SU1585309A1 - Initial composition for making lightweight concrete - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the building materials industry and can be used for the manufacture of enclosing and supporting structures of residential and civilian buildings. The purpose of the invention is to accelerate the porisation and setting of the mixture, increasing the strength of concrete. Raw mix includes the following components, wt.%: Portland cement 12-22

coal ash 25-29

granulated blast furnace slag 22-30

lime 4-8

sodium alkyl sulfate 0.06-0.25

aluminum powder 0,002-0,004

ammonium chloride 0.3-0.8

dust of production of ferrosilicon 2-6

water the rest. The time of porous mixture is 120-140 s, setting time 1 h 50 min - 2 h 30 min, strength 13.7-34.5 MPa. 2 tab.

Description

The invention relates to the building materials industry and can be used for the manufacture of enclosing structures and lightweight concrete products.

The chain of the invention is the acceleration of the porisation and the setting of the mixture, the increase in the strength of concrete.

The dust of the ferrosilicon production has a chemical composition,%:. SiOj, 91-95.6; 1.0-1 Al2.0g 0.8-1.6; CaO 0.8-1.1; MgO 1.4-1.8; Rj, 0 0.4-0.6; ZOe 0.4-0.5; ppp, 1.3-1.6. The main component of the plug is anhydrous amorphous: orphic silica in particles less than 1 µm in size and 2.26 g / cm in density. The specific surface area of the waste is 25000-35000.

The joint inclusion of ammonium chloride () and ferro-silicon production into the mixture at a specified ratio of mixture components and using as a basic cementitious portland cement can simultaneously achieve three positive effects in the mixture: intensification of foam porisation, accelerated setting and increased strength of the steamed concrete . Studies have shown that the intensification of the porisation of a mixture in comparison with the known mixtures is achieved due to the fact that

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In a turbulent mixer, it passes under the conditions of a gas flow to the pinched air due to the interaction of ammonium chloride and lime (calcium oxide hydrate) with the formation of a shnaka, as well as due to a higher content in the mixture of colloidal faecal with Portland. This is the dust-dust produced by ferrosilicon. The role of the colloidal phase is to enhance the air-holding capacity of the mixture and increase the stability of the foam foam in it. These features of the mixture allow the use of microns and aluminum powder only to stabilize the volume of the porous mixture poured into the form (in all porous mixtures) defined water separation after pouring).

The acceleration of the setting of the mixture is due to the fact that calcium chloride is formed in the mixture as a result of the above exchange reaction. It has been established that the joint presence of a mixture of chloride salt and amorphous silica, pith-entrainment, enhances the activating effect of each of these additives on the processes of g: injection of cement, as well as the interaction of hydration products and lime with coal ash and blast-furnace slag. As a result, not only is the coagulation of skvshaschanl porous mixture, but also the strength of concrete under conditions of steaming due to the formation of the optimum ratio in the hydration of new hydroxysilicates, hydrogarnet and calcium hydrosulfoaluminate with a predominantly fibrous content of hydrosilicate silicates The peculiarity of the proposed mixture in comparison with the known for obtaining the optimal phase composition of the formations is also a higher ash content and a lower content of granulated slag.

The proposed mixture allows obtaining a result in that lightweight concrete in a bulk weight range of 1000-1400 kg / m is characterized by compressive strength, respectively, of 14-35 MPa. This reveals the possibility of complex application of the same type of lightweight concrete based on by-products of industry for the manufacture of all products of housebuilding (exterior and interior wall panels, floor panels, balcony plates, etc.). These qualities of the proposed mixture in combination with increased plasticity also determine the particular efficiency of its use for the construction of low and high-rise monolithic houses. Dp of preparing lightweight concrete from the proposed mixture, three mixtures of components are prepared, comprising, in wt%: portland cement M 400 12-22; coal ash with a specific surface 3200 25-29; granulated blast furnace slag fr. ё: 10. mm 22-30; hammer lime-boil 4-8; sodium alkyl sulfate (Progress detergent) 0.06-0.25; aluminum powder PAP-3 0.002-0.004; ammonium chloride 0.3-0.8; fly ash produced by ferrocilip 2-6; water 185683-19,946 (compounds 1-3). At the same time, to confirm the optimality of the proposed formulations, two mixtures are prepared with the content of components beyond the stated limits (compounds 4 and 5). In addition, well-known mixtures are prepared (compositions 6 and 7).

The preparation of equiplastic mixtures (immersion of a standard cone of 3-4 cm) is carried out using conventional methods in a C-868 type turbulent mixer, noting the time of porosation of mixtures until a given bulk density is obtained. Samples 10 × 10 × 10 cm in size were molded from porous mixtures, and after setting, controlled with margins of a conical plastometer, the samples were steamed at 95–100 ° C according to the 3 + 10 + 3 h mode. After the subsequent drying, the samples were 28 days old. tested-to determine bulk density, strength and frost resistance. Specific examples of mixtures and their physico-mechanical properties are given in table. 1 and 2.

As can be seen from the data table. 2, the proposed mixture is characterized by a comparison with known accelerated foam porisation and seizure, and the resulting lightweight concrete has a higher strength.

In comparison with the known mixture, the proposed mixture is characterized by a more intensive porisation with turbulent mixing and a shorter time,

Lightweight concrete from the proposed mixture with an equal bulk density with concrete from known mixtures has higher strength values.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula Sriev mixture for the manufacture of lightweight concrete, including portland cement, coal ash, granulated blast furnace, lime, sodium alkyl sulfate, aluminum powder, additive and water, so that, in order to accelerate the pore and consolidate the mixture, increase strength concrete, it contains as an additive ammonium chloride and additionally drink-fly ferrosilicon production in the following ratio, wt.%: Portland cement 12-22 Hard coal ash25t29 Granulated domain- pshak22-30 Lime4-8 Sodium alkylsulfate 0, Q6-0.25 Aluminum powder 0.002-0.004 Ammonium chloride 0.3-0.8 Pt-abyss production of ferrosilicon 2-6 Water. Rest Table confirmation optimal stna 4 5 6 7 200 185 270 300 3-20 2-50 5-30 5-00 table 2 11.4 10.7 11.0 12.4 170 160 75 175