SU1591822A1 - Method and apparatus for antierosion treating of soil - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to technological operations to protect the soil from water and wind erosion. The purpose of the invention is to reduce water flow. The longitudinal strips 1 perform in the cross section of a rectangular shape, and in the horizontal plane sinusoidal.

1591822

3

four

The device is equipped with additional vertical knives 7, installed behind the rack of the main and additional knives 7 inclined rotary axes 9 with knives 14 and additional horizontal knives 12. Each horizontal knife 12 is made in the form of a flexible element, one end of each of which is connected with an inclined axis 9, the other connected with knives 14 adjacent inclined axis 9. The lever 19 of one of the inclined axes 9 is spring-loaded relative to the frame 6. The lever 15 of the other inclined axis 9 is connected to the vibrator 18 by means of a thrust 16. The rippers 13 are connected to g bkimi elementami- blades 12. In operation, the knives 7 cut

there are two vertical slots in the soil layer. Knives 12 pruned layer horizontally. Rippers 13, oscillating in a vertical plane, form strips 1 of straight 5 coal cross-section with a finely lumpy structure. In the horizontal plane, the strips 1 have the shape of a sinusoid. Between lanes

1 stripes with a coarse-rolled structure are formed. When the amplitude of oscillation of the ripper 13 formed strip 1 with double loosening and strip 2 disposable loosening. If the distance between the ends of the knives 12 is more than twice the amplitude of oscillation of the rippers 13, coarse-rolled strips 5 are formed.

2 sec. n. f-ly, 5 ill.

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, in particular to technological operations to protect the soil from water and wind erosion.

The purpose of the invention is to reduce water flow.

FIG. 1 schematically shows a cross-section of the soil layer treated in accordance with the proposed method; in fig. 2 - device for anti-erosion tillage, axonometric projection; in fig. 3 - horizontal and vertical rippers, when installing vertical rippers without tension, axonometric projection; in fig. 4 is a diagram of the operation of the device; in fig. 5 is a cross-section of the soil layer processed by the device in the case when the vertical rippers are not stretched.

The method of anti-erosion tillage is implemented as follows.

Example. The seam is trimmed and loosened by knives moved along a sinusoidal line. Knives are tilted laterally. The reservoir is loosened throughout the course, separate areas are loosened twice. These sites alternate stripes with a single loosening. The bands are located across the slope. To reduce soil compaction, all operations are carried out at one time. As a result of this treatment, bands 1 are formed in the soil, very loose, double-processed, well catching surface runoff, alternating with less loosened bands of soil 2. At the upper boundary of these layers, where the looser strip 1 contacts with the less loose 2, a shallow abatement groove 3 is formed. Stripes 2 are bordered by denser bands 5,

contributing to the retention of subsurface flow. On lanes 5, stubble 4 is erect, retains snow. Lines 5 prevent wind erosion. At the same time, due to the inclined arrangement of the bands 2 and 5, the roots of plants growing on the surface of untreated areas are in loose, well-aerated soil in the lower part.

30 The method of such tillage is implemented by a device consisting of a frame 6, the main and additional knives-slits 7, on the back side of which with the help of bearings 8 rotary axes 9 are attached, with mounting holes 10,

35 I1 for fastening parallel main and additional horizontal knives 12, which are connected by parallel vertical rippers 13. Cutting knives 12 and rippers 13 to reduce

₄ d metal consumption, providing vibration and reducing traction resistance are made in the form of flexible rods, for the same purpose they are fixed in the plane tilted back, and the rippers 13 are directed at an angle to the trimmers 12.

45 In order to reduce cutting forces and reduce lateral loads, undercut bodies 12 are fixed at an angle to the transverse beam (not indicated) of the frame 6. To do this, they are attached to the knife-brackets 14, stationary

50 mounted on one of the axles 9, which are provided with a lever 15 with holes (not indicated) for fastening the flexible rod 16 with the crank 17 of the vibrator 18. On the other axis 9 there is also a lever 1.9, which is spring-loaded with a spring 20 operating on

⁸⁸ compression.

The device works as follows.

The tractor moves the device, the knife-cutters 7 make the slots, the lower one is cut 1591822

five

6

The driving body 12 cuts the formation and at the same time, for example, the crank 17 rotates through the vibrator 18 and rotates the thrust 16 and the lever 15 periodically. When the thrust 16 is tensioned, the knives-brackets 14 go to the right, and the trimming knives 12 move in the same direction rippers 13. The spring 20 is compressed, the left axis 9 rotates counterclockwise, the undercutting bodies 12 are extended, i.e., they are wound from the axis 9.

