KR20040017144A - Composition of Lightweight / Foamed Concrete and Method of Making Same - Google Patents
Composition of Lightweight / Foamed Concrete and Method of Making Same Download PDFInfo
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- KR20040017144A KR20040017144A KR1020020049279A KR20020049279A KR20040017144A KR 20040017144 A KR20040017144 A KR 20040017144A KR 1020020049279 A KR1020020049279 A KR 1020020049279A KR 20020049279 A KR20020049279 A KR 20020049279A KR 20040017144 A KR20040017144 A KR 20040017144A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/02—Agglomerated materials, e.g. artificial aggregates
- C04B18/027—Lightweight materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/16—Sulfur-containing compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/10—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof by using foaming agents or by using mechanical means, e.g. adding preformed foam
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B7/00—Hydraulic cements
- C04B7/32—Aluminous cements
- C04B7/323—Calcium aluminosulfate cements, e.g. cements hydrating into ettringite
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/40—Porous or lightweight materials
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
Description
본 발명은 경량콘크리트 및 그 제조 방법에 관한 것으로, 특히 기포 발생 및 방수 처리 방법 등에 관한 것으로 발생 기포의 양과 크기를 임의로 조절 가능하고 속경성 시멘트를 첨가제로 사용하여 기포의 소포나 증대로 인한 영향을 적게 받는 경량콘크리트 및 그 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.The present invention relates to a lightweight concrete and a method for manufacturing the same, and more particularly, to a method for generating bubbles and waterproofing. The amount and size of bubbles generated can be arbitrarily controlled, and the effects of bubbles or increase in bubbles are obtained by using fast cement as an additive. It relates to a lightweight concrete and a method of manufacturing the same.
또한, 본 발명은 경량골재로 소성 진주암을 사용하여 적정한 압축강도를 유지하면서 비중을 낮게 한 경량콘크리트 및 그 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.In addition, the present invention relates to a lightweight concrete having a low specific gravity while maintaining a proper compressive strength by using calcined pearlite as a lightweight aggregate, and a method for manufacturing the same.
기포작용에 의한 경량콘크리트는 고압증기양생(ALC류), 상압증기양생(PALC류), 현장타설(아파트 단열용) 경량콘크리트의 크게 3종류로 구분되며, 양생방법 중에서도 기포의 생성방법에 따라 발포법, 프리폼(Pre-foam)법, 믹서폼(Mix-foam)법으로 구분된다. 이런 종류들은 슬러리 속에 기포제를 혼합하여 발포시키는 방법과 미리 기포를 만든 다음 슬러리에 혼합시키는 방법으로 구별할 수 있다. 기포를 슬러리 속에서 발포시키는 방법은 ALC와 같은 제품 제조 시에 사용되는 방법으로, 금속분말 기포제(AL분말, Zn분말 등)를 사용한다.Lightweight concrete by foaming action is divided into three types of high pressure steam curing (ALC), atmospheric steam curing (PALC), and in-situ casting (for insulation of apartment) lightweight concrete. Method, pre-foam method, mixer foam (Mix-foam) method. These types can be distinguished by mixing the foaming agent in a slurry and foaming, and mixing the foam in a slurry in advance. A method of foaming bubbles in a slurry is a method used in manufacturing a product such as ALC, and uses a metal powder foaming agent (AL powder, Zn powder, etc.).
한편, 미리 기포를 만들어 슬러리에 혼합시키는 방법은 현장 타설용 기포콘크리트 제조 시에 사용되는 방법으로, 유기물 기포제(식물성 기포제, 동물성 단백질 기포제 등)를 사용한다.On the other hand, the method of preparing the foam in advance and mixing it into the slurry is a method used in the production of foam concrete for in-site casting, using an organic foaming agent (vegetable foaming agent, animal protein foaming agent, etc.).
ALC의 제조와 같이 슬러리에 기포제를 혼입하여 발포시키는 방법은 최종부피를 가늠할 수 없기 때문에, 완전 발포후 일정한 크기로 절단하여 양생 하지만, 기포를 미리 만들어 슬러리와 같이 혼합하는 방법은 설계부피 만큼만 타설하여 양생시키면 되므로, 타설후의 가공이 필요 없는 차이가 있다.Since the final volume can not be determined by mixing the foaming agent in the slurry and foaming, as in the manufacture of ALC, it is cut and cured to a certain size after complete foaming.However, the method of preparing the foam in advance and mixing it with the slurry is poured by design volume. Since curing is necessary, there is a difference in that processing after pouring is unnecessary.
또, 금속분말 기포제는 높은 온도 조건에서 반응하는 경우가 대부분으로, 상온에서는 화학반응이 일어나지 않거나 늦게 일어나는 경향이 있어, 상온에서 제조 시에 기포의 생성량이 적어 생산성이 떨어지는 반면에, 유기물 기포제는 상온에서 쉽게 발포되므로 현장 타설용으로 주로 사용된다.In addition, the metal powder foaming agent reacts in a high temperature condition most of the time, the chemical reaction does not occur or occurs late at room temperature, the production amount of the foam at the time of manufacturing at room temperature is low and productivity is low, whereas the organic foaming agent is room temperature It is easily foamed at, so it is mainly used for on-site pouring.
