SU1583196A1 - Rolling mill - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, in particular to mills for rolling, drawing and step rolling, and can be used for the production of rational part blanks. The purpose of the invention is to simplify the design by reducing the fleet of interchangeable copiers and improving the quality by continuously adjusting the amount of mismatch of the speed of the rolls within each stroke. The installation of the copiers 20 in the cage 21 with the possibility of adjustable rotation ensures the fulfillment of almost any law of variation in the value of the mismatch of the speed of the rolls. This makes it possible to significantly simplify the design of the mill and reduce the complexity of the technical preparation for production. The hinge connection of the copiers 20 with each other by means of tie 22 and the distance between the axes of the hinged connections with the copiers and the axes of rotation of the latter are equal to the distance between the axes of the rollers 19 of the movable rail 18 of the turn beam traverse 14 ensure that the mechanism works all over working range of turning copiers. The alignment of the axes of rotation of the copiers 20 vertically with the plane of the axes of the rollers 19 at the initial position of the crosspiece 14 allows setting the predetermined deviation of the speed of the rolls without disturbing the position of the movable rail 18 with the rollers 19 and the yoke 21 in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the axes of the working rolls. In this case, the relative position of the periods of opposing rolls in the process of setting a given value of the mismatch of their speed is also constant. This causes a reduction in labor costs for setting up the mill in the production of rational workpieces of parts with a variable cross-section along the strip in rolls with constant and variable radii. 12 il.

Description

The invention relates to ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, namely, mills for rolling, drawing and step rolling, and can be used to produce rational workpieces of parts.

The aim of the invention is to simplify the design by reducing the fleet of interchangeable copiers and improving the quality by continuously adjusting the value of the misalignment of the speed of the rolls within each stroke.

Figure 1 shows the rolling, mainly prokatio-forging or roller, mill, view along the axis of rolling; figure 2 - view And figure 1 (from the drive side of the mill); fig. 3 - the same, the position of the drive rails is shown in the process of strip deformation; figure 4 - section bb in fig.Z; on fig.Z - section bb In figure 4; figure 6 section GGD figure 2; figure 7 - section dD in figure 6; on FIG. H - section EE of FIG. 3; Fig. 9 is a section through an Ж-Ж in Fig. 3; in Fig. 10 is a view 3 in Fig. 2; figure 11 is a section And-And figure 1; on Fig - section KK in figure 10.

Rolling, mainly rolling-forging or roller, the mill contains frame 1, drive 2 of the mill, cylindrical frame 3 installed in frame 1, in the rectangular bore of which between guides 4 and 5,

provided with centering protrusions (not shown), mounted pillows 6 and 7 of the lower 8 and upper 9 rolls and the device 10 rotate the frame 3 (device radial adjustment of the rolls 8 and 9),

The drive 2 of the mill has a two-cavity hydraulic cylinder 11 rigidly fastened to the frame 1, the rod 12 of which is connected by means of a vertically positioned rod 13 to the crosshead 14. The latter is mounted on the rod 13 so that it can rotate in the plane perpendicular to the axis of the axes of the work rolls 8 and 9 and rigidly fastened, for example, by means of a spline connection with an axis 15. On one of the tails of an axis 15, triangular splines are made, which interact with an angular locking device 16 mounted on a rod 13, and on the other by means of a keyway gear 17 is mounted, which forms a gear with a movable rail 18 placed in guide rods 13 perpendicular to the axes of the axes of the work rolls 8 and 9. Rollers 19 are mounted on the shanks of the movable rail 18 and come into contact with the working surfaces of copiers 20 installed in the yoke 21 with the possibility of adjustable rotation on both sides of the plane of the axes of the work rolls 8 and 9. Copiers 20

the hinges are interconnected by means of the giggles 22, while the distances between the axes of the hinged connections of the gigs 22 with the copiers 20 and the distance between 23 of the rotation of the copiers 20 are equal to the distance between the axes of the rollers 19 of the movable rail 18 (Fig.5 and 6). In addition, the axes 23 of rotation of the copiers 20, mounted i in the bores of the casing 21, are parallel to the axis 15 of rotation of the crosspiece 14 and are located in the plane of the axes of the rollers 19 at the initial position of the crossbar 14. On the shank of one of the axes 23, rigidly connected to the copier 20 with for example, a keyed connection is placed gear 24, which forms a gear with a rail 25, provided with means for its axial movement in the form of a gear screw 26 - nut 27 and a rotational drive screw 26 (not shown), and the nut 27 of said gear is fastened to the yoke 21

The yoke 21 is mounted on the frame 1 with the ability to move in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the axes of the working rolls 8 and 9, and is provided with cylindrical guides 28 which mate with the bores of the brackets 29 of the frame 1, the fixing device 30 mounted on the frame 1 and cooperating with triangular slots , clips 21 and means of movement of the clips 21.

