SU1564293A1 - Hydraulic drive of continuous type earth-moving machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to earthmoving machinery and improves the reliability of operation of a continuous earth-moving machine. The hydraulic drive of the machine contains a pressure source 18, a hydraulic cylinder / HZ / 3 controlling the base working member / PO / 2, a hydraulic motor 21 of moving the machine, and a hydraulic motor 15 rotating PO 2. The hydraulic distributor / GR / 12 HZ 13 is four-position. In one of its positions, the rod cavity HZ 3 is in communication with the drain, and the piston is locked. Between HZ 3 and GR 12 an additional two-position GR 6 with hydromechanical control is installed. In one position of the GR of the 6, the piston cavity of the HZ 3 is in communication with the drain, and the rod end is in communication with a pressure source. The control chamber 6 of the GG 6 communicates with the piston cavity HZ 3 through the valve 8 and the adjustable throttle 9. In the pressure hydraulic line 22 of the motor 21, an adjustable throttle 23 is located. Its control body is made in the form of a unilateral HZ 27. The working cavity of the HZ 27 through the adjustable throttle 28 communicates with pressure hydroline 16 of the motor 15. With the beginning of the movement of the machine, the loading of PO 2 increases, and accordingly the pressure of the working fluid at the inlet of the motor 15 and in the rod cavity HZ 27. The piston HZ 27 lowers and reduces the flow area of the dross l 23, providing a reduction in the speed of the machine. When PO 2 meets an insurmountable obstacle in the piston cavity of HZ 3, the pressure of the working fluid rises sharply. It is transferred to chamber 7. The spool of type 6 is lowered, and in this position the piston cavity HZ 3 communicates with the drain, and the piston cavity with pressure hydraulic line. There is a rise in PO 2. 1 Il.

Description

The invention relates to earthmoving machinery, namely to hydraulic drives of continuous earth moving machines.

The purpose of the invention is to increase the reliability of the machine.

The drawing shows the earthmoving machine and its hydraulic drive.

The earthmoving machine. Contains the base machine 1, the working body 2 and the hydraulic actuator having a hydraulic cylinder 3 controlling the bar operating body pivotally connected to it. The hydraulic cylinder 3 communicates with its cavities through the hydrolines 4 and 5 with the hydraulic distributor 6, which is made with manual and hydraulic control and has a control chamber 7 communicated through the valve 8 and the third throttle 9 with the hydraulic cylinder lowering 3. The hydraulic distributor 6 communicates with hydraulic lines 10 and 11 with the control valve 12, which communicates with the pressure 13 and drain 14 hydraulic lines. The rotational drive of the tool is driven by a hydraulic motor 15, the input of which by hydroline 16 through the hydraulic distributor 17 communicates with the pressure source 1 and, and the output hydr6- (through line 19 through the retaining valve 20 communicates with the drain. The machine moves through the hydraulic motor 21 The inlet of which by hydroline 22 through the first adjustable throttle 23 and the hydraulic distributor 24 is connected to the pressure source 18, and the output by the hydroline 25 through the retaining hydraulic valve 26 is connected to the drain. one way

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hydraulic cylinder 27, the working cavity of which through the second adjustable throttle 28 communicates with the input of the motor 15, and in the piston cavity is installed a spring and a mechanism for adjusting its elasticity.

The earthmoving machine works as follows.

In the initial position shown in the drawing, the earthmoving machine and its working body are fixed. The control valves 12, 17 and 24 overlap the hydroline. The piston of the hydraulic cylinder 27 is pressed spring up. The spool valve 6 is held in the upper position by the spring.

To actuate the earthmoving machine, the operator switches the hydraulic valve 17 to the left, including the rotation of the worker and the body 2, and sets it in the rear position by means of the hydraulic distributor 13. After the working body 2 is set to the specified position, the operator raises the control valve 12 up to the end. The spool valve 6 is held by a spring in the position shown in the drawing. The motor 21 moving the machine is turned on by moving the control valve 24 to the right. With the beginning of the machine moving forward, the load of the working body 2 increases, and accordingly the pressure of the working fluid at the inlet of the hydraulic motor 15 and in the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 27 communicated with it. Under the action of increasing pressure

the hydraulic piston of the hydraulic cylinder 27, overcoming the force of the spring, lowers down and reduces the flow area of the throttle 23, thereby reducing the speed of movement of the machine. If a less durable soil is found during the development of the soil, then the torque load of the working body 2 decreases, and the pressure at the inlet of the hydraulic motor 15 and in the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 27 decreases accordingly. The hydraulic piston of the cylinder 27 rises and increases the opening of the throttles 23 and the movement speed cars.

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The ratio of the speed of movement of the machine and the degree of load on the torque of the working body 2 is adjusted by changing the elasticity of the spring in the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 27. When the working body 2 encounters an insurmountable obstacle in the lowering cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 3, the pressure of the working fluid increases, operating pressure. The specified increase in pressure of the working fluid is transmitted through the throttle 9 and the valve 8 to the control chamber 7 of the hydraulic distributor 6. The valve of the hydraulic distributor 6 overcomes the spring force by the action of the pressure of the working fluid, and automatically locks down. In this position, the cavity of the hydraulic cylinder 3 is connected with hydraulic 4, 10, and 14 with a drain, and the lift platform communicates with hydroline 5 5 with the pressure hydraulic of the hydraulic distributor 6. The specified connection ensures the lifting of the working element 