건조분말 기포제를 사용하는 선행기술로는 금속 알루미늄 분말이나 금속 아연 분말을 이용해 ALC 제품을 제조하는 기술이 대부분이고, 현장 타설용 경량기포콘크리트를 제조하기 위해서는 액상 유기물 기포제(동물성 단백질 기포제, 식물성기포제 등)가 사용되어 왔다.The prior art using a dry powder foaming agent is a technique for manufacturing ALC products using metal aluminum powder or metal zinc powder, and in order to manufacture lightweight foam concrete for in-site casting, liquid organic foaming agents (animal protein foaming agents, vegetable foaming agents, etc.) ) Has been used.
종래 현장에서 기포작용에 의한 경량콘크리트를 제조하는 방법은 약 20∼30톤의 큰 용기에 약 2%정도의 농도로 유기물 기포 원액을 희석한 다음, 기포액 이송 펌프를 이용하여 발포기로 압송할 때, 고압 콤프레셔에 의해 생성된 압축공기를 발포기로 이송되는 기포액에 분사시켜 기포군을 만들어 몰탈 슬러리와 함께 혼합하는 방법을 주로 사용하고 있다. 여기서, 기포군의 비중을 일반적으로 약 0.035∼0.05정도로 만들어 시멘트 슬러리와 혼합해야 안정된 기포콘크리트가 만들어지는 것으로 되어 있으나, 기포를 만드는 발포기의 형상이나 크기가 각 장비마다 일정하지 않기 때문에 기포군의 품질도 다르게 제조될 수밖에 없다.Conventionally, the method for producing lightweight concrete by bubble action is to dilute the organic foam stock solution at a concentration of about 2% in a large container of about 20-30 tons, and then pressurize it to the foamer using a foam liquid transfer pump. In this case, the compressed air generated by the high pressure compressor is sprayed on the bubble liquid transferred to the foaming machine to make a bubble group, and a method of mixing with the mortar slurry is mainly used. Here, the specific gravity of the bubble group is generally about 0.035 to 0.05 and mixed with the cement slurry to form a stable foam concrete, but since the shape and size of the foaming machine making the bubble is not constant for each equipment, The quality can only be manufactured differently.
또, 기포 원액을 희석하는 농도도 작업자에 따라 약 2%에서 7%까지 다르게 희석하므로, 기포군의 비중이 각양각색임은 물론 경량기포콘크리트의 품질이 불균질 하게 된다. 또, 사용되고 있는 기포 원액이 유기물이기 때문에 기포콘크리트 타설 작업이 끝난 후, 기포 희석액이 남았을 경우 처리가 곤란하고, 남은 기포액을 방치하거나 하수구로 방류했을 경우 부패하여 악취가 발생하는 등의 문제점이 있다.In addition, since the concentration of diluting the bubble undiluted solution varies from about 2% to 7% depending on the operator, the specific gravity of the bubble group is varied, as well as the quality of the light foam concrete is heterogeneous. In addition, since the bubble stock solution used is an organic substance, it is difficult to treat the foam dilution after the completion of the foam concrete work, and there is a problem such that if the remaining foam solution is left or discharged to the sewer, it will rot and cause odor. .
기포작용에 의한 경량콘크리트에서 기포군의 생성이 중요한 만큼 좀더 진보된 기술로는 기포 원액을 혼합수와 희석하지 않고 기포 원액과 혼합수를 각각 사용하여 원가상승 요인을 방지하고 기포액이 남는 것을 방지하는 방법이 있을 수 있으나, 이는 복잡한 장치가 요구되는 문제점이 있고, 여전히 품질의 불안정한 문제를 내포하고 있다.As the generation of bubble group is important in light concrete by bubble action, more advanced technology is used to avoid cost increase factor and to prevent bubbles remaining by using bubble stock solution and mixed water separately without diluting bubble stock solution with mixed water. There may be a way to do this, but there is a problem that a complicated device is required, and still poses an unstable problem of quality.
즉, ALC 등은 공장 건설비 및 제조원가가 높아 경제성에 문제시되고 있으며 현장 타설용은 기포를 별도로 발생시켜 레미콘에 혼합하여 시공할 경우 기포발생 장치 및 혼합설비의 별도 설치로 인한 번거로움과 시공 후 기포의 소포로 인한 부피감소로 균열 및 비중 증가 등의 문제점이 있다. 이러한 여러 가지 문제점을 해결하고자 많은 연구가 이루어져 왔으며 특히 ALC 제조기술에 관하여는 오래 전부터 수많은 연구가 이루어지고 있다.In other words, ALC, etc., is a problem for economic feasibility due to high factory construction cost and manufacturing cost. In case of on-site casting, if bubbles are generated separately and mixed with ready-mixed concrete, they are troublesome due to separate installation of bubble generator and mixing facilities. There is a problem such as an increase in crack and specific gravity due to the volume reduction due to the defoaming. Many studies have been made to solve these various problems, and in particular, many studies have been made for a long time regarding the ALC manufacturing technology.
최근 이와 관련된 특허 동향에 있어서, 일본공개특허공보 2000-203967호에는 "발수처리 경량기포콘크리트 제조 방법"으로 종래의 시멘트-생석회-석고-규석 조성물에 Al 분말을 기포제로 사용하여 고압증기양생(180℃, 4시간)한 후 발수제를 도포하는 방법에 대해 기술하고 있으며, 이외에도 일본공개특허공보 2000-119077호에 있어서 산업폐기물 및 공업부산물 활용에 관한 기술, 일본공개특허공보 평9-328373호에 있어서 착색경량기포콘크리트에 관한 기술, 대한민국 공개특허공보 1999-015340호에 있어서 암석미분 슬러지를 이용한 경량기포콘크리트 조성물 및 제조 방법에 관한 기술 등이 있다.In the recent patent trends, Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 2000-203967 discloses a method for producing water-repellent lightweight foamed concrete using Al powder as a foaming agent in a conventional cement-lime-gypsum-gypstone composition. 4 hours), and a method of applying a water repellent agent. In addition, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2000-119077 describes a technique for utilizing industrial waste and industrial by-products, and Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 9-328373. The technology regarding colored light-weight foam concrete, and the technique regarding the light weight foam concrete composition and manufacturing method using rock fine powder sludge in Korean Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 1999-015340, etc. are mentioned.
