SU1583208A1 - Complex foam generator for making moulds and cores - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to foundry and can be used for the manufacture of casting molds and cores from self-hardening liquid mixtures cured with ester-type reagents, as applied to the conditions of individual, small-scale and mass production of castings from ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys. The purpose of the invention is to improve the embossability and increase the surface strength of the rods and molds by using complex self-hardening mixtures of self-hardening mixtures consisting of an anionic surfactant and a foam stabilizer, a material based on alkali salts of C 16 - C 18 fatty acids. and alkaline salts of diterpenic acids. Complex foaming agent contains, wt%: foaming agent based on anionic surfactants (in terms of the main substance) 30 ... 90

material based on alkaline salts of C 16 - C 18 fatty acids and alkaline salts of diterpenic acids of wood raw materials processing, taken in a mass ratio (1-4): 1, 10 ... 70. At the same time, technical products based on alkyl sulfates or olefin sulfonates, or alkali salts of alkylaromatic sulfonic acids, or alkaline salts of naphthalene sulfonic acids are used as surface-active substances, and saponified tall oil pitch or saponified tall oil is used as a foam stabilizer. The introduction of a complex foaming agent contributes to the improvement of the surface strength and to the improvement of the embossability of the molds and cores. 2 hp f-ly, 3 tab.

Description

one

(21) 4412299 / 23-02

(22) 03.16.88

(46-) 07.08.90. Bul Number 29

(71) All-Union Research Institute of Foundry Engineering, Foundry Technology and Automation of Foundry Products.

(72) S.S. Zhukovsky, V.A.Safronov,

S.D.Teplkov, V.D. Dolmatov, S.I. Prozorik, V.V. Motorzhin, T.N. Vlasikova and A.M. Volodin

(53) 621.742.4 (088.8)

(56) German Patent P 3140808, cl. In 22 C 1 / S, 1983.

USSR Author's Certificate No. 1386351, cl. B 22 C 1/10, B 22 C 1/10, 1986.

(54) INTEGRATED FOAM FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CASTING FORMS AND RODS

(57) The invention relates to foundry and can be used for the manufacture of casting molds and cores from liquid self-hardening mixtures, cured with ester-type reagents, for individual, small-scale and mass production of castings from ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys. The purpose of the invention is to improve the knock-out and increase the surface strength of the rods and

forms due to the use in the compositions of liquid self-curing mixtures of a complex frother consisting of a frother based on anionic surfactants and a foam stabilizer - a material based on alkaline salts of fatty acids C ,, - Cjg and alkaline salts of dipteric acids. Complex foaming agent contains, wt%: a foaming agent based on anionic surfactants (in terms of the main substance) 30-90; material based on alkali salts of fatty acids. and alkaline salts of diphenic acids for processing wood raw materials, taken in a weight ratio of (1-4): 1.10-70. At the same time, technical products based on alkyl sulfates or olefin sulfonates or alkaline salts of alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids or alkaline salts of naphthalene sulfonic acid are used as surface-active substances, and saponified tall oil shed or saponified tall oil are used as foam stabilizer. The introduction of a complex foaming agent contributes to the improvement of the surface strength and to the improvement of the embossability of the molds and cores. 2 hp f-ly, 3 tab.

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The invention relates to foundry and can be used for the manufacture of casting molds and cores from liquid liquid-glass self-hardening mixtures hardened by ester-type reagents, as applied to the conditions of individual, small-scale and mass production of castings from ferrous and non-ferrous metals and alloys.

The purpose of the invention is to improve the knock-on and increase the surface strength of the rods and shapes.

The complex foaming agent contains a foaming agent based on anionic surfactants and a foam stabilizer. As a foam stabilizer, a material is used based on alkaline salts of fatty acids and alkaline salts of diterpenic acids for the processing of wood raw materials, taken in a weight ratio of (1–4): 1.

The following materials are used as a foaming agent based on anion-active surfactants: paste of refined alkylaryl sulfonate (RAS), sulfonol NP-1, NB wetting agent, TEAS foaming agent, olefin sulfonates, etc.

RAS — sodium salts of alkyl aromatic petroleum sulfonic acids. In appearance PAC is a homogeneous transparent liquid, the content of the basic substance is not less than 45%, the solubility in water is full.

Sulfanol NP-1, a sodium alkyl benzene sulfonate based on propylene tetramers, is a good water-soluble powder with a basic substance content of at least 50%.

TEAS foaming agent - triethanolamine salts of TEAC alkyl sulfates, are brown liquid, pH 7-8, the content of the basic substance is 22-27%, the degree of biodegradation of the product is 92-96%.

Olefin sulfonates (STP) is a mixture of sodium alkyl sulfonates, a yellow liquid with a content of the main substance within 50%, dissolves well in water.

NB wetting agent, sodium mono-, d, and tributylnaphthalene sulfonates, is a paste well soluble in water, with a basic substance content of at least 55%.

As a foam stabilizer, technical products are used in the form of saponified tall oil pitch or saponified tall oil.

The saponified tall oil pitch is supplied as a solid glassy product, well soluble in water, with a basic substance content of at least 55%.

It is also possible to use saponified tall oil pitch under the trade name. Foundry binding VET in the form of a 40–45% aqueous solution with a pH of 10–10.5, VZ-4 viscosity not more than 200 s, the content of sodium salts of fatty acids C c -C and sodium salts of diterpenic acids in

calculated on the dry matter 50-55%. At the same time, the ratio in PTO between alkaline salts of C t-C1g fatty acids and diterpenic acids is (1-4): 1.

5 Alkaline salts of fatty acids С c-С.

represented mainly by salts of palmitic, margarine, stearic, oleic, linoleic and linolenic acids. Diterpenic acids products in the processing of wood raw materials consist mainly of abietic, dehydroabietic, non-abietic and pymarinic acids.

