SU1026923A1 - Method of producing articles such as sleeves with outer lateral protrusions - Google Patents

Abstract

THE METHOD OF MANUFACTURING PRODUCTS OF THE TYPE OF GLASSES WITH EXTERNAL SIDE OPENINGS, for example with a flange, means that a solid cylindrical billet is installed in a matrix, on a counterpanson, and, having a punch on the central part of the butt of the billet, transverse extrusion forms the lateral extrusion side slots of the side slots. and simultaneously with the transverse extrusion begin to form the cavity of the product, and then reverse extrusion with the relative longitudinal movement of the matrix and the counter-effect Continuing cavity formation, characterized in that, in order to expand the product range and improve their quality, lateral extrusion is carried out by exposing the entire billet, with the additional "peripheral part, the butt end of the billet being produced at a lower speed, than to the central part, and the lateral extrusion is completed when a cavity is formed to a depth that reaches the level of the edge of the lateral protrusion closest to the bottom of the product.

Description

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The invention relates to the processing of metals by pressure and can be used in the preparation of stamped articles such as glasses with protrusions, for example with a flange, with radial ribs, etc.

There is a known method of producing an article of the type of glasses with outer lateral & 1 protrusions, for example with a flange, including lateral extrusion of the lateral protrusions on a solid cylindrical billet with a decrease in its Height and reverse extrusion of the cavity in active friction mode 1.

The disadvantage of this method is the low quality of the products.

There is also known a method of producing articles such as glasses with outer side projections, which means that a solid cylindrical billet is placed in a matrix on a counter-panson and, by punching the central part of the billet end, the lateral projections of the product are formed by transverse extrusion with decreasing height of the billet. extrusion begins to form the cavity of the product, and then back extrusion with the relative longitudinal movement of the matrix and the counter-punch is continued formation of cavity 2j.

The disadvantage of this method is the possibility of cracking and separating the protrusion (flange) from the product, due to the fact that when the punch is inserted into the workpiece during deformation, the deformation center is concentrated at the upper edge of the glass, while in the zone adjacent to the lower end of the flange , a downward displacement of the workpiece metal relative to the cavity is observed {due to the mobility of the counter-punch when extruding in the mode of active friction). This reason does not allow to obtain a product with protrusions (a flange located on some compartment from the upper edge.

The purpose of the invention is to expand the range of products and improve their quality.

The goal is achieved by the fact that according to the method of producing articles such as glasses with outer side projections, 1yc is that a solid cylindrical billet is placed in a matrix on a counter-panson and, by punching the central part of the end of the billet, lateral projections of the product are formed by transverse extrusion with decreasing height billet, and simultaneously with the transverse extrusion begin to form the cavity of the product, and then reverse

extrusion with the relative longitudinal movement of the matrix and the counter-punch continues the cavity formation, transverse extrusion is performed by affecting the weight of the workpiece, and the peripheral part of the workpiece is additionally affected at a slower speed than the central part and the lateral force is completed when the cavity is formed to a depth, reaching the level closest to the bottom of the product edge of the side protrusion.

FIG. 1 shows a sequence of methods of the method with a movable matrix; in fig. 2 - the same, with a movable counter-punch; in fig. 3 a device for carrying out the proposed method (on the left in the transverse extrusion stage, on the right in the subsequent extrusion stage), in FIG. 4 - typical

. Products received by the proposal "1

in the way.

The method is carried out as follows.

The workpiece 1 is installed in the matrix 2 at the end of the counter-punch 3. The composite punch 4 is moved downward with speed V, At the moment the end of the punch 4 contacts the workpiece 1, it begins to deform as the original height decreases, and the transverse metal fills the cavity of the matrix 2, forming the outer side protrusions or one protrusion of the product, for example, a flange, and a hollow recess at the end of the deformable stationary workpiece, due to the accelerated movement at a speed of 2 inside the 4th punch.

The design of the hollow part simultaneously with the transverse extrusion is carried out to achieve the depth of the blind hole, corresponding to the location of the bottom of the hollow part 5 and the lower end C at the same level.