또, 현장 타설용 경량기포콘크리트 제조 방법에 관하여는 대한민국 공개특허공보 2000-0055032호에 있어서 현장타설용 경량기포콘크리트 제조장치에 관한 기술, 대한민국 공개특허공보 2000-0052017호에 있어서 분말 기포제를 이용한 현장 타설용 경량기포콘크리트 제조의 분말 기포제 개발에 관한 기술, 대한민국 공개특허공보 2000-0026182호에 있어서 경량기포콘크리트 혼화제 조성물의 혼화제 조성물로 지방산 알코올, 에틸렌옥사이드, 아질산염, 폴리아크릴산 등을 사용하는 기술, 대한민국 공개특허공보 2000-0012530에 있어서 온수온돌용 경량기포콘크리트의 제조와 시공방법의 점토를 소성 팽창시켜 골재로 사용한 방법에 관한 기술 등이 있다.In addition, regarding the method for manufacturing lightweight foamed concrete for on-the-spot casting, a technique relating to the apparatus for manufacturing lightweight foamed concrete for in-situ casting, and a site using powder foaming agent in Korean Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-0052017 Technology for the development of powder foaming agent for the manufacture of lightweight foamed concrete for pouring, Technique for using fatty acid alcohol, ethylene oxide, nitrite, polyacrylic acid, etc. as admixture composition of lightweight foamed concrete admixture composition in Korea Patent Publication No. 2000-0026182, Korea Patent Document No. 2000-0012530, there is a technique for the production of lightweight foam concrete for hot water ondol and a method for plastic expansion of the clay of the construction method used as aggregate.
또한, 경량콘크리트에 관하여는 일본 공개특허 2001-287987호에 있어서 초경량콘크리트에 관한 기술, 일본 공개특허공보 2001-261413호에 있어서 경량콘크리트 조성물에 관한 기술로서 대부분 경량골재를 사용하여 비중이 약 1.5이상이고 압축강도가 약 150㎏/㎠ 이상인 콘크리트 제품에 관한 것으로 본 발명자가 목적으로 하는 비중 1.0이하 압축강도 100㎏/㎠이상의 제품과는 차이가 있었다.In addition, regarding lightweight concrete, the technique related to ultra-light concrete in JP 2001-287987, and the technique related to lightweight concrete composition in JP 2001-261413, mostly use lightweight aggregate, and the specific gravity is about 1.5 or more. And a concrete product having a compressive strength of about 150 kg / cm 2 or more, which is different from a product having a specific gravity of 1.0 or less and a compressive strength of 100 kg / cm 2 or more.
즉, 본 발명자의 연구 결과 현장 타설용 경량콘크리트 기술에 있어서는 아직 시공상의 불편 등 해결해야할 문제점으로 남아있고, 특히 포트랜드 시멘트를 사용할 경우 양생기간의 조정이 어려워 기포의 소포작용으로 비중의 조절, 건조수축 등에 의한 균열 등이 문제점으로 대두되고 있다.That is, as a result of the research of the present inventors, there is still a problem to be solved, such as inconvenience in construction, in the light concrete technology for site casting, and in particular, when using Portland cement, it is difficult to adjust the curing period, thereby controlling the specific gravity and drying shrinkage due to the bubble defoaming action. Cracks and the like have become a problem.
한편, 기포제로 동물성 단백질 등을 사용하므로 공해 발생의 우려 등이 잔존하며 혼화제 조성물 등은 여러 가지 화합물을 복잡하게 사용하여 비용의 증가와 제조공정의 복잡성 등이 문제점으로 대두되고 있다.On the other hand, since animal proteins and the like are used as the foaming agent, there is a concern about pollution generation, and the admixture composition has various problems such as an increase in cost and complexity of a manufacturing process by using various compounds in a complex manner.
본 발명의 목적은 상술한 바와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 이루어진 것으로서, 포트랜드 시멘트의 경화성을 촉진시켜 소포에 따른 문제점을 해결하고 고강도 팽창제를 사용하여 건조수축에 따른 균열을 저감시키며 초기 강도를 증진시켜 후속 작업 효과를 증대시키는 경량콘크리트 및 그 제조 방법을 제공하는 것이다.An object of the present invention is to solve the problems as described above, to solve the problems caused by the vesicles by promoting the curing properties of Portland cement, using a high-strength expansion agent to reduce the cracks caused by dry shrinkage and to increase the initial strength It is to provide a lightweight concrete and a method of manufacturing the same to increase the work effect.
본 발명의 다른 목적은 기포제와 기포 안정제를 건조 상태로 시멘트와 혼화제 등을 혼합한 콘크리트 조성물에 함께 첨가하여 혼합하여 시공 시에 물만을 첨가하여 고속 교반하여 기포를 발생시킴으로서 기포발생기를 별도로 사용할 필요가 없어 작업이 용이하게 되는 경량콘크리트 및 그 제조 방법을 제공하는 것이다.Another object of the present invention is to add a foaming agent and bubble stabilizer to a concrete composition mixed with cement and admixtures in a dry state, to mix and add water only at the time of construction to generate air bubbles by high-speed agitation so that a bubble generator needs to be used separately. It is to provide a lightweight concrete and its manufacturing method that is easy to work.
