SU1583229A1 - Rotary gear shaper - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a machine tool industry and can be used in the design of rotary gear shaping machines equipped with a CNC device. The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy by taking into account the positioning error of the drives. Synchronization channels are formed in the machine: rotor - circular tables formed by a pulsed measuring transducer, a counter with a gear ratio block, an AND block, a phase discriminator block, the number of which is equal to the number of tables, a counter block connected to pulsed transducers installed on the circular tables. The input of the block of meters is connected to the blocks of odd relations through elements I. The outputs of the block of phase discriminators are through the block of summing amplifiers and through the block of switches are connected to the electric motor of the table drive. Synchronization channels spindles - circular tables consist of pulse-measuring transducers connected to a block of counters through a block of elements And connected to the inputs of the phase discriminators block of the synchronization channels rotor - circular tables, thus performing mutual correction of positioning. The spindle drive correction channels consist of a counter pulse generator and a gear ratio block. The output of the counter is connected to the second inputs of the block of phase discriminators, the block of counters, the block of pulse-analog converters and the block of summing amplifiers connected to the CNC device. The outputs of the block of summing amplifiers are connected to the electric motor of the respective spindles via the track control unit. 4 il.

Description

The invention relates to machine tools and can be used. when designing rotary gear-cutting machines equipped with a CNC device.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the accuracy by taking into account the positioning error of the drives.

Figure 1 shows a diagram of the drives of the rotary gear shaping machine; in fig. - view A in FIG. Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the coordinates specifying the device for synchronizing the drives; figure 4 - bl ok scheme of the slave coordinates.

The machine contains an electric motor 1, controlled from the CNC device 2 through a control block 3, kinematically connected via a worm gear 4 to a rotor 5 mounted on a column b and based on a bed 7.

On the rotor 5, circular tables 8 are arranged uniformly around the circumference with the possibility of movement along circular guides. Each circular table is driven from a separate electric motor 9 via gear 10.

A separating table 11 is mounted on each circular table 8, receiving a circular flow from a kinematically connected electric motor 12.1.

On the rotor 5, there are tool holders 13 in an amount equal to the number of separating tables. In each caliper 13, a spindle 14 is mounted, carrying the standard half-c.

The drive of the reciprocating movement of the spindle is carried out from the electric motor 15, which is kinematically connected with the spindle 16-spindle mechanism. The rotational drive of the spindle 14 is driven by an electric motor 17.

The rotor 5 and the spindles 14 are the master coordinates of the device for synchronizing the rotary and pivoting tables with the rotor and the spindles. This device is made in the PS scheme specifying - knowing the coordinate in the form of synchronization channels.

The number of synchronization channels of the rotor-circular tables is equal to the number of circular tables (three channels are shown in FIG. 3 and 4). channels ps-derkhat common pulse transducer 183 is kinematically connected by means of gear 19 to the rotor 5 and connected to a counter 20 equipped with a gear ratio block 21. The output of the counter 20 through the block of elements And 22 is connected to the first inputs of the block of phase discriminators 23, the number of which is equal to the number of circular tables 8. The second inputs of the block of phase, discriminators 23 are connected to the outputs of the block 24 of the counter connected by their inputs with pulse measuring converters -

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mi 25, mounted on circular tables 8.

The block of meters 24 is connected to two common blocks 26 and 27 of gear ratios connected in parallel with the meters through two elements 28 and 29. The outputs of the block 23 of phase discriminators are connected to the second inputs of the block 31 summing amplifiers via block 30 of pulse-analog converters.

The first inputs of the summing amplifier unit 31 are connected via the key block 32 to the embedding feed unit 33 and through the key block 34 to the positioning block 35,

The outputs of the summing amplifier unit 31 through the key unit 36 and the power amplifier unit 37 are connected to the drive electric motors 9 of the corresponding circular table 8.

Synchronization channels spindles - circular tables contain pulsed measuring transducers 38, one installed on each spindle 14 and connected to the unit

39 counters connected to the unit

40 transfer relations. The outputs of block 39 of the counters through the block of elements And 41 are connected to the first inputs of the block of 23 phase discriminators of the synchronization channels of the rotor - circular tables.

The synchronization channels of the spindle separating tables comprise pulsed measuring transducers 42 installed on the separating tables 11 and connected to a block 43 of counters connected to a common block 44 of gear ratios.

The outputs of the block 43 meters connected to the first inputs of the block 45 phase discriminators. The second inputs of the block 45 phase discriminators are connected to the outputs of the block 39 counters, and the outputs of the block phase discriminators through the block 46 pulse-analog converters with the second inputs of the block 47 summing amplifiers. The first inputs of block 47 summing amplifiers are connected to block 48 of circular feedings, and the outputs through block 49 of keys and block 50 of power amplifiers with electric motors 12 of the respective division tables 11.