Tall oil is produced by pulp and paper mills during the sulphate cooking of wood. Saponification of tall oil is carried out with alkali, which, if necessary, is adjusted to the required concentration with water.

0 As a binder in the compositions

LCS uses liquid glass, preferably sodium glass, with a modulus of 2.4-3.1 and a density of 1.4-1.52 g / cm. Quartz sand, zircon, distensillimanite, and also regenerated sands with a grain composition in accordance with GOST for groups 0315, 02, 016 with a clay content of no more than 1% and grit impurities not more than 3% are used as refractory fillings of bodies.

I

Hardeners for liquid glass ZhSS

, Are ester type reagents, for example ethylene glycol or glycerol acetates, as well as those based on propylene carbonate. A representative of ethylene glycol acetates, for example, is a technical product. under the trade name Flolodour (Poland). Glycerol acetates are used in LHC formulations manufactured under the trademark Cigacodur-L (GDR).

Ester-type hardeners are used, which are technical products based on propylene carbonate, for example, the residue is a bis, propylene carbonate.

Example 1. For preparing a complex foaming agent (CP), the constituent parts (frother, foam stabilizer) are mixed in appropriate proportions in runners if they are delivered in a solid or pasty state or in paddle type mixers when the components are delivered in a liquid state. In this case, the KP components are mixed until they are evenly distributed by volume.

Next, the prepared CP is introduced into the liquid composition of the LSS, consisting of liquid glass, water, and the components of the composition are mixed until they are evenly distributed by volume.

Example 2. Under the conditions of foundry workshops, it is sometimes advisable to combine the preparation of a CP with a liquid composition, i.e. Separate the components of the surfactant to be introduced into the liquid composition of the LSS from liquid glass and water and mix them up to a uniform distribution by volume. This method is most rational in the case of the delivery of components of a CP in the liquid state (RAS, connecting VET).

The order of preparation of the HSS mixture with KP: the refractory filler and hardener are metered into the mixer, stirred for 1 min, then the previously prepared liquid composition is introduced and mixed for the manufacture of rods and molds.

The fluidity of the mixture is determined according to GOST by the diameter of the spread of a certain volume of the mixture.

The vitality of the mixture is determined visually by the duration of the retention of foam bubbles in it.

Compressive strength of specimens is determined according to GOST. The surface strength of the rods and molds is evaluated by the siftingability of the mixture in accordance with GOST.

The residual compressive strength is determined on samples calcined at an oven test temperature for 1 hour and cooled with the oven to room temperature.

The failure of castings by burns to isasoras is determined visually and after statistical processing, the proportion of castings with the indicated defects is estimated.

0

Table 1 shows the compositions of KP according to the invention.

Tables 2 and 3 present the composition, properties and properties of the CSH.

According to the results of the tests given in Table 3, it follows that the introduction into the composition of the CSHC alkylating agents based on alkyl sulfates or olefin sulfonates, alkali salts of alkylaromatic sulfonic acids or alkaline salts of naphthalenesulfonic acids in combination with a foam stabilizer based on alkaline salts of fatty acids C. - 5 Cfg and diterpenic acids for processing wood raw material; 90):

: (y-70).

The use of the CP according to the invention makes it possible, in comparison with the known material, to significantly improve the knockability of cores and molds by 1.9-2.3 times - the residual compressive strength of mixtures after calcining 600-800 ° C decreases from 1.1-2.5 up to 0.3 - 1.0 MPa; to increase the surface strength of rods and molds — the crumbling of mixtures decreases from 0.6-0.7 to 0.25 0 0.4%; reduce the defectiveness of castings, prigara and blockages from a total defectiveness from 36-40 to 16-25%.

The proposed KP will be used in the compositions of liquid liquid-glass self-hardening mixtures cured by ester-type reagents in the manufacture of medium and large-sized castings from steel, cast iron, non-ferrous metals.

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Claims (3)

1. A complex foaming agent for the manufacture of casting molds and rods from ester-type liquid self-hardening mixtures, cured with reagents, containing a foaming agent based on anionic surfactants and a foam stabilizer that distinguishes knockout and increase the surface strength of rods and molds; it contains an alkali based alkali material as a foam stabilizer lei of fatty acids С, -СН of dry salts of diterpenic acids of the processing of wood raw materials, taken in May by the total ratio (1-4): 1, with a yielding ratio of ingredients, Ac.%: The foaming agent based on anionic surfactants (in terms of the main substance) 30.0-90.0 Material based on alkali salts of fatty acids   cf | and alkaline salts diterp-acid processing wood raw materials, taken in a mass ratio (1-4): 110.0-70.0 2. Blowing agent according to claim 1, which is indicated by the fact that technical products based on saponified tall pitch or are used as alkali salts of fatty acids C., - C., And alkaline salts of diterpeneic acids of raw materials processing. saponified tall oil. 3. The foaming agent according to claim 1, about t - characterized by the fact that, as anionic surfactants, it contains technical 5 products based on alkyl sulfates, or olefil sulfonates, or alkaline salts of alkylaromatic sulfonic acids, or alkaline salts of naphthalene li acid acid. V | Ingredients KP Name, Brand RAS Foundry binding PTO- 40-45% aqueous solution of saponified sulphurised tall pitch Sulfonol NP-1 Wetting agent NB Soaped tall tallow oil light (head wad) Soaped galls raw butter Soaped tal hardwood oil Rosin gallovy saponified Frother TEAS. Olefinsulfonaty thirty 50 90 50 50 50 50 2.3: 1 50 50 30 20 U with U) NJ O 00 1: 1 4: 1 50 50 50