SU1602595A1 - Arrangement for hydraulic moulding of hollow parts having taps - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used in mechanical engineering in the hydraulic molding of hollow parts with outlets. The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the molded parts by preventing corrugation. At the working end of the upper punch 22, a compensator 23 for compressing the working fluid is installed, made in the form of a glass with an axial channel in the bottom and a flange. An additional check valve 24 is placed in the cavity of the cup 23. The cup 23 is covered by a pressure ring 26 mounted for axial movement. The semi-matrices 7 and 30 are provided with co-axially arranged and interconnected through holes 8 and 34, parallel to the axis of symmetry of the device, and central working cavities of conical shape, facing one another with large bases. The upper punch is made with an axial 29 and a radial 28 channels communicating with each other and with a channel in the bottom of the glass 23. When the compensator 23 is inserted after the semi-matrix 7 and 30 are closed into the cavity of the workpiece 36, the working fluid is elastic-compressed, as a result the moment of molding, the workpiece 36 will be pressed by the pressure of the working fluid to the walls of the working cavities of the semi-matrix 7 and 30. 1 Cp f-ly, 4 ill.

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure, in particular to devices for the hydraulic forming of hollow parts with outlets.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the quality of the molded parts by preventing corrugation.

Figure 1 shows the device, a longitudinal section, in the initial upper position; Fig. 2 shows the same at the moment of contact of the upper punch with the pipe billet after: sealing the upper cavity of the movable container; in FIG. 3, then f, e, at the time of the completion of the elastic compression of the working fluid inside the pipe billet, ki and the beginning of its end draft; Figure 4 is the same at the final moment of the forma- tion.

The device contains the lower and upper parts, placed respectively on the table and the press slide (not shown). Lower part. (Fig. 1) comprises a stationary base 1, a movable container 2, in which lower cavity 3 is provided at opposite ends, concentrically mating with the lateral surface of the base 1, and upper cavity 4. The height of the base 1 is larger than the maximum working stroke of the container 2. The depth of the lower cavity 3 to the end surface of the container 2 is greater than the height of the base 1 (Hdl, in the initial position, guaranteed by the volume of the cavity with the working fluid).

In the lower cavity 3 of the container 2, an annular recess 5 is made;

0

five

0

five

0

five

 stopping the creation of an air reservoir during device operation,

In the upper cavity 4 of the container 2, a replaceable punch 6 is installed. In the cavity 4, with a possibility of free axial movement, there is a replaceable nish semi-trash 7 with through vertical channels 8 that mates the outer side surface with the walls of the container 2, and the inner one with an interchangeable punch 6. The central working cavity of the lower half; matrix 7 corresponds to symmetrical: half of product 9 (FIG. 4), for example, a tee and has, in order to improve the removal of the product from the central working cavity, as well as prevent the internal diameter of the product 9 from decreasing due to thickening of the walls during the end draft, the conical part is equal to half the height product 9, with the largest diameter corresponding to the maximum outer diameter of the product 9,

The semi-matrix 7 is installed in the upper cavity 4 on the compression springs 10 intended only to hold it in order to create in the gap between its lower end surface and the bottom of the upper cavity 4 guaranteed in volume in the initial position of the lower chamber.

The upper 4 and lower 3 cavities communicate with each other through the supporting adjustable valve 11, and the valve spring is regulated to a pressure that ensures the formation of the outlet in the product 9. Valve 11

ten

15

20

25

51602595

provides both the displacement of excess working fluid during the formation of the product 9 from the hermetic upper cavity 4 into the lower cavity 3, and its return to the upper cavity when pressure is removed.

In the stream 12 of forming the drain of the semi-matrix 7, a replaceable insert 13 is freely mounted, having a working surface corresponding to the end surface of the formable branch. In the liner, a channel 14 is provided, communicated through a recess 15, provided on the inner side surface of the upper cavity 4 of the container 2, with a radial channel 16 made in the container 2,

The length of the cavity 15 is equal to or slightly greater than the length of the possible stroke of the lower half-matrix 7 in the upper cavity 4.

The upper cavity 4 is hydraulically communicated with the cavity 15 of the backwater of the forgeable outlet by means of a safety adjustable valve 17, a sealed tank 18 and a check valve 19. The spring of the valve 17 is adjusted to the required pressure of the backwater by the working fluid of the formable outlet.