The movement means of the yoke 21 include a rack gear, the rail 31 of which is rigidly fastened to the yoke 21, and the gears 32 are mounted on the brackets of the axes 33 mounted in the bores of the frame 1 on the bearings 34, and are kinematically connected by means of the sleeves 35 of the turning and gears 36 and 37 are connected barbell 13 provided with gear elements interacting with gears 37 mounted on output shafts 38 of kinematically interconnected gears 39 of device 10 for turning 3 of the frame 3. Fixing gears 3. from turning on axes 33 is carried out, for example, keyed joint. The clutch 35 include contain placed on the axis 33 (output shafts 38) by means of bearings 40 and rings 41 gear 36 (37). The outer ends of the gears 36 (37) are equipped with connecting elements, such as cams, interacting with similar elements, you

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filled at the ends of the movable sleeves 42, mating with the axles (output shafts 38) 33 using, for example, splined joints. Moving the movable sleeves 42. in the axial direction is performed using the yoke 43 and control lever systems (not shown).

The device 10 rotates the frame 3 contains the clutch 35 enable, gear 39, the shaft 44 of the kinematic connection of the gear 39, mounted on the shaft 44 disk 45 and the gear 46, forming a constant gear with a sector 47 fastened to the base 3. On the cylindrical surface disk 45 is made triangular slots, interacting with the latch 48 of the angular position of the frame 3, placed on the frame 1.

The devices 16, 30 and 48 of the electromagnetic type fixation have an identical design to each other and contain a stopper 49, a housing 50, a spring 51 and an electromagnet 52.

On the cross beam 14, by means of hinged movable joints, a groove - a protrusion (finger) are mounted on rails 53. The longitudinal axes of the grooves are aligned with the longitudinal axis of the transverse 14, which intersects the axis 15 at a right angle. Reiki

53 interacting with gears

54 mounted on the shanks of the rolls 8 and 9 with the possibility of axial movement, for example, by connecting a groove to a protrusion, are arranged vertically in a staggered order on both sides of the plane of the axes of the rolls 8 and 9 in the supports 55 with bars 56, rigidly fastened to frame 1 ,

and displaced one relative to the other in the direction of the axes of the rolls 8 and 9 so that the distance between them L (figure 10) is greater than the full range of the axial rotation of the rolls 8 and 9. The distance M hch.,, 12) between the fixed ( the working positions of the gears 54 are less than the width of their gear rim. The ends of the gears 54 are provided with cylindrical sleeves that interact with the yoke 57, associated with systems of levers of control (on features not shown) gears 54.

The rolls 8 and 9 are mounted on radial and thrust bearings (not shown) in the pillows 6 and 7. The covers 58 of the bearing assemblies of the rolls 8 and 9 are provided with coaxial axes of the bores of the pillows 6 and 7 of the trunnions 59 (additional cylindrical surfaces) matching each other. with strips 60 open rectangular bore of frame 1. Bed 3 is housed in frame 1 on frame rollers 61 and 62. Lower bed rollers 61 are permanently fixed to frame 1, and upper roller 62 is attached to it by quick-release fasteners, such as hinged bolts (not shown). The height of the rectangular bore of the bed 3 is equal to the total height of the set of pillows 6 and 7 and the guides 4 and 5.

To control the operation of the mill on the frame 1, the rod 13, the holder 21, the frame 3, a system of movable and fixed stops with limit switches (not shown) is installed.

The multipurpose purpose of the mill is provided by various modes of operation of the drive 2 of the mill:

intermittent with a given value of the mismatch of the speed of the rolls 8 and 9, including without changing and changing the direction of their rotation at each subsequent stage, is most widely used for producing -p a rational part blanks with a constant and variable length along the strip section, commensurate with the length of the working stroke of the rails 53, as well as to crimp the front end of the strip in the implementation of the method of drawing;

cyclic is characterized by the presence in each cycle of stages of operation with water 2 mills with a given value of the mismatch of the speed of the rolls 8 and by changing the direction of their rotation, is most prevalent in the implementation of the step rolling method.