본 발명의 또 다른 목적은 다공질로 이루어져 구조물을 경량화시킬 수 있는 소성 진주암을 사용하는 경량콘크리트 및 그 제조 방법을 제공하는 것이다.Still another object of the present invention is to provide a lightweight concrete using a calcined pearlite which can be made of porous material to reduce the weight of the structure, and a method of manufacturing the same.
상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 경량콘크리트는 경량콘크리트 조성물에 있어서, 성형 후에 겉보기 비중이 0.9이상 1.1이하이고, 압축강도가 100㎏/㎠이상인 것을 특징으로 한다.Lightweight concrete of the present invention for achieving the above object is characterized in that in the lightweight concrete composition, the apparent specific gravity after molding is 0.9 or more and 1.1 or less, the compressive strength is 100kg / ㎠ or more.
또, 상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 경량콘크리트는 상기 조성물에 기포제를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the lightweight concrete of the present invention for achieving the above object is characterized in that it comprises a foaming agent in the composition.
또, 상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 경량콘크리트의 상기 조성물은 포트랜드 시멘트 95∼99중량%, 칼슘설포알루미네이트 시멘트 1∼5중량%로 이루어진 시멘트의 100중량부에 아연아세테이트 0.1∼2.0중량부, 바이오플로우 0.1∼3.0중량부, 기포제인 소디움라우릴설페이트 0.01∼0.30중량부 및 기포증강제인 폴리새커라이드 0.05∼0.50중량부를 함유하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the composition of the lightweight concrete of the present invention for achieving the above object is 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight of zinc acetate to 100 parts by weight of cement composed of 95 to 99% by weight of Portland cement, 1 to 5% by weight of calcium sulfoaluminate cement. And 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight of bioflow, 0.01 to 0.30 parts by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate as a foaming agent, and 0.05 to 0.50 parts by weight of polysaccharide, a foam enhancer.
또, 상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 경량콘크리트는 상기 조성된 조성물에 물/시멘트의 비가 0.4이하가 되도록 물이 첨가된 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the lightweight concrete of the present invention for achieving the above object is characterized in that water is added to the composition to the water / cement ratio of 0.4 or less.
또, 상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 경량콘크리트는 성형 후에 겉보기 비중이 0.9이상 1.1이하이고, 압축강도가 100㎏/㎠이상으로서, 경량골재를 포함하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the light weight concrete of the present invention for achieving the above object has an apparent specific gravity of 0.9 or more and 1.1 or less after molding, and a compressive strength of 100 kg / cm 2 or more, characterized in that it comprises a lightweight aggregate.
또, 상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 경량콘크리트는 포트랜드 시멘트 88∼95 중량%, 경량골재인 소성 진주암 5∼12중량%를 혼합한 조성물에 물/시멘트의 비가 0.44 이하가 되도록 물이 첨가된 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the lightweight concrete of the present invention for achieving the above object is added water so that the water / cement ratio of 0.44 or less to the composition of 88-95% by weight of Portland cement, 5-12% by weight of calcined pearlite which is a lightweight aggregate It is characterized by.
또, 상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 경량콘크리트는 상기 소성 진주암의 평균 입경이 0.5∼2mm인 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the lightweight concrete of the present invention for achieving the above object is characterized in that the average particle diameter of the calcined pearlite is 0.5 to 2mm.
또, 상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 경량콘크리트의 제조 방법은 포트랜드 시멘트 95∼99중량%, 칼슘설포알루미네이트 시멘트 1∼5중량%를 혼합하여 혼련한 후, 이 혼련된 시멘트의 100중량부에 아연아세테이트 0.1∼2.0중량부, 바이오플로우 0.1∼3.0중량부, 기포제인 소디움라우릴설페이트 0.01∼0.30중량부 및 기포증강제인 폴리새커라이드 0.05∼0.50중량부를 첨가하여 경량콘크리트의 조성물을 생성하고, 이 조성물에 물/시멘트의 비가 0.4이하가 되도록 물을 첨가한 후, 고속 교반하여 슬러리내에서 기포를 발생시키는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the method for producing lightweight concrete of the present invention for achieving the above object is kneaded by mixing 95 to 99% by weight of Portland cement, 1 to 5% by weight of calcium sulfoaluminate cement, and then 100 parts by weight of the kneaded cement. 0.1 to 2.0 parts by weight of zinc acetate, 0.1 to 3.0 parts by weight of bioflow, 0.01 to 0.30 parts by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate as a foaming agent and 0.05 to 0.50 parts by weight of polysaccharide, a foam enhancer, were added to form a light concrete composition. Water is added to the composition so that the ratio of water / cement is 0.4 or less, and then the mixture is stirred at high speed to generate bubbles in the slurry.
또, 상기 목적을 달성하기 위한 본 발명의 경량콘크리트의 제조 방법은 포트랜드 시멘트 88∼95 중량%, 경량골재인 소성 진주암 5∼12중량%를 혼합한 조성물을 생성한 후, 상기 조성물에 물/시멘트의 비가 0.44 이하가 되도록 물을 첨가하여 슬러리를 형성하는 것을 특징으로 한다.In addition, the method for producing lightweight concrete according to the present invention for achieving the above object is to produce a composition of 88 to 95% by weight of Portland cement, 5 to 12% by weight of calcined pearlite which is a lightweight aggregate, and then the water / cement to the composition The slurry is formed by adding water so that the ratio is 0.44 or less.