In the upper cavity 4 of the container 2, an annular recess 20 is formed on the side of its inlet part, ensuring retention of excess working fluid when it is expelled during the working stroke of the device.

The upper part of the device of FIG. I comprises a piston 21 rigidly mounted on the press slide, on which the upper interchangeable punch 22 is mounted.

On the end surface of the upper punch 22 is fixed (by means of lime, for example, using a thread) compensator 23 for compressing the working fluid in an elastic manner, shaped as a cup with a flange and an axial channel, and a check valve 24 is mounted into the compensator 23, and axially moving the clamping ring 25, having a seal on its flange surface 26. A gap is formed between the punch 22 and the ring 25 due to the compression rifle 27 and the flange of the compensator 23. The magnitude of the sparks is determined from the following

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tel pr ref gam ny but 36 50 edits

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H comp K 0

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 EiEfAs S-SJil.,

  V. fl 2. 7 kOM P

where is the pre-pressure: generated in the cavity of the billet before the start of molding, determined experimentally and depending on the size of the billet, the modulus of elasticity of the material of the workpiece;

D g - the inner diameter of the billet; height of pipe billet; diameter compensator; modulus of elasticity of the working fluid.

In the punch 22, radial 28 and axial 29 communicating channels are made. Axial channel 29 is equipped with a compensator 23,

The upper replaceable semi-matrix 30 is mechanically connected by means of tg 31j having limited axial displacement, with the piston 22, from the side of which surface on the outer diameter and openings through which the rods 31 pass, are installed seals 32 and 33 .

The upper semi-matrix 30 has through vertical channels 34 located coaxially with the vertical channels 8 of the lower semi-matrix 7. The centering of semi-matrix 7 and 30 and, respectively, vertical channels 8 and 34 is carried out using the liner 13.

The bottom cavity 3 of the container is sealed with a seal 35.

The upper part of the device relative to the lower is installed coaxially, and the upper crawl of the atrix 30 in the initial position is held by the rods 31 at such a distance from the lower part in order to ensure that the original blank 36 is freely placed into the working cavity of the lower polisher 7 and the finished product is removed from it 9.

The annular area formed between the inner surface of the upper cavity 4 and the outer surface of the replaceable punch 6 or 22 is equal to half the area of the lower cavity 3 of the container 2. In this case, at a certain stroke of the piston 21 with the punch 22, this is displaced

 , 16025958

. Who is the volume of working fluid iz kol- As the press slide is lowered

the upper and lower chambers of the upper cavity 4 into the lower cavity 3, which provides the container 2 with the punch 6 with a counter-displacement to the same stroke size. The synchronization of the oncoming movement of the bolster b and 22 at the end of the draft provides a clamping ring 25 begins to contact with the tubular billet 36,

At the same time, the piston 2 with seals 32 and 33 does not seal the upper cavity 4, and due to the pressure being expelled from the excess of working fluid

the speed of movement of the ends of the deformed QB, the gap between the walls of the tubular billet 36 and the piston 21 and the annular recess 20

the axis of the moldable outlet of the container 2 (figure 2). With further

LIA 9 (Fig. 4), the press ram begins to compress in the initial position of cavity 3 and 4. the working fluid in cavity 4

rolling container 2 is filled, 5th of the 21. The pressure of the working fluid-working fluid; since all the elements in cavity 4 gradually increase the compression of the working fluid in the cavity of the workpiece 36, is carried out by the compensator 23. So 2Q as the compression of the working fluid in cavity 4 is performed over the entire surface, and the compression of the working fluid in the cavity of the workpiece 36 occurs on the end surface of the compensator 23, the pressure of the fluid in the cavity 4 is greater than in the cavity of the tube blank 36. Due to this pressure difference, the clamping ring 25 is pressed against the blank 36c. The check valve 24 is closed. Due to the continuous downward movement of the slider with the upper part of the device, the pressure in the upper cavity 4 increases to the value at which the flow of material of the initial

you are hydraulically interconnected, then the device is operated in semi-automatic mode

The device works as follows.

In the initial position of the semi-matrix 7 and 30 are in the open state - the piston 21 with the punch 22, the compensator 23 and the clamping ring 25 occupies the extreme upper position. Under the action of the springs 27 between the punch 22 and the ring 25 there is a gap of ho size. The half matrix 30 is held by the joints 31J, which in the corresponding grooves of the piston 21 occupy a relatively low polishing.