Distributed modes of operation, depending on the type of rolls 8 and 9 (with constant and variable radius), can be carried out with or without changing the center-to-center distance of the rolls 8 and 9 in the process of shaping the strip. At the same time, in each of these modes, there are operations for setting a given mismatch value for the speed of the rolls 8 and 9 both when setting up the mill and when shaping the strip, and containing

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management of the operation of the drive 2 of the mill for each of these modes unchanged.

When the drive 2 of the mill is operating in an intermittent mode, the drive 2 of the mill is installed on both sides. The sequence of operations for setting the specified value of the mismatch To the speed of the rolls 8 and 9 and adjusting the dimensions of the caliber in height when rolling rational workpieces of parts with a constant length of strip along the strip is as follows.

In the casing 21 in a known manner, copiers 20 are mounted, tons of ha 22 and means of turning the copiers. The rotation of the screw 26 (the yoke 14 is in the initial position, and the yoke 21 is fixed from axial movements by the device 30) the copiers 20 are rotated by an angle that provides the specified value of the speed K of the rolls 8 and 9, which is planned for the implementation of the technological process.

Next, adjust the size of the caliber in height (gears 54 disengaged from the rails 53). One of the movable sleeves 42 of the friction clutch 35 mounted on the output shaft 38 (the choice of the hub 42 depends on the initial center-to-center distance of the rolls 8 and 9 and the axial position of the piston in the two-cavity hydraulic cylinder 11) by means of a control lever system (not shown ) is introduced into the face cam connection with the corresponding Q gear 37. Simultaneously with the operation to close the kinematic chain of the device 10 for turning the bed 3, drive 2 of the mill, turning on the electromagnet 52, the stopper) 5 49 of the clamp 48 angularly In this position, the frame 3 is taken out of engagement with the triangular slots of the disk 45. The corresponding two-cavity hydraulic cylinder 11 is turned on and the axial movement of the rod 13, the opposite faces of which are equipped with gear rails that constantly interact with gears 37, rotates the base 3, resulting in - that is why the installation of a given caliber size in height is carried out. Radial adjustment operations, including during the strip shaping process, can be performed

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and with a closed kinematic chain, the shanks of the rolls 8 and 9 are the drive 2 of the mill.

After setting the calibrated-height height of the two-cavity hydraulic cylinder 11 is turned off, the sleeves 42 of the clutch 35 are activated by means of a control lever system from the end cam connection with the gear 37, the electromagnet 52 is turned off and the stopper 49 of the clamp 48 is triggered by the action of the spring 51. disk 45. As with the closure of the kinematic chain drive 2 of the mill - the device 10 rotates the bed 3, the operation for its opening and fixation tannins 3 are combined in time.

The sleeve 42 of the inclusion clutch 35 mounted on the cantilever axis 33 is inserted into the end cam connection with the corresponding gear 36. The two-cavity hydraulic cylinder 11 is engaged and at the same time the stop 49 of the fixation device 30 of the yoke 21 is disengaged from the triangular slots of the yoke 21, resulting in a yoke 21 with copiers 20 moves in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the axes of the work rolls 8 and 9. In this case, the rail 18 receives axial displacement, and the yoke 14c with the rails 53 placed on it, set to its original position rotates through an angle to ensure uncomplicated insertion of gears 54, the axial movement of which is carried out with the help of clips 57

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The pinion gear 54 is connected by connecting a groove to a protrusion with a roll shank 8 (9). At the same time, due to the interaction of the working surfaces installed with the set angles of the copiers 20 with the rollers 19, the rail 18 receives axial movement, which is converted into rotational movement of the crosspiece 14 by the pinion 17. As a result, the circumferential speed of one of the rolls 8 (9) V increases by the value of V, and the other by V2 is reduced by the same value of V. Hence, taking into account the fact that the magnitude of the velocity mismatch between vali V + V kov 8 and 9, is equal to

one point

but determined by the angle of rotation of the copiers 20, it is possible to eliminate the bending of the strip as it exits from the deformation zone. If the misalignment angle K of the rolls 8 and 9 given by the angle of rotation of the copiers 20, for example, due to the instability of the mechanical properties and geometrical dimensions of the cross section of the strip along its length does not provide the required strip straightness, it is corrected by changing the angle tilt copiers 20.