Correction channels for spinda drives, lei 14 contain 51 reference generator

pulses connected to the counter 52, connected to the block 53 gear ratios. |

The output of the counter 52 is connected to the inputs of the block 54 phase discriminators, the number of which is equal to the number of spindles. The inputs of the block 54 phase discriminators are connected to the block 39 of the counters, and the outputs through the block 55 JQ

pulse-analog converters with the first inputs of the block 56 summing amplifiers connected by their second inputs to the CNC device 2.

The outputs of the block 56 summing force-15 torus 5 in motion V., at an angle, teli connected to block 57 track where K is the number of dividing tables,

circular frequencies of the rotor and circular tables. Similarly, the transmission ratios 27, 26 and 40, 44 (rammating and profiling efficiencies) establish the ratio of the circular frequencies in the form of coefficients of respectively functionally connected pairs of spindle-circular table and spindle-separation table.

The processing cycles of gears on each of the dividers; tables are the same, but are shifted in time n value equal to the turning time

circular frequencies of the rotor and circular tables. Similarly, gear ratios 27, 26 and 40, 44 (ramming and profiling steps) establish the ratio of circular frequencies in the form of coefficients, respectively, of functionally connected pairs of spindle-circular table and spindle-separation table.

The processing cycles of gears on each of the dividers; the tables are the same, but are shifted in time by an amount equal to the time of ro rotation

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thirty

control of the motor 17 of the corresponding spindles 14.

The inputs of the circular feed units 48, the plunge feed 33 and the positioning 35 are connected to the generator 51 reference pulses.

The high-torque DC machines are used as electric motors 9, 12, 17, allowing the circular frequency to be infinitely variable when tuned to the machine mode.

According to the cycle of operation of the machine, the rotor 5 rotates continuously. The control of the circular frequency of the electric motor, 1 rotor drive is carried out from the CNC device 2.

The motors 17 of the spindle drives 14, which are the reference coordinates, are controlled from the CNC 2 devices. However, to ensure the symmetry of operation of the functionally connected spindle-circular table pairs and the spindle table, the circular spindle feeds are synchronized with each other by correcting the motor control signals . 17

The circular frequency of rotation of the electric. the motors 9 and 12 of the driven coordinates of the circular tables 8 and the division tables 11, respectively, are set respectively by a block of 33 infeed feed units and a positioning block 35 for circular tables and a block of 48 circular feeds for dividers of tables.

Gear ratios of functional links rotor-circular tables (positioning stage) are established by means of blocks 21 and 26 of gear ratios in the form of coefficients determining the equality

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equal in the example of three.

Figure 2 shows the position when the longitudinal table 8 carrying the 20 dividing table 11 is in

starting position relative to the tool holder 13 at the loading / unloading position, which can be carried out, for example, industrial 5

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nym robot.

In the next position in the direction of rotation of the rotor of the actuators 8, 11, 13 at this moment, the gear wheel is profiled. And in the position of the third executive bodies 8, 11, 13, the profiling is completed and the detachment of the support from the engagement zone is carried out, and the stage of positioning the tables 8, 11 in the loading / unloading zone begins.

Synchronization channels of the executive bodies of the same type also work in the same way, but with a shift in time in accordance with the work program of the machine. Therefore, we consider the cycle of interaction of executive bodies in one position.

The machine works as follows.

When the electric motor 1 is turned on, it receives a rotational movement of B into the rotor 5 with a constant circular frequency, and the wheel cycle is performed during one turn of the rotor.

Simultaneously with the message of movement to the rotor 5, according to the program, the electric motor 15 of the drive of the reciprocating-return movement of the Pg spindle 14 located in the tool slide 13 is turned on. Then the generator 51 of the reference pulses is turned on. This generator starts the 48 round feed block, block 33

infeed feed and positioning unit 35.

The program from the CNC 2 through the block 56 summing amplifiers and the block 57 of the driving control turns on the electric motor 17, which informs the circular feed B3 to the spindle 14. At the same time, the control input of the key block 36 is supplied with the control signal Kc, including the corresponding synchronization channel spindle-longitudinal table, and to the control input of the block And 28, And 41 and the key block 32 a control signal B. As a result, from the feed inlet block 33 through the key input block 32 open to the control input to the first input of the summing power block 31 An analog signal is supplied to the bank, corresponding to the feed of the plunging P of the circular table 8.

 circular table

Thus, by coordinated movements of the C 3 spindle 14 and P of the longitudinal table 8, the tangent cutting of the blade to the height of the tooth of the machined wheel is carried out. At the same time, the movement of the P4-circular table 8 is corrected. With the onset of movements B and II4, the pulse transducers 25 and 38 installed on the longitudinal table and the spindle produce high-frequency signals corresponding to their actual ones. speed. These signals are transmitted respectively to the blocks of counters 24 and 39 from the outputs of the blocks of counters, the signals corresponding to the gear ratio of the coordinated movements B3 and HZ set by the blocks of gear ratios 26 and 40 are taken. The signal from the block of 24 counters arrives at the second input of the block of 23 phase discriminators, and the signal from the block 39

counters through the open control of D5 counters, where they are divided into the input of a block of elements And 41 at the first input of the same block of discriminators.