In the cavity 4, the compression of the working fluid in the cavity of the workpiece 36 gradually increases, is performed by the compensator 23. As 2Q as the compression of the working fluid in the strip 4 is carried out over the entire surface, and the compression of the working fluid in the cavity of the workpiece 36 occurs on the end surface of the compensator 2, the pressure of the fluid in the cavity 4 is greater than that in the cavity of the tube blank 36. Due to this pressure difference, the pressure ring 25 is pressed into the cooking 36c. The check valve 24 is closed. Due to the continuous movement of the inner slider with the upper part of the device, the pressure in the upper cavity 4 increases to the value at which the flow of the material of the initial

Semi-matrix 7 and 13 inserts,

Newly created in container 2, under deist-, c of workpiece 36, under the action of the internal compression springs 10, occupy the edge. hydrostatic pressure. In it, the upper position relative to the end face of the punch 6. The container 2 rests on the end surface on the press table,

Due to the fact that the supporting valve 11 is adjusted to the same pressure, 40 working fluid is simultaneously displaced from the upper to the lower chambers of the upper cavity 4 through the axial 8 and 34 channels into the lower strips 3 of the movable container 2 Under the action of the pressure of the working fluid in

Due to the fact that the supporting valve 11 is adjusted to the same pressure, 40 working fluid is simultaneously displaced from the upper to lower chambers of the upper cavity 4 through axial 8 and 34 channels into the lower cavity 3 of the movable container 2 Under the action of the pressure of the working fluid in

In the working chamber of the semi-matrix 7, the billet 36 is placed () and the drive (not shown) is turned on. When the crawler moves downwards, the upper and lower chambers of the upper chamber lower the upper part of the rig 4 and the semi-closure is closed. Half-matrix 30 enters the top-. matrices 7 and 30 during the whole cycle of the null chamber of cavity 4 of container 2 and, molding. At the same time, the compensator moving downwards, falling from the semi-mat 23, is inserted into the cavity of the billet with a prick 7. Piston 21 with a punch 22, 36, reducing the gap between the punch compensator 23 and the pressing ring .22 and the pressing ring 25. At that time - 25 enters the same cavity. During the further run of the slider, the compensator 23 and the ring 25 enter the semi-matte cavity, when the punch 22 and the clamping ring 25 are closed, the compensator 23 is inserted into the cavity of the workpiece 36 on

30, displacing the excess volume equal to the value of the calculated working area F1-ZDKOSTI from the working cavity of the gap h, which provides at the expense of the semi-matrix 30 through the check valve 24, the axial 29 and the radial 28 channels to the top: the chamber of the cavity 4,

elastic compression of the working fluid creating the necessary pressure inside the cavity of the pipe billet 36

the clamping ring 25 begins to contact with the billet 36,

At the same time, the piston 2 with seals 32 and 33 does not seal the upper cavity 4, and due to the increase in pressure, the excess working fluid is displaced

See page 21. The pressure of the working fluid

In the cavity 4, the compression of the working fluid in the cavity of the workpiece 36 gradually increases, is performed by the compensator 23. As the working fluid in the cavity 4 is compressed over the entire surface, and the working fluid in the cavity of the workpiece 36 is compressed along the end surface of the compensator 23 , then the pressure in the cavity of the cavity 4 is greater than that in the cavity of the billet 36. Due to this pressure difference, the clamping ring 25 is pressed against the blank 36c. The check valve 24 is closed. . Due to the continuous downward movement of the slider with the upper part of the device, the pressure in the upper cavity 4 increases to the value at which the flow of material of the initial

,

billet 36 under the action of internal hydrostatic pressure. AT

Since the supporting valve 11 is adjusted to the same pressure, simultaneous displacement of the working fluid from the upper to the lower chambers of the upper cavity 4 starts through the axial 8 and 34 channels into the lower cavity 3 of the movable container 2.

the upper and lower chambers of the upper cavity 4 ensure that the matrix 7 and 30 are closed during the entire molding cycle. At the same time, the compensator 23 is inserted into the cavity of the workpiece 36, reducing the gap between the punch 22 and the pressure ring 25. At that time,

the upper and lower chambers of the upper cavity 4 ensure that the matrix 7 and 30 are closed during the entire molding cycle. At the same time, the compensator 23 is inserted into the cavity of the workpiece 36, reducing the gap between the punch .22 and the pressure ring 25. At that time,