In the process of shaping the strip by rolls 8 and 9 of a stepless adjustment of the magnitude of the mismatch, the speed of rolls 9 and 8 is achieved by simultaneously performing operations on angular fixation of the traverse 14 by means of the device 16, the output of the stopper 49 mouth

and systems of control levers - in the clutch 30 of fixing the yoke 21 of

with the rails 53. Upon completion of the operation, the sleeves 42 are removed from the front cam engagement with the gears 36, the stopper 49 of the fixing device 30, the holder is fixed from movements, and the gears 54, depending on the direction of rolling, for example, left (Fig. 1) along the rolling axis of the drive 2 of the mill, disengaged from the rails 53. By moving the movable stops with limit switches mounted on them (not shown), the working stroke of the rod 13 (rail 53) is established. A two-cavity hydraulic cylinder 11 is switched on, for example, a right-axis rolling drive 2 of the mill (Fig. 1), and each of the chess-mounted rails 53 rotates a corresponding link with its triangular splines and rotation of the screw 26 at the working stroke. At that, the copiers 20 rollers 19 fixed

it device 16 from the axial movement of the rail 18, and the holder 21 (the stopper 49 of the clamp 30 is disengaged from the triangular slots of the holder 2 moves in the plane, the perpendicular

5 (the cage plane of the axes of workers 8 and 9 in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the copier 20. After setting a predetermined angle of rotation of the copiers 20, the stopper 49 of the device 30 is engaged with the corresponding triangular splines. K speed error correction rolls and 9 can be produced as with n

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meshing with its triangular splines and turning the copiers 20 of the rotation of the screw 26. At the same time, the copiers 20 roll in the rollers 19, fixed

t device 16 from the axial movement of the rail 18, and the yoke 21 (the stopper 49 of the clamp 30 is disengaged from the triangular slots of the yoke 21) moves in a plane, perpendicular (. the outer plane of the axes of the work rolls 8 and 9 in the direction opposite to the direction of rotation of the copiers 20 After setting the specified angle of rotation of the copiers 20, the stopper 49 of the device 30 is brought into engagement with the corresponding triangular splines. The operation for correcting the magnitude of the mismatch K of the speed of the rolls 8 and 9 can be performed as in 5

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movable and movable rod 13. The latter is most efficient in the production of workpieces, for example, of crankshaft type, having at least three sections with different orientation of the longitudinal axis of the workpiece, corresponding to three different values of misalignment of speeds CL, K, K j rolls 8 and 9 within one working stroke of rails 53. Execution, on 10

example, K values and

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installing two limit switches that interact with the stops (not shown) mounted on the rail 25, and the execution, for example, of the K i value, by performing the operation of fixing the crosspiece 14 against rotation. In the case of the production of rational blanks of parts whose change in shape is related to a variable, for example, monotonously increasing or monotonously decreasing, during the working stroke of the rails 53 by the mismatch value K of the speed of the rolls 8 and in the same way as for the cases when the K value is corrected to eliminate the bending of the strip at its exit from the deformation zone, the rotation of the copiers 20 is carried out with a fixed (the stopper 49 of the device 30 is engaged with the splines of the yoke 21) the yoke 21 and the angled fixation device 16 and crosspiece 14, wherein the required intensity variation of K is provided by the control system dvuhpolo- stnym hydraulic cylinder 11.

At the end of the working stroke, for example, the right two-cylinder hydraulic cylinder 11, simultaneously with the operation of the limit switch mounted on an adjustable stop (not shown), the right double-cylinder hydraulic cylinder 11 switches to the reverse in this case idling, gears 54 of the right drive 2 of the mill are simultaneously displaced from the gearing with the rails 53, and the gears 54 of the left drive 2 of the mill by simultaneous movement with the gears 54 of the right drive 2 of the mill are engaged with the rails 53 and the two-cavity cavity is engaged 11 rotsilindr left drive 2 mill. As a result of performing the described sequence of operations for controlling the operation of the drive 2 of the mill,

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rotation of the rolls unchanged in the direction and preset orientation of the longitudinal axis of rational workpieces.

When implementing the method, rolling long strips with variable, including a cross-section periodically along the length of the strip in cylindrical rolls, operations for controlling the sequence of operation of two-cavity hydraulic cylinders 11 and setting the specified error value K speeds of rolls 8 and 9 are complemented by setting a predetermined position of adjustable stops (not shown) on the base 3 (the position of the stops adjustable on the base 3 is determined by the mode of changing the center-to-center distance of the rolls 8 and 9 and the closure and the opening of the kinematic chains of the drive 2 of the mill - the device Yu turning the bed 3). The sequence of operations on the opening and closing of the kinematic chains of the drive 2 of the mill - the device JCTBO 10 of the rotation of the bed 2 is given earlier in the description of the operation of the drive 2 of the mill for setting the specified center-to-center distance of the rolls 8 and 9.

