SU1572752A1 - Method of machining materials with skin - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular to turning the outer and inner cylindrical surfaces of blanks of materials with a crust. The aim of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities in the processing of cutting materials with a crust. This goal is achieved by rational distribution of the contact interaction of the layer being removed with the cutting part of the tool along the length of its blade. The method of cutting materials with a crust includes an eccentric installation of the workpiece on the machine with an offset on the basis of the allowance and its machining. The workpiece is installed with a displacement of the geometric axis of the cylindrical surface being machined relative to the axis of the spindle at the beginning of the passage by a large displacement at the end of the passage. The difference in displacement values is chosen inversely proportional to the radial angle Θ between their directions. The angle is set in the range of 0 * 98 * 98180 °. 2 Il.

Description

The invention relates to mechanical engineering, in particular, to turning the outer and inner cylindrical surfaces of blanks of materials with a hardened surface layer.

The aim of the invention is the expansion of technological capabilities.

This goal is achieved by rational distribution of the contact interaction of the layer being removed with the cutting part of the tool over its blade.

Fig „1 shows a diagram of the implementation of the proposed method when processing the outer cylindrical surface of the workpiece; Fig. 2 shows a geometric interpretation of the formation of the tool wear area during cutting conditions with cyclically varying beating of the treated surface,

The billet is installed on a machine with eccentricities of the beat at the beginning of Ец and at the end of ЕК being processed. surface 1 and angle 0 between these beats in the radial direction.

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The diameter d of the treated surface 2 I is conditioned by the diameter D of the surface to be machined 1 and the allowance on the first pass0. The value of the allowance on the side along the length L of the passage depends on the current value of the eccentricity of the treated surface 1. The eccentricity of the beat at the beginning of the passage Eg of the passage is equal to the maximum of 10 calculate the availability of allowance. The eccentricity at the end of the aisle is assigned to a smaller beat eccentricity at the beginning of the passage (Ец Ен), while the difference in beating values is proportional to the angle 9 "Cutting tool 3 is set at the cutting angle sr, so that with the greatest eccentricity of the beat of the treated surface, T0е0 at Ец5 the contact area of the cutting part of the tool 3 along the length of its main cutting edge 4 was at least 80-90%

During the cutting process, the processing of surface 1 is considered as the realization of the trigonometric function, being a sinusoid with an amplitude value corresponding to the beating of the treated surface 1 30 along the main cutting edge 4 of the cutting tool 3, and the period corresponding to the longitudinal feed of the cutting tool 3 for one turn of the workpiece. For a process 35 characteristic, the sinusoidal region is determined by a constant width J, the activity of the surface layer. Designing the area of the sinusoidal region on the conditional back surface of the cutting tool 40 3 through its main cutting edge 4, we obtain the width of the rear surface le in length B of the cutting edge 40 wear h3 (B) „

A more intensive growth of the tool wear area 3 in the initial period of processing allows at the beginning of the passage to form a working blade due to the maximum beat of the treated surface 1, to carry out the cutting of the cutting blade throughout its length in contact with the material being processed, which contributes to more uniform loading of the tool 3 in the future throughout the entire passage

The geometry of the wear area at the beginning of the passage has the form of two pronounced widest areas of wear, spaced one from another at a distance of 2E (, / sinty. The area r closer to the tip of the tool has a greater width than the second, because longer time is involved in contact interaction with the layers to be removed.The effect of the subcortical layers and other factors inherent in the processing of materials with a crust (deviations of the treated surface from the correct geometric shape, errors of alignment and installation ki on the machine, the temperature factors of the process, the quality filmed layers and core), loaded by a distance adjustments 2EM / simf, a limited area of these portions.

The wear rate of the tool3 along its main cutting edge

4 at the end of the arrival is determined by: less eccentricity of the beats Ets. "The greatest wear is observed in the region of the regions located at a distance of 2Ek / sinxf. The greater the difference between the eccentricities of the beats.

and EC, the greater the distance between the areas with the greatest intensity of tool wear at the beginning and end of the passage. The greater the angle G between the eccentricities of the beats E ,, and E k in the radial direction, the smaller the distance between the areas with the greatest intensity of tool wear throughout the entire passage. By varying the eccentricities of the beats E h and E c and the angle G (0 ° Јb from 180 °) in each specific case, the interaction of the processing and processed materials along the length B of the cutting edge 4 can be rationally distributed.

Using the proposed method will expand the technological capabilities of processing the cylindrical surfaces of materials with a crust, increase productivity and increase the durability of the cutting tool.

Claims (1)

Invention Formula The method of machining the material with a crust, which includes an eccentric installation of the workpiece on the machine with an offset on the basis of the presence of the allowance and its mechanical processing, which is characterized by the fact that, c. In order to expand technological capabilities, the workpiece is set with a shift of the geometric axis of the machined cylindrical surface of the machine spindle (the geometrical axis of the machined surface.) Geometric axis surface treated relative to the axis of the spindle at the beginning of the passage, greater displacement at the end of the passage, while the difference in the magnitudes of the displacements is inversely proportional to the radial angle 0 between them, directions, and the angle is set in the range of f 6 180 The direction of the displacement of the geometric axis. surface to be treated Phys. 1 W / tSinf - | |