After this, in the second deformation stage, only the extrusion of the hollow part is carried out, continuing to increase the depth of the formed blind hole in the product. For this, with the composite punch 4, only the inner part 4 a is moved downward and they begin to move with the speed of the ultrasonic, equal to the flow rate of the metal in the opposite direction, another working part of the stamp - the matrix 2 (Fig. 1) or the counter-punch 3 (Fig. 2)

In this case, only the bottom part of the workpiece is moved relative to the walls of the matrix, and the metal flowing in the cut direction and forming the hollow part of the product does not smear over the contact surface, which prevents the flange from tearing off and the occurrence of reactive friction stresses. The extrusion process ends at the moment when the thickness of the bottom (movable) part of the product reaches a predetermined value. Example. Billets with a diameter of 28.2 mm and a height of 47 mm from lead C are subjected to a combined radial-reverse extrusion according to the proposed method in a stamp with a composite punch (inner diameter 21 mm) and a movable matrix having a closed transverse cavity. The deformation of the workpiece in the first stage includes transverse extrusion by an annular punch with a decrease in the overall height of the workpiece by 8.3 mm and making a hollow (hollow part of the product) with a depth of 13 mm reaching the lower end of the flange with the help of an accelerated motion from inside light on the internal part of the punch. The flange has a complex shape (Fig. 4, the upper image at the end) consisting of a six-sided part (S 36 mm) 6 mm high and a round part 044 b mm thick, with a deviation of 1 mm from the vertex. At the second stage of deformation, the reverse extrusion of the hollow part of the product is completed in the absence of a relative displacement of the flowing metal and matrix (movable) by moving only the internal punch. The result is a glass with a complex outer surface, having a total height of 56,202.0 mm and a thickness of the bottom part of 7 ± 0.2 mm. Performing in the first stage the deepening prevents the occurrence of cracks and the separation of the flange from the transitional part, which were previously observed when extruded by known methods. One of the means for implementing the method can be a stamp for a combined extrusion (Fig. The device contains a die 2 with a working cavity rigidly mounted on a fixed plate 5. Inside the die 2 is placed a counter-punch capable of longitudinal movement and resting on a hydraulic cylinder (pad 6) located under the slab 5. A punch 4 is rigidly attached to the movable plate 7, on which a sleeve 8 is installed (along a sliding position). The diameter of the punch 4 is equal to the inner diameter of the product, and the outer diameter of the sleeve 8 is dia. original billet. Sleeve 8 rests on a hydraulic cylinder placed in plate 7. In order to provide reduced skorusti movement of the sleeve 8 compared to the punch 4 by displacing fluid from the hydraulic cylinder 9 in the network of the latter, a pressure regulator 10 and a distributor with electric control 11, acting upon receipt of the signal about filling the closed cavity of the matrix 2 - the formation of the outer profile of products from the sensor 12, placed in the cavity of the matrix. In the hydraulic cylinder 6 network, two pressure relief valves 13 and 14 with a distributor with electrical control 15 are installed between them to control the pressure. Valve 13 trips pressure higher than valve 14 pressure. To regulate the pressure in the HydroPP1; Lindra B and 9 or to change the back pressure of the sleeve 8 and counter-punch 3 can also be used valves that interact with copiers (not shown) attached to plates 7 and 5. As a sensor, a signal for filling 2 olosti matrix or on completion of the movement of the sleeve 8 of the pressure increase in the hydraulic cylinders 6 and 9, the relay may also be used a pressure gauge, or solenoid (not shown) installed in a network of these hydraulic cylinders. . A constant flow pump 16 and a separator valve 17 are used to power the hydraulic system. The device operates as follows. The preform is placed in a fixed matrix 2 at the end of the counter-punch 3. The composite punch, consisting of the actual punch 4 and the sleeve 8, moves with the plate 7 down. The sleeve 8 during this period rests on the hydraulic cylinder 9, the pressure in which the valve is maintained and 10. When the jointly moving punch 4 and sleeve 8 are in contact with the workpiece, it begins to deform with decreasing initial height, and the metal in the transverse outflow fills the closed cavity of the matrix 2 to form thereby the outer profile (flange) of the product. At this stage, the counter-pusher 3 is in a stationary state due to the operation in the system of the hydraulic cylinder 6 of one safety valve 13 with a high discharge pressure. The sleeve 8 in its movement lags behind the punch 4, and the latter, by the time the flange is formed, forms a blank cavity in the workpiece, the depth of which reaches the level of the lower end of the flange. The ratio of the speeds of movement of the sleeve 8 and the punch 4 varies depending on the amount of displaced: fluid from the cavities of the cylinder 9 and is regulated