A stepless combination of periods during the rolling of periodic profiles is made by moving the yoke 21.

When rolling periodic profiles in order to increase rolling accuracy, it is most efficient to set the specified mismatch value of the speeds of the rolls 8 and 9 at the moment when the yoke 14 is in its original position, since in this case the rotation of the copiers 20 is performed with the rod 18 fixed in the axial direction, otherwise, the operations of rotating the copiers 20 (adjusting the K value) must be accompanied by the described operations with the devices 16 and 30.

In the case when the product range contains predominantly periodic profiles with a length commensurate with the magnitude of the working stroke of the rails 53, or, when the mill is designed to carry out only the methods of step rolling and crimping the front end of the strip during drawing, the most reasonable is from the point of view of simplifying the mill construction us30

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Installation of one drive 2 of the mill. The constant direction of rotation of the rolls 8 and 9 when rolling profiles exceeding the length of the strip rolled during the working stroke of the rails 53 is achieved by changing the operations of the axial movements of the gears 54, as follows.

Upon completion of the forward stroke of the racks 53, each of the gears 54, with the help of the clips 57 and the control lever systems, is removed by a simultaneous counter movement, depending on the direction of rotation of the rolls, for example, with the right (left) rail 53, and is engaged with the left (right) rail opposite. As a result, with the reverse, which is also the working stroke of the rails 53, the rolls 8 and 9 do not have their own direction of rotation.

The constant kinematic connection of the opposing rollers 8 and 9 during the mill operation for all of the above modes is achieved in a known manner, for example, by installing, using limit switches and stops (not shown), the magnitude of the working stroke of the rails 53 fixed in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the axes rolls 8 and 9 when translating the drives of the mill 2, the positions of the sleeves 57 and setting the gaps M (Fig. 12) between the fixed working positions of the gears 54, ensuring the constant angular position of the gears 54 when they are Evi displacements (unhindered input gears 54 in engagement with the rails 53).

The sequence of operations to control the operation of the drive 2 of the mill when implementing the method of step rolling differs from the considered modes of operation of the drive 2 of the mill by the absence of operations for the axial movement of the gears 54 during the operation of the mill, since the magnitude of the working, for example, straight (bottom-up) 53, which ensure the reduction of the strip on the transition (cone of deformation) and the calibrating sections, and the idle run of the rails 53 from top to bottom - setting the initial center-to-center distance of the rolls 8 and 9.

Simplification of the design is achieved by reducing the park of interchangeable mines

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The ditch, since the execution of their turning points allows to ensure any law of variation in the magnitude of the mismatch of the rolls speed within each working stroke of the rails using only one set of copiers. The latter also significantly reduces the complexity of technological preparation for production, and provides a reduction in labor costs for the operation of the mill due to the exclusion of assembly operations with copiers during the transition to a new profile dimension.

The possibility of a stepless change in the magnitude of misalignment of the speed of the rolls, including in the process of strip shaping, improves the quality of the workpieces of parts in order to achieve the specified change in the orientation of their longitudinal axis and increases productivity in subsequent types of processing rational part workpieces.

In addition, the possibility of independently performing operations on setting a given value for the misalignment of the speed of the rolls and the stepless combination of periods of opposing rolls during the production of, for example, periodic blanks of parts also reduces the labor costs for setting up the mill and improves the quality of products.

Reducing the operating time of devices when setting up and adjusting the magnitude of the mismatch of the speed of the rolls causes an increase in their durability ..

The use of a single-speed screw rotation drive of a copier turning device and electromagnetic locking devices as executive mechanisms greatly simplifies the mill control system and increases its reliability.

Claims (1)

The proposed technical solution allows reducing, by reducing labor costs for setting up, operation of the mill and for technological preparation for production, labor costs for the production of finished products depending on the profile profile and assembly of lots by 3-13% and increase productivity by 0.2-4.8 % Invention Formula Rolling mill, mainly rolling-forging or roller, W 6 28 3 20 at 5b Bu9a 53 j Jtt J3 56 22 20 S 1 FSh5  J (G, $ J ui OS u o & rva S | J B b s ъ . h. twj N 5 5 - Ts N b , 1 CM. H to r R. 12