이하, 본 발명의 실시예 및 비교예를 구체적으로 설명한다.Hereinafter, the Example and comparative example of this invention are demonstrated concretely.
본 발명에 있어서는 보통 레미콘용으로 사용하기 쉬운 응결, 경화 속도를 갖는 포트랜드 시멘트를 사용하며, 또한, 시멘트 중의 수화 반응으로 강도를 촉진하기 위해 칼슘알루미네이트 수화물을 조기에 생성시키는 방법과 석고계 광물을 병용하여 침상의 칼슘설포알루미네이트 수화물을 생성시키는 방법이 알려져 있지만, 본 발명에 있어서는 장기 강도를 증진시키기 위해 칼슘설포알루미네이트계 속경성 시멘트를 사용한다.In the present invention, Portland cement having a condensation and curing rate that is easy to use is usually used for ready-mixed concrete, and also a method of early generation of calcium aluminate hydrate to promote strength by hydration reaction in cement and gypsum mineral Although a method of producing needle-like calcium sulfoaluminate hydrates in combination is known, in the present invention, calcium sulfoaluminate-based fast hardening cement is used to enhance long-term strength.
또, 본 발명에 있어서는 점차 고갈되어 가고 있는 천연 또는 석산 골재를 대체하는 방안을 모색하고자 석탄화력발전소에서 석탄을 연소시킨 후 발생하는 회분 중 노벽이나 과열기 및 예열기 등에 부착되어 자중에 의해 보일러 바닥에 떨어지는 회인 바텀 애쉬(Bottom Ash)를 포집한 후 급격한 냉각이나 인위적 분쇄로 입자를 형성하여 경량콘크리트의 제조가 가능한지를 실험하였다. 이 바텀 애쉬는 모래와 흡사한 형상이며 또한, 다공질 입자로 되어 있어 구조물을 경량화시킬 수 있을 것이라는 점에서 착안하였다.In addition, in the present invention, in order to find a way to replace the gradually depleted natural or masonry aggregate, it is attached to a furnace wall, a superheater, a preheater, etc., generated after burning coal in a coal-fired power plant and falls on the boiler floor by its own weight. After collecting the ash bottom ash (Bottom Ash) was tested by the rapid cooling or artificial grinding to form particles to test whether it is possible to produce lightweight concrete. This bottom ash is similar in shape to sand and has been conceived in that it is made of porous particles, so that the structure can be reduced in weight.
본 발명에서 사용한 경량콘크리트의 제조를 위한 조성물의 종류 및 화학성분은 표 1과 같으며 본 발명에 의한 경량콘크리트 및 그 제조 방법에 관한 구체적인 실시예는 다음과 같다.The composition and chemical composition of the composition for the production of lightweight concrete used in the present invention are shown in Table 1, and specific examples of the lightweight concrete and the method for producing the same according to the present invention are as follows.
표 1. 경량콘크리트 조성물의 종류 및 화학성분Table 1. Types and Chemical Compositions of Lightweight Concrete Compositions
<실시예 1><Example 1>
실시예 1은 기포작용에 의한 경량콘크리트와 그 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.Example 1 relates to a lightweight concrete by a bubble action and a method of manufacturing the same.
실시예 1에 있어서, 콘크리트 조성물은 포트랜드 시멘트 97중량%와 칼슘설포알루미네이트계 속경성 시멘트 3중량%로 구성하고, 이 조성물의 100중량%당 아연아세테이트 0.2중량%, 바이오플로우 0.5중량%, 기포제로 소디움라우릴설페이트 0.05중량%, 기포증강제로 폴리새커라이드 0.10중량%를 첨가하여 생성하였다.In Example 1, the concrete composition is composed of 97% by weight of Portland cement and 3% by weight of calcium sulfoaluminate fast cement, 0.2% by weight of zinc acetate, 0.5% by weight of bioflow, foaming agent per 100% by weight of the composition. It was produced by adding 0.05% by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate and 0.10% by weight of polysaccharide as a foam enhancer.
이와 같이 생성된 조성물에 물-시멘트비(W/C)를 0.4로 하여 고속으로 교반한 후 큐빅몰드에 장입하여 자연 양생하였다.The composition thus produced was stirred at high speed with a water-cement ratio (W / C) of 0.4 and charged in a cubic mold to naturally cure.
다음에 테스트를 위해 상술한 바와 같이 제조된 콘크리트를 28일간 양생하고 건조된 시료를 테스트한 바, 겉보기 비중은 0.93이고, 압축강도는 160㎏/㎠ 이었다.Next, the concrete prepared as described above was cured for 28 days and the dried sample was tested. The apparent specific gravity was 0.93, and the compressive strength was 160 kg / cm 2.
<비교예 1>Comparative Example 1
비교예 1은 산업폐기물인 바텀애쉬를 사용하기 위한 경량콘크리트와 그 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.Comparative Example 1 relates to a lightweight concrete and a manufacturing method for using the bottom ash, which is industrial waste.
비교예 1에 있어서, 콘크리트 조성물은 포트랜드 시멘트 32중량%, 칼슘설포알루미네이트계 속경성 시멘트 3중량%, 질석 5중량%와 바텀애쉬 60중량%로 구성하고, 이 조성물의 100중량%당 아연아세테이트 0.3중량%, 바이플로우 1.0중량%, 카드복실 메틸 셀룰로오스 0.05중량%, 폴리비닐알콜 0.05중량%를 첨가하여 생성하였다.In Comparative Example 1, the concrete composition is composed of 32% by weight of Portland cement, 3% by weight of calcium sulfoaluminate-based hard cement, 5% by weight of vermiculite and 60% by weight of bottom ash, and zinc acetate per 100% by weight of the composition. 0.3 wt%, 1.0 wt% of biflow, 0.05 wt% of cardboxy methyl cellulose, and 0.05 wt% of polyvinyl alcohol were added.
