SU1613735A1 - Centrifugal clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely to elastic centrifugal-inertial-type couplings, and can be used in machine drives with increased smoothness of operation and low vibratory activity. The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and enhance the operational capabilities by stabilizing the stiffness characteristics in various operating conditions. The coupling halves (P) 1.2 are made in the form of hubs with spokes (C) 5. Centrifugal slide blocks (CPUs) 6 are mounted on C 5, spring-loaded to the hubs, with CPU 6 of each P 1,2 coaxially and in pairs connected by elastic rods 8. At the beginning of operation, the transfer of torque from one coupling half to another is accompanied by a shift in the mass of the rods 8. As the speed of the CPU 6 with the rods 8 increases, they shift from the axis of rotation of the coupling. The connection of the CPU 6 of two P 1.2 elastic rods 8 stabilizes the stiffness characteristics of the coupling depending on the speed of rotation. 2 Il.

Description

fPus 2

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, to elastic couplings of a centrifugal-inertial type, and can be used in driving machines with the requirements of increased smoothness of operation and low vibroactivity.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability and expand the operational capabilities by stabilizing the stiffness characteristic in various working conditions.

Fig, 1 shows the clutch, a general view; FIG. 2 is a section A-A in FIG. 1,

The coupling consists of identical leading and driven coupling halves, made in the form of hubs 1, 2, and ribbings 3, 4 with radial holes symmetrically arranged along the circumference, into which the spokes 5 of non-circular cross section are pressed. The spokes serve as guides for centrifugal sliders 6, made in the form of cubic prisms and spring-loaded to the hubs of the 1.2 half couplings, compression springs 7, which are worn on the spokes. In order to reduce sliding friction, the spokes 5 are coated with grease. On the side walls of the sliders 6 facing one another there are recesses in which the rubber rods 8 are attached. Each end of the elastic rod 8 is clamped by two covers 9, having the form of semirings, i.e. the slide blocks 6 of both half couplings 1, 2 are coaxially connected by elastic rods 8,

The clutch works as follows.

When transmitting the torque, the rods 8 are deformed and the coupling halves 1, 2 are twisted at a certain angle. When deformed, the rods 8 work only on shear, which is the most favorable way of loading them. The bending of the rubber rods 8 is excluded, since the centrifugal sliders 6 cannot rotate around the axes of the spokes 5. When CKopocTii increases in rotation under the action of centrifugal forces, the sliders 6 compress the coil springs 7 and move together with the rods 8 on the guide spokes 5 towards both sides. - Dov 3, 4 coupling half. The law of movement of the sliders 6 with low friction is determined by the formula

,(one)

s - SpyG

where p is the radius of location of the axes of the rods 8 in the rotating coupling (Fig 2);

PQ-JO, but in a non-rotating clutch; c -; hstkost spring 7; GPP - mass of the slider 6; m - angular speed of rotation of the coupling.

At certain torque and speed of rotation, a dynamic equilibrium is established, xapakterami some twisting angle of the coupling halves A y), the radius of the axes of the rods 8, as well as the relative shift As of the end surfaces of the rods 8.

The torsional stiffness of the coupling is determined by the dependence

p G

one

1GPP

V

(2)

15 20 25 0

5 0 5

five

where G is the shear modulus of the material of the rod 8;

A is the cross-sectional area of the rod 8;

n is the number of rods 8;

b is the length of the rod 8 without taking into account the clamped sections (Fig. 2).

According to formula (2), the torsional stiffness of the coupling increases rapidly with increasing rotational speed, with this characteristic Fcr f (w) being substantially non-linear. By proper selection of the coupling parameters, one can achieve almost any slope, i.e. to ensure a low level of vibroactivity in any range of operating speeds. Theoretically, the torsional rigidity of the coupling can increase to infinity (subject to condition Y), but this is possible only at very high rotational speeds (ft 10,000 rpm). Virtually the upper limit of torsional rigidity is lowered by the dimensions of the coupling.

The rotation frequency function is. not only the torsional, but also the angular stiffness of the coupling, while the radial stiffness is constant and does not depend on the rotational speed. However, it does not follow that the clutch is capable of effectively absorbing only the torsional and angular vibrations of the drive. In rotary systems, the angular and radial vibrations are interconnected (while the torsional vibrations are usually unconnected), therefore the angular stiffness largely determines amplitude of radial vibrations. Consequently, due to the variable angular and torsional stiffnesses, the coupling is able to isolate vibrations of any nature. It should also be noted that the high damping ability of the rubber rods 8 contributes to the improvement of the vibration-protective properties of the couplings.

Mechanical centrifugal inertia coupling coupling guarantees the stability of the stiffness characteristics of the coupling in a variety of working conditions.

These functional dependences of the stiffness characteristics of the coupling on the rotational frequency provide high vibration-proof properties and smooth operation of the drive. Due to the small values of the initial stiffnesses of the proposed coupling has a high ductility. It can compensate for radial displacement of shafts up to 1.5-2 mm and angular misalignments up to 8-10 °. The clutch has a simple design, easy to assemble and reliable in operation:

Claims (1)

Claims of the invention: A centrifugal clutch comprising coaxially arranged two clutch sleeves, one of which is designed as a hub with radially arranged guides and centrifugal sliders mounted on them, spring-loaded to the hub, and connected to another coupling half elastic means, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the "i increase operational capabilities by stabilizing the stiffness characteristics in various conditions of work, elastic means are made in the form of elastic rods; the other half-coupling is also made in the form of a hub with radially arranged guides and centrifugal ones mounted on them sliders, with each slide of one half-coupling connected with the elastic rod coaxially with the slide located at the other side of the coupling. . eight J 7 Srig. /