the water is collected in the upper collector 16, from where it is directed through the outlet 3 to the forward network.

Claims (4)

Due to the tight arrangement of the shielding pipes, all the perimeter-limiting pipes of the boiler prevent hot flue gases from directly contacting the boiler lining, therefore heat insulation is made of less scarce materials and in smaller quantities, while simultaneously reducing heat losses to the environment, increasing the gas density of the boiler and, as a result, the cost-effectiveness and specific heat output of the boiler increase. The tight junction of the heat exchange tubes is achieved by the fact that the large axis of the holes is perpendicular to the axis of the collectors. Claim 1. A hot water boiler comprising a housing with water inlet and outlet connections and a firebox placed in the housing with front rear and side framing tubular screens connected to the lower headers and to the upper central collector provided with a transverse bulkhead forming the dispensing cavity and installed between side panels and casing intermediate tubular screens connected to the water inlets and to their lower and upper collectors, the latter of which is in communication with the dispensing cavity of the upper central collector, characterized in that. that, in order to reduce material consumption by intensifying the heat exchange process and simplifying the manufacturing technology, the water inlet pipes are connected to the lower collectors of intermediate screens, the upper collector of which is located in the central part of the furnace above the upper central collector of the side screens made inlet and connected to the dispensing cavity of the central collector, and a bypass manifold is additionally included in the middle part of the front screen; ny in the form of a closed box. 2. A boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the tubes of the screens in the zone of their connection to the collectors are tapered and have an oval shape in cross section, the major axis of which is perpendicular to the axis of the collector. 3. A boiler according to Claim 1, characterized in that the screen collectors and the bypass collector are rectangular in cross section. 4. A boiler according to Claim 2, characterized in that strips are additionally attached to the screens at the level of the tapered ends of the pipes. 5 8 wh Boiler front 1526 CD CM CD n CD 5s 4