valve 10. After filling the transverse cavity of the matrix 2, the sensor 12 sends a signal to the distributor with electric control 11, which triggers and after that allows free discharge of fluid from the cavities of the cylinder 9, i.e. sleeve 8 is not further involved in shaping.

However, when processing difficultly deformable materials, the sleeve 8 may provide a certain amount of back pressure and, at the second stage of extraction, by installing a conventional regulated valve in the hydraulic cylinder 9 network. One-time only: the signal from sensor 12 is supplied to distributor 15, which activates the safety valve 14 with a smaller addition of operating valve (compared to valve 13). This pressure control in the hydraulic cylinder b ensures the mobility of the counter-punch 3

Upon further lowering of the movable plate 7 down, the punch 4 is inserted into the metal of the workpiece, and due to the displacement of the counter-punch in the same direction, reverse injection of the hollow part of the product occurs. tIpH this speed of movement of the counter-punch 3 is less than the speed of movement of the punch 4, which allows to eliminate the reactive forces of friction of the flowing metal on the matrix walls.

Due to the movement of the floor part of the product, the part of the product does not slide along the contact surface of the matrix 4 and thereby eliminates the risk of flange breakage. Extrusion is completed at the moment when the dimensions of the product reach the required values

During the return stroke, the punch 4 and the sleeve 8 with the plate 7 rise up. The valves 11 and 15 are installed in the original (closed) position. To raise the matrix and return to the starting position

sleeve-8 and kontpupsona 3 serves the working fluid from the pump 16 through the separating valve 17.

The finished product is removed from matrix 2 after the last connector. Subsequently, the entire extrusion cycle is repeated.

Thus, the proposed extrusion method can make hollow products with a complex outer profile such as glasses with flanges, thickened or spikes (Fig. 4). Since transverse extrusion at the first stage of deformation is carried out with a decrease in the height of the original piece. and obtaining complex bulges or flanges with a wide range of diameters.

Execution at the first stage simultaneously with the transverse extrusion of the recess at the end with the bottom reaching the flange level prevents the workpiece metal from moving in this zone relative to the matrix walls during subsequent deformation by reverse extrusion in the active friction mode. In this way, the detachment of the formed flanges from the body of the products is prevented and the quality of work is improved.

Reverse extrusion occurs mainly when there is no relative movement of the metal of the workpiece and the walls of the matrix, i.e. The power of toeni plays a useful role, which helps to reduce the required conditions and increase the efficiency of the process.

The method involves the active regulation of the kinematics of the movement of the instrument, which ensures a stable sequence of execution of the techniques and the required quality of the parts being stamped.

The proposed method provides improved quality poluchayag / pdh products.

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Claims (1)

METHOD FOR PRODUCING GLASS TYPE PRODUCTS WITH EXTERNAL SIDE PROJECTS, for example, with a flange, which consists in installing a continuous cylindrical workpiece in the matrix, on a counter-punch, and, acting on the central part of the workpiece end-face, by lateral extrusion, form side protrusions with lateral extrusion '' billet, and simultaneously with transverse extrusion begin to form the cavity of the product, and then reverse extrusion with a relative longitudinal movement of the matrix and the counter p The cavity formation is characterized in that, in order to expand the range of products obtained and improve their quality, transverse extrusion is effected on the entire end face of the workpiece, with additional impact on the peripheral part. The end face of the workpiece is produced at a lower speed than on the central part, and the lateral extrusion is completed when the cavity is formed to a depth reaching the level of the edge of the side protrusion closest to the bottom of the product. phage G 026923