In block 23 phase discriminators compares the signal specifying the coordinates with the signal of the slave coordinates. As a result, at the output of the phase discriminators block, a correction signal is formed, which, after being converted to analog form in block 30 of pulse-analog converters, is fed to the second inputs of the block, 31 summing amplifiers, where 50 are

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by setting the gear ratio on the blocks 40 and 44 of the transfer of the exact ratio, to the inputs of the block 4 phase discriminators. From the output of the phase discriminators block, the misalignment signal of the circular frequencies of the B3 and B% motions is removed and after conversion to analog form in the block 46 of the pulse-analog transducers is fed to the second inputs of the summing amplifiers 47 for correcting the control signal of the separating motor 12 11.

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the correction of the driving signal of the driven motor 9 of the slave coordinate (circular table 8) proceeds.

The embedding stage stops when the axis 58 of the dividing table 11 coincides with the plane passing through the axes 59 and 60, respectively, of the tool slide 13 and the rotor 5.

According to the program, the control signal Kc is removed from the control input of the key block 36, and the control signal of the key from the control inputs of the And 28 elements And 28, and the key block 32 of the control signal from the p. The longitudinal table 8 is stopped and locked. At the same time, the control input of the key block 49 is supplied with a control signal Pr, through which the gear wheel profiling step begins.

At the stage of profiling the analog signal from the 48 circular feed unit comes through the first input of the block 47 of summing amplifiers opened by the control input of the keys 49 and the block 50 of power amplifiers to the electric motor 12 of the separating table 11. As a result, the dividing table 11

movement of the B 5 with a circular feed defined on block 48 is allowed.

The coordinated movements E3 of the spindle 14 and B5 of the dividing table 11, which remain stationary relative to the rotor 5, during the full rotation of the dividing table, ensure the shaping of the gear.

Simultaneously with the profiling, the movement of the B5 dividing table is corrected. With pulsed measuring transducers 38 and 42, generating high-frequency signals proportional to the circular frequency of the actual values of B and B5, are received through the block 39 and 43

counters where their case occurs

by setting the gear ratio on the gear ratio blocks 40 and 44, to the inputs of the block 45 phase discriminators. From the output of the phase discriminators block, the misalignment signal of the circular frequencies of movements B3 and B% is removed and after conversion to analog form in block 46 pulse-analog converters are fed to the second inputs of summing amplifiers 47 for correcting the control signal of the electric motor 12 of the separating table 11.

The profiling step is stopped after the rotor 5 transfers the actuators to the position indicated in Fig. 2. In this position, the control signal P. is removed from the key block 49. The electric motor 12 for the dividing table is turned off, the dividing table 11 is stopped and locked. The electric motor 15 for the drive of the reciprocating movement of the spindle 14 is turned off and the latter is brought to the extreme upper position.

Then, according to the program, a key signal Kc is sent to the key block 36, and a key control signal B "to the key block 32. As a result, the electric motor 9 is again switched on and the longitudinal table 8 at the feed rate of the incision leaves the profile zone along the guides of the rotor 5 along its rotation.

As a result of the portable and relative movement, the dividing table, once cutting the rotor, comes to the initial position of loading and unloading. In this position, according to the program, the motor 9 for the drive of the longitudinal table 8 is reversed, the control signal BP is removed from the key block 32, and the control signal P3 is fed to the block of elements K 22, AND 29 and key block 34.

From the positioning supply unit 35, through the control input, the key block 34 opens to the first inputs of the summing amplifiers block 31 analog signals, which correspond to the supply of P4 positioning, which is equal to the opposite direction of the rotor 5 Poetmo, with a continuous rotor movement, the longitudinal table 8 remains stationary with respect to the loading-unloading zone for a time determined by the processing cycle, its movement along the guides of the rotor to its initial position position to repeat the treatment cycle.

During the entire positioning period, the position of the longitudinal table 8 is stabilized relative to the loading / unloading zone. This is ensured by comparing high-frequency signals from the counter 20 and the block of 24 meters to the inputs of the block 23 phase discriminators

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ditch, which are analogs of the actual speeds of the rotor and the longitudinal table. One signal is formed by a pulse transducer 10 and a transmission ratio unit 21, and the other is formed by a pulse measurement transducer 25 and a transmission ratio unit 27. From the output of the phase discriminators block 23, the negotiation signal through the block 30 of pulse-analog converters arrives at the second input of the summing amplifiers block 31, where the control signal of the motor 9 of the longitudinal table 8 is corrected.