When weakening the thrust 16, as the unit goes forward, the rippers 13 and the undercutting bodies 12 experience tension from the resistance of the soil, as a result, the lever 15 takes the initial position. The spring 20 pushes the lever 19, and the pruning bodies 12 are wound on the axis 9. This is facilitated by the fact that the rippers 13 go in the soil with a deviation back from the direction of movement, i.e., the cutting and loosening of the soil improves, i.e. the ripper 13 moves as if from bottom to top.

In the process, pedrazza bodies 12 work on the translational-rotational trajectory, like a saw, which dramatically reduces the traction resistance. Due to the inclination of the rippers 13 to the undercutting knives 12, vertical oscillations of the latter occur. This is because when moving to the left, the rippers 13 are pressed down with the soil, and when moving to the right, the soil tends to push them up.

The amplitude of movement of the rippers 13 to the right-left can be changed by securing the rod 16 to another hole (not indicated) of the lever 15.

The shocks due to the uneven density of the soil are extinguished by a spring 20. Oscillatory movements and vibration contribute to a decrease in the strength of adhesion and to the improvement of soil loosening.

When working rippers 13 move forward and right-left, ie, describe a sinusoid. If the amplitude of the sinusoid is greater than 0.5 of the distance between the strings, then strip 1 is formed with double loosening of the soil, bordering on strip 2 with single loosening. For the formation of a dense strip 5, the distance between the ends of the rippers 13 make more than twice the magnitude.

For cutting weeds without changing the depth of loosening, you can lower the upper trimming knife 12, then it will loosen the top layer of soil. Stubble 4 may be left. If the rippers 13 are not shortened, their middle part describes a smaller trajectory than the ends, as a result, elliptical undissolved interlayers located among the loose soil remain in the soil.

The device by changing the position of the pruning knives 12 can be configured to loosen the soil with the destruction of hummocks or so that the upper body poured stubble 4, mulch the soil surface.

Compared with the prototype of the proposed method of tillage and device for its implementation provide improved soil loosening, prevent the formation of a plow sole, water flow and soil erosion.

Claims (2)

Claim 1. The method of anti-erosion tillage, containing cutting the reservoir vertically, cutting the reservoir horizontally and additional loosening the reservoir with the formation of parallel longitudinal strips of finely lumpy soil, characterized in that, in order to reduce water flow, the longitudinal strips perform in the cross section of a rectangular shape, and in the horizontal plane sinusoidal. 2. A device for anti-erosion tillage, containing a frame, a vertical knife mounted on it, a horizontal knife and vertical flexible rippers attached by lower ends to a horizontal knife, and a vibrator, characterized in that the device is equipped with an additional vertical knife to reduce water flow mounted at the back of the racks of the main and additional knives by inclined rotary axes with levers and knives, and an additional horizontal knife, each horizontal knife being made in the form of g a side element, one end of each of which is connected to an inclined axis, and the other is connected to knives of an adjacent inclined axis, the lever of one of the inclined axes is spring-loaded relative to the frame, the lever of the other inclined axis is connected to the vibrator through a thrust, and the upper end of each ripper is connected to an additional horizontal knife. five 1591822 '// 777777! 777 _l '0 o. о о о _л о о о о о7 ° ⁰ ° ° _l ° ° О ⁰ L ΰΰοο ^ρ Ο ο о о ^а / о О о ° о о о о ° о _ 'G ^- o o' ⁴ '° oo o o o ko o> ”?? <o 3 ( ° o ° _l 5ζ4 οθ _η ° _η ° ο 9 * ”ο ^θ σ ^{, ζ} \ 0 .ί '_ x 0 ⁰ 0 / s -> ^ »\ o (t / Οβ / sch ° 5? \ o °° / cl ⁰⁵ V och \ o’S? ° D ° ° / ° And ° ° ⁰ e- ^ ok / °° 'ъ / а с ~ ъ / _Ok about o, o <-> οι / оАр ° аА ° Во \ \ with?% ° "Τ ^ ζ" 0 ° "0 ° k ^ o sm :: aa> ‘- 17ϊ! \five Rie. five