이와 같이 생성된 조성물에 물-시멘트비(W/C)를 1.00으로 하여 고속으로 교반한 후 큐빅몰드에 장입하여 자연 양생하였다.The composition thus produced was stirred at high speed with a water-cement ratio (W / C) of 1.00 and charged in a cubic mold to naturally cure.
다음에 테스트를 위해 상술한 바와 같이 제조된 콘크리트를 28일간 양생하고 건조된 시료를 테스트한 바, 겉보기 비중은 0.94이고, 압축강도는 84㎏/㎠ 이었다.Next, the concrete prepared as described above was cured for 28 days and the dried sample was tested. The apparent specific gravity was 0.94 and the compressive strength was 84 kg / cm 2.
<비교예 2>Comparative Example 2
비교예 2는 화력발전소에서 발생되는 산업폐기물인 바텀애쉬와 고로슬래그를 사용하기 위한 경량콘크리트와 그 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.Comparative Example 2 relates to a lightweight concrete and a method of manufacturing the same for using bottom ash and blast furnace slag, which are industrial wastes generated at a thermal power plant.
비교예 2에 있어서, 콘크리트 조성물은 포트랜드 시멘트 40중량%, 칼슘설포알루미네이트계 속경성 시멘트 3중량%, 고로슬래그 10중량%와 바텀애쉬 47중량%로 구성하고, 이 조성물의 100중량%당 아연아세테이트 0.2중량%, 바이플로우 0.5중량%, 기포제로 소디움라우릴설페이트 0.05중량%, 기포증강제로 폴리새커라이드 0.05중량%를 첨가하여 생성하였다.In Comparative Example 2, the concrete composition is composed of 40% by weight Portland cement, 3% by weight calcium sulfoaluminate-based fast cement, 10% by weight blast furnace slag and 47% by weight bottom ash, zinc per 100% by weight of the composition 0.2 wt% of acetate, 0.5 wt% of biflow, 0.05 wt% of sodium lauryl sulfate as foaming agent, and 0.05 wt% of polysaccharide as foaming enhancer were added.
이와 같이 생성된 조성물에 물-시멘트비(W/C)를 0.68로 하여 고속으로 교반한 후 큐빅몰드에 장입하여 자연 양생하였다.The composition thus produced was stirred at high speed with a water-cement ratio (W / C) of 0.68 and charged in a cubic mold for natural curing.
다음에 테스트를 위해 상술한 바와 같이 제조된 콘크리트를 28일간 양생하고 건조된 시료를 테스트한 바, 겉보기 비중은 1.14이고, 압축강도는 3㎏/㎠ 이었다.Next, the concrete prepared as described above was cured for 28 days and the dried sample was tested. The apparent specific gravity was 1.14, and the compressive strength was 3 kg / cm 2.
<비교예 3>Comparative Example 3
비교예 3은 화력발전소에서 발생되는 산업폐기물인 플라이애쉬와 질석을 사용하기 위한 경량콘크리트와 그 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.Comparative Example 3 relates to a lightweight concrete and a method of manufacturing the same for using fly ash and vermiculite which are industrial wastes generated from a thermal power plant.
비교예 3에 있어서, 콘크리트 조성물은 포트랜드 시멘트 42중량%, 칼슘설포알루미네이트계 속경성 시멘트 3중량%, 플라이애쉬 10중량%와 질석 3중량%로 구성하고, 이 조성물의 100중량%당 아연아세테이트 0.2중량%, 바이플로우 1.0중량%, 기포제로 소디움라우릴설페이트 0.05중량%, 기포증강제로 폴리새커라이드 0.05중량%를 첨가하여 생성하였다.In Comparative Example 3, the concrete composition is composed of 42% by weight Portland cement, 3% by weight calcium sulfoaluminate-based fast cement, 10% by weight fly ash and 3% by weight vermiculite, zinc acetate per 100% by weight of the composition 0.2% by weight, 1.0% by weight of biflow, 0.05% by weight of sodium lauryl sulfate as a foaming agent, and 0.05% by weight of polysaccharide as a foam enhancer were added.
이와 같이 생성된 조성물에 물-시멘트비(W/C)를 0.77로 하여 고속으로 교반한 후 큐빅몰드에 장입하여 자연 양생하였다.The resulting composition was stirred at high speed with a water-cement ratio (W / C) of 0.77 and charged in a cubic mold to naturally cure.
다음에 테스트를 위해 상술한 바와 같이 제조된 콘크리트를 28일간 양생하고 건조된 시료를 테스트한 바, 겉보기 비중은 0.79이고, 압축강도는 3㎏/㎠ 이었다.Next, the concrete prepared as described above was cured for 28 days and the dried sample was tested. The apparent specific gravity was 0.79, and the compressive strength was 3 kg / cm 2.