At the positioning stage, the processed wheel is replaced with a new one. After which the cycle is repeated.

During the operation of the machine, the processing is carried out simultaneously on all separator tables. Correction of cycles between themselves is carried out by synchronizing the circular feeds of the spindles relative to the reference high-frequency signal produced by the generator 51 of the reference signal. i The signal from this generator is continuously fed to the counter 52, from the output of this counter, the signal corresponding to the specified value of the circular supply of spindles 14, set by the gear ratio block 53, goes to the second inputs of the block 54 phase discriminators to the first inputs of which from the block 39 counters similar signals corresponding to the actual values of the circular spindle feeds. At the outputs of phase discriminators, error signals are formed which, after conversion in the unit 55 of the pulse-analog converters, are connected to the second inputs of the block 56 of summing amplifiers for correcting the driving signals of the spindle motor control.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula A rotary gear shaping machine containing a rotor drive carrying evenly arranged circular tables, on which dividing tables are mounted on rotation, drives of spindles mounted in tool calipers, the number of which is equal to the number of separating tables, and a device for synchronizing circular and separating tables with a rotor and spindles, characterized in that, in order to improve positioning accuracy, the machine is equipped with a CNC device, two power amplifier blocks, two track control blocks , six blocks of gear ratios, three blocks of phase discriminators, three blocks of pulse-analog converters, three blocks of summing amplifiers, three blocks of counters, two counters , two blocks of elements And, four blocks of keys, two elements And, a generator of reference pulses, a block of circular feeds, a block of feed supply, a block of positioning, ten pulsed measuring transducers, the first measuring transducer connected by a gear with a rotor, the second, The third and fourth measuring transducer pulses are installed on circular tables, p -, th, sixth and seventh measuring pulse transducers are installed on the respective spindles x to Roughing table, the eighth, ninth and tenth measuring pulse. The transducers are installed at unit divider tables, the first output of the CNC through the control unit is connected to the rotor drive motor, the second, third and fourth outputs of the CNC device are connected to the first inputs of the first block of summing amplifiers, the second inputs of which are through the first pulse-analog unit. converters are connected to the outputs of the first block of phase discriminators, the first inputs of which are connected to the outputs of the first block of meters, the first inputs of the block of elements And and the first inputs of the second block of phase discriminators, the outputs of which through the second block of pulse-analog converters are connected to the first inputs of the second block of summing amplifiers and its second inputs are combined and connected to the output of the circular feed unit, the outputs of the second block of summing amplifiers through the first key block s to the first block amplifiers 5 55 0 five 0 power, the outputs of which are connected to the electric motors of the dividing tables, the second inputs of the first key block are control, the first pulse measuring converter is connected via the first counter and the second block of And elements connected in series and the first input of the third block of phase discriminators and the outputs of the first block of And blocks, the second input of the first counter is connected to the first block of gear ratios, the second block of gear ratios is connected to the first inputs of the first block of counters, the second the strokes of which are connected to the outputs of the fifth, sixth and seventh pulsed measuring transducers, the reference pulse generator is connected to the inputs of the circular feed unit, the infeed feed unit, the positioning unit and the second counter, the second input of which is connected to the third gear ratio unit, the second counter output is connected to the second the inputs of the first block of phase discriminators, the second inputs of the first block of elements And are the control inputs, the second inputs of the second block of elements And are the control inputs, the fourth block of gear ratios is connected to the first inputs of the second block of meters, the second inputs of which are connected to the eighth, ninth and tenth pulse measuring converters, the outputs of the second, block of meters are connected to the second inputs of the second block of phase discriminators, the fifth block transmission ratios through the first element And is connected to the output of the second element And and the first inputs of the third block of meters, the second inputs of which are connected respectively to the second, third and fourth pulse transducers, the sixth gear ratio unit is connected to the first input of the second element And, the second input of which is control, the second input of the first element And is controlling, the outputs of the third block of counters are connected to the second inputs of the third block of phase discriminators, the outputs of which the third block of pulse-analog converters are connected to the first inputs of the third summation block, the outputs which, via serially connected second key block and second power amplifier block, are connected to table drive electric motors, the second inputs of the second key block are control, the output of the feed unit of the cut-in is connected via the third key block with the second inputs of the third summation block and the outputs of the fourth key block, the positioning block is connected to the input of the fourth key block, the second inputs of the third and fourth key block are controllable. 1 one f J v 1 i f f f In a rS fS 1S .ill,  CHs / I / v / i 1 Vw   ff No 85 (No. S gff / if, and eleven 8b X 9tf Qf3H / / / f g a yy rvry  TJ T w 2 Mf Vqng bggs Jf