SU1597960A1 - Lens of artificial dielectric - Google Patents

Abstract

This invention relates to radio engineering, in particular to highly directional microwave antenna systems. An artificial dielectric lens contains N periodic gratings of electrically conductive elements separated by dielectric spacers and placed in a mount. Each periodic lattice contains a dielectric film, on one side of which there are quite a number of identical electrically conductive elements. On the other side, the electrically conductive elements are arranged in parallel rows with a width of no more than λ / 2 and, at the same time, cover equal areas occupied by the elements. According to claim 1 of the claims, between the rows of electrically conductive elements, gaps are provided that are wider than one width of one electrically conductive element and are located perpendicular to the vector E. According to item 2, parallel rows of electrically conducting elements of adjacent periodic gratings are mutually offset by half their width. According to item 3 - the gaps between the rows are mutually orthogonal. According to claim 4, the mount is made in the form of a split case of a dielectric with a specific dielectric constant ε, and the walls of the case have a certain thickness. The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency and the ability to work on circular polarization of radiation. 3 hp ff, 2 ill.

Description

This invention relates to radio engineering, in particular to highly directional microwave antennas.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the efficiency, ensuring the work on circular polarization.

FIG. 1 shows the structural scheme of the lens, the cross section; in fig. 2 - arrangement of electrically conductive elements.

The lens contains N periodic gratings 1 of electrically conductive elements separated by dielectric pads 2 and placed in the mount 3. Each periodic grid 1 contains a dielectric film, on one side of which there are a plurality of identical electrically conductive elements 4. On the other side of the film are electrically conducting

elements 5 are arranged in parallel rows with a width of no more than half the working wavelength. In this case, elements 5 overlap equal areas occupied by elements 4.

Between the rows of electrically conductive elements 5, gaps more than the width of one electrically conductive element are provided, located in the B direction perpendicular to the E vector of the incident electromagnetic wave.

Parallel rows of electrically conducting elements 5 of adjacent periodic gratings 1 are mutually offset by half their width. The gaps between the rows of electrically conducting elements are located in two mutually perpendicular directions. The assembly unit 3 is made in the form of a detachable dielectric body with a specific dielectric.

ABOUT

WITH

about:

permeability, with the shell walls having a certain thickness.

The lens works as follows.

An electromagnetic wave with a spherical wavefront, incident on the lens from the irradiator located at the focus of the lens, slows down when the body of the lens passes to various degrees depending on the distance from the axis of symmetry due to the appropriate size of the periodic gratings I, - The variations and configurations of the electrically conductive elements 4 and 5 and the parameters of the mount 3. As a result, after passing through the lens, the wavefront becomes flat, which allows directional radiation to be obtained.

The combination of electrically conductive elements 4 and 5, each of which is much smaller than the working wavelength, and periodic gratings 1 is a slow-wave medium with an equivalent dielectric constant greater than one. The introduction of inter-d gap, with a series of electrically conductive elements, allows to reduce the amplitudes of the currents due to capacitive coupling between the elements, which reduces the losses in the lens by 3-4 dB (more than doubled efficiency).

The mutual displacement of rows in the adjacent periodic gratings 1 makes it possible to improve the uniformity of the amplitude distribution on the lens opening and, thus, the libiciiTb quality of the radiation pattern. 1; to 1 (the placement of gaps in mutually perpendicular directions makes it possible to increase the efficiency in the case of circular P (): 1), and the assembly of the invention can reduce the reflections from the lens to further increase its efficiency .

Claims (4)

1. Lens made of artificial dielectric containing N periodic gratings, each of which contains many electrically conductive elements mounted on opposite sides of the dielectric film, and of the electrically conductive elements located on one side of the dielectric film, overlaps equal parts of the surfaces of opposite electrically conductive elements located on the other side of the dielectric film, and the attachment unit, characterized in that, in order to increase efficiency, the electrically conductive elements on one side of each of the L periodic gratings are arranged in parallel rows with a width of no more than half the working wavelength with a gap between rows more than the width of the electrically conductive element, oriented perpendicular to the vector E of the incident electromagnetic wave. 2. A lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, in adjacent periods, the number of electrically conductive elements are mutually shifted mutually by half their width. 3. The lens according to claim 1, characterized in that, in order to ensure operation on circular polarization, the gaps between rows of electrically conductive elements are arranged in two mutually perpendicular directions. 4. The lens according to claim 1, characterized in that 1 of the fastening is made in the form of a split housing made of a dielectric with a dielectric constant, where si is the dielectric constant of the lens, and the inner surface of the housing has recesses to accommodate periodic gratings, and the average thickness of the body walls along the axis of the lens is equal to a quarter of the average wavelength in them.