따라서, 이와 같이 기포제와 기포증강제를 사용한 실시예 1의 콘크리트는 아파트 등 고층건물의 온돌부분에 사용할 수 있음을 알게 되었다. 여기서 아파트의 온돌부분에는 압축강도가 100㎏/㎠이상의 조건을 만족하면 되고, 콘크리트의 비중은 적으면 적을수록 좋지만 0.9 내지 1.1 정도로 경량화 하면 고층건물의 콘크리트 자체 하중을 저감시키면서 압축강도가 충분한 콘크리트를 얻을 수 있게 되었다.Therefore, it was found that the concrete of Example 1 using the foaming agent and the foam enhancer can be used for the ondol part of high-rise buildings such as apartments. Here, the ondol part of the apartment should satisfy the condition of compressive strength of 100㎏ / ㎠ or more, and the smaller the specific gravity of concrete, the better. I can get it.
표 2.는 상기한 실시예 1과 비교예 1 내지 3을 종합 비교하여 대비한 것을 나타낸 표이다.Table 2 is a table showing the comparison by comparing the above-described Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3.
표 2. 기포작용에 의한 경량콘크리트의 실시예 및 비교예Table 2. Examples and Comparative Examples of Lightweight Concrete by Bubble Action
※OPC : 포트랜드시멘트, CSA : 칼슘설포알루미네이트 시멘트, FA : 플라이애쉬, BS : 고로슬래그, VP : 질석, BA : 바텀애쉬, PL : 소성 진주암, ZnS : 아연아세테이트, BiF : 바이오플로우, SLS : 소디움 라우릴 설페이트, PSL : 폴리새커라이드, CMC : 카드복실메틸셀룰로오스, W/C : 물-시멘트비, SpG : 겉보기 비중.※ OPC: Portland Cement, CSA: Calcium Sulfoaluminate Cement, FA: Fly Ash, BS: Blast Furnace Slag, VP: Vermiculite, BA: Bottom Ash, PL: Calcined Pearl Rock, ZnS: Zinc Acetate, BiF: Bioflow, SLS: Sodium lauryl sulfate, PSL: polysaccharide, CMC: cardyl methyl cellulose, W / C: water-cement ratio, SpG: apparent specific gravity.
<실시예 2><Example 2>
실시예 2는 경량골재를 사용한 경량콘크리트와 그 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.Example 2 relates to a lightweight concrete using a lightweight aggregate and a method of manufacturing the same.
실시예 2에 있어서, 경량콘크리트는 포트랜드 시멘트 90중량%, 소성 진주암 10중량%로 구성하여 생성하였다.In Example 2, the lightweight concrete was produced by consisting of 90% by weight Portland cement, 10% by weight calcined pearlite.
이와 같이 생성된 조성물에 물-시멘트비(W/C) 0.40으로 교반하여 슬러리를 만든 다음 큐빅몰드 시편을 만들어 자연 양생시켰다.The resulting composition was stirred at a water-cement ratio (W / C) of 0.40 to make a slurry, and then a cubic mold specimen was made for natural curing.
다음에 테스트를 위해 상술한 바와 같이 제조된 경량콘크리트 시편을 28일간 양생하고 건조된 시료를 테스트한 바, 겉보기 비중은 약 1.08이고, 압축강도는 약 103㎏/㎠이었다.Next, the light concrete specimens prepared as described above were cured for 28 days and the dried samples were tested. The apparent specific gravity was about 1.08, and the compressive strength was about 103 kg / cm 2.
<비교예 4><Comparative Example 4>
비교예 4는 경량콘크리트에 있어서 발전소의 폐기물인 바텀애쉬를 사용하기 위한 경량콘크리트와 그 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.Comparative Example 4 relates to a lightweight concrete for using bottom ash, which is a waste of a power plant, and a method of manufacturing the same in lightweight concrete.
비교예 4에 있어서는 포트랜드 시멘트를 80중량%, 바텀애쉬 10중량%와 소성 진주암 10중량%로 배합하여 조성하였다.In Comparative Example 4, Portland cement was formulated by mixing 80% by weight, 10% by weight of bottom ash, and 10% by weight of calcined pearl rock.
이와 같이 생성된 조성물에 물-시멘트비(W/C) 0.43으로 교반하여 슬러리를 만든 다음 큐빅몰드 시편을 만들어 자연 양생시켰다.The resulting composition was stirred at a water-cement ratio (W / C) of 0.43 to form a slurry, and then cubic mold specimens were spontaneously cured.
다음에 테스트를 위해 상술한 바와 같이 제조된 경량콘크리트 시편을 28일간 양생하고 건조된 시료를 테스트한 바, 겉보기 비중은 약 1.05이고, 압축강도는 43㎏/㎠이었다.Next, the light concrete specimens prepared as described above were cured for 28 days and the dried samples were tested. The apparent specific gravity was about 1.05, and the compressive strength was 43 kg / cm 2.
<비교예 5>Comparative Example 5
비교예 5는 실시예 2에 있어서 경량화율을 더욱 낮추고, 비교예 4의 압축강도를 극복하고자 포트랜드 시멘트의 중량%와 진주암의 중량% 및 물-시멘트비(W/C)를 변화시켜 제조한 경량콘크리트 및 그 제조 방법에 관한 것이다.Comparative Example 5 is a lightweight concrete prepared by changing the weight ratio of Portland cement, the weight percent of pearl rock and the water-cement ratio (W / C) to further lower the weight reduction rate in Example 2, to overcome the compressive strength of Comparative Example 4 And a method for producing the same.
비교예 5에 있어서, 경량콘크리트는 포트랜드 시멘트 85중량%와 진주암 15중량%로 배합하여 조성하였다.In Comparative Example 5, the lightweight concrete was formulated by mixing 85% by weight of Portland cement and 15% by weight of pearl rock.