When the punch 22 and the pressure ring 25 are closed, the compensator 23 is inserted into the cavity of the workpiece 36

equal to the value of the calculated gap h, which ensures due to

equal to the value of the calculated gap h, which ensures due to

elastic compression of the working fluid creating the necessary pressure inside the cavity of the pipe billet 36

(Fig, 3). After this, the end face deposit starts. Since the sum of the areas of the annular upper and lower chambers formed by the inner surface of the upper cavity 4 and the outer surface of the punches 6 and 22, is equal to the area of the lower cavity 3 of the container 2, the lifting speed of the container 2 and, accordingly, the lower punch 6 is equal to the counter speed of the upper punch 22 with the ring 25. This ensures the synchronization of the oncoming movement of the punches 6 and 22 relative to the axis of the formable tap of the product 9 (Fig. 4).

The process of shaping a piece of art 9, for example a tee, is characterized by a decrease in the volume of the finished product 9 as compared with the volume of the workpiece 36,

8for this when forming the product

9, the pressure of the working fluid inside the cavity of the workpiece 36 rises and reaches the value of the pressure of the working fluid in the upper cavity 4.

24, the excess volume of the working fluid is displaced through the axial 29 and radial 28 channels into the upper cavity 4.

Under the action of internal pressure in the original billet 36, when forming the formation of a drain, the working fluid in the discharge stream forming stream 12 formed by semi-matrix 7 and 30 is displaced through channel 14 of liner 13, cavity 15, channel 16 of container 2 and adjusted to pressure stopping the safety valve 17 into the hermetic reservoir 18. By varying the geometrical parameters of the interchangeable insert 13, it is possible to obtain taps of a given shape and size, namely, by changing the working length of the insert 13, the height of the resulting elbow is adjusted, and by changing its working surface facing the product 9, the shape of the resulting elbow

In the process of forming the product 9 due to the fact that the pressure inside the cavity of the molded product 9 exceeds the back pressure of the valve 17, i.e. the pressure of the backwater of the forged outlet and, accordingly, the pressure in the tank 18, the valve 19 is closed.

Having formed the shaping of the product 9, for example a tee, from the blank 36, the slider with the upper part of the device returns to its original position.

In doing so, there is an opening of the semi-matrix 7 and 30 and the lifting of the piston 21 with a punch 22, a compensator 23 and a ring 25 and with the help of t g 31 of the upper half-matrix 30.

Under the pressure of compressed water in the annular recess 5 and gravity of the raised weight of the lower part of the device, the incoming working fluid is expelled from the lower cavity 3 to the upper cavity 4 through valve 11. At the same time, under the action of compressed air, the pressurized reservoir 18 1 7 is displaced into the upper cavity 4 of the container 2; the lower half-matrix 7 is returned to its original position by the action of the springs 10. After removing the finished product 9 from the cavity of the half-matrix 7, the device is ready to repeat the described cycle.

The proposed device, in comparison with the known, allows improving the quality of the obtained products by preventing corrugation during face precipitation by elastic compression of the working fluid with a compensator, as well as due to uniform metal flow with synchronous end draft and guaranteed hydraulic backing of the formable retraction, to improve extraction conditions the finished product from the semi-matrix due to the fact that their working cavities have a tapered part, and also to obtain a finished product with a constant internal meter, which eliminates the need for subsequent mechanical processing.

Claims (2)

Invention Formula 1 o Device for hydraulic molding of hollow parts with outlets, containing in the lower part a base, a housing with upper and lower axial cavities at the ends and a recess in the wall filled with working fluid, facing the lower cavity to the base and mounted on it with the possibility of axial movement placed in the upper cavity bodies lower punch and semi-matrix with a central axial working cavity, in the upper part - a piston carrying the upper punch and semi-matrix with a central axial working cavity, as well as a hydraulic system with sequentially placed and hydraulically interconnected safety valve, pressurized tank and non-return valve, different the fact that, in order to improve the quality of the molded parts by preventing corrugation, it is equipped with an elastic pressure compensator, filled in the form of Tacanas with an axial channel in the bottom and a flange mounted at the working end of the upper punch by a threaded soe- An open non-return valve facing the lower punch, an additional non-return valve placed in the cavity of the glass and a movable pressure ring that surrounds the glass, semi-matrices with coaxially arranged and interconnected through holes of the device, and the upper punch is filled with axial and radial channels communicating with each other and with the channel in the bottom of the glass. 2. A device according to claim 1, wherein the semi-matrices are filled with central working cavities of conical shape facing one another with large bases.