이와 같이 생성된 조성물에 물-시멘트비(W/C) 0.44로 교반하여 슬러리를 만든 다음 큐빅몰드 시편을 만들어 자연 양생시켰다.The resulting composition was stirred at a water-cement ratio (W / C) of 0.44 to form a slurry, and then cubic mold specimens were spontaneously cured.
다음에 테스트를 위해 상술한 바와 같이 제조된 경량콘크리트 시편을 28일간 양생하고 건조된 시료를 테스트한 바, 겉보기 비중은 약 1.08이고, 압축강도는 70㎏/㎠이었다.Next, the light concrete specimens prepared as described above were cured for 28 days and the dried samples were tested. The apparent specific gravity was about 1.08, and the compressive strength was 70 kg / cm 2.
따라서, 경량골재인 소성 진주암을 사용한 실시예 2에 의하면, 기포제를 사용하지 않고 경량 골재인 소성 진주암 분말만으로 겉보기 비중을 1.1이하이고 압축강도가 100㎏/㎠이상인 경량콘크리트를 얻을 수 있게 되었다.Therefore, according to Example 2 using calcined pearlite which is a lightweight aggregate, it is possible to obtain light concrete having a specific gravity of 1.1 or less and a compressive strength of 100 kg / cm 2 or more with only calcined pearlite powder which is a lightweight aggregate without using a foaming agent.
이와 같은 실시예 2의 경량콘크리트에 의하면 실시예 1에서 설명한 바와 같이 고층아파트의 온돌부분의 경량콘크리트로 사용할 수 있는 것이다.According to the lightweight concrete of Example 2, as described in Example 1, it can be used as lightweight concrete in the ondol portion of the high-rise apartment.
또한, 실시예 2에 있어서 소성 진주암의 평균입경은 0.5∼2mm인 것을 사용하는 것이 바람직하다.In addition, in Example 2, it is preferable to use the thing whose average particle diameter of calcined pearlite is 0.5-2 mm.
표 3은 실시예 2와 비교예 4 내지 5를 종합 비교하여 대비한 것을 나타낸 표이다.Table 3 is a table showing the comparison between Example 2 and Comparative Examples 4 to 5 in comparison.
표 3. 경량골재를 사용한 경량콘크리트의 실시예 및 비교예Table 3. Examples and Comparative Examples of Lightweight Concrete Using Lightweight Aggregate
※OPC : 포트랜드시멘트, BA : 바텀애쉬, PL : 소성 진주암, W/C : 물-시멘트비, SpG : 겉보기 비중.※ OPC: Portland Cement, BA: Bottom Ash, PL: Calcined Pearl Rock, W / C: Water-Cement Ratio, SpG: Apparent Specific Gravity.
이상 본 발명자에 의해서 이루어진 발명을 상기 실시예에 따라 구체적으로 설명하였지만, 본 발명은 상기 실시예에 한정되는 것은 아니고 그 요지를 이탈하지 않는 범위에서 여러 가지로 변경 가능한 것은 물론이다.As mentioned above, although the invention made by this inventor was demonstrated concretely according to the said Example, this invention is not limited to the said Example and can be variously changed in the range which does not deviate from the summary.
상술한 바와 같이, 본 발명의 경량콘크리트 및 그 제조 방법에 의하면, 현재 현장 타설용 경량콘크리트의 시공을 매우 간편하게 처리할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 제품의 초경량화를 이루면서 고강도를 이룰 수 있다.As described above, according to the light concrete of the present invention and the manufacturing method thereof, the construction of the light concrete for the current site in place can be very easily handled, and can achieve high strength while achieving ultra-light weight products.
또한, 본 발명의 경량콘크리트 및 그 제조 방법에 의하면, 고층 아파트 등의 하중이 문제가 되는 바닥재의 시공을 신속하고 간편하게 할 수 있다는 효과가 얻어진다.Moreover, according to the lightweight concrete and the manufacturing method of the present invention, the effect that the construction of the flooring material which the load of a high-rise apartment etc. becomes a problem can be made quickly and simply is acquired.
또, 본 발명의 경량콘크리트 및 그 제조 방법에 의하면, 경량콘크리트를 고층 아파트 등의 온돌에 사용하는 경우 방음, 방수, 단열, 방화, 균열방지, 시공의 편의성 및 원가절감 등의 효과도 얻을 수 있다.In addition, according to the light concrete of the present invention and the manufacturing method thereof, when the light concrete is used for the ondol of high-rise apartments, etc., it is possible to obtain effects such as sound insulation, waterproofing, heat insulation, fire prevention, crack prevention, convenience of construction and cost reduction. .
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| WO2006070960A1 (en) * | 2004-12-31 | 2006-07-06 | Kyung Dong Ceratech Co., Ltd. | Covering composite for fire resistance and sound absorption |
| KR100679074B1 (en) * | 2005-08-29 | 2007-02-05 | 주식회사 창신산업개발 | Molding materials and its molding products making use of slag from refining furnace and its process of manufacture |
| KR101311164B1 (en) * | 2013-04-30 | 2013-09-23 | 주식회사 호반 | Lightweight concrete composition having water proof |
| KR101948627B1 (en) | 2017-09-07 | 2019-04-12 | 원광대학교산학협력단 | High strength lightweight concrete composition including artificial lightweight aggregates |
| KR20210090807A (en) | 2020-01-13 | 2021-07-21 | 오유상 | A manufacturing method of hollow type light weight insulation block for wall of housing and the hollow type light weight insulation block for wall of housing manufactured by the same |
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| KR100568932B1 (en) | 2006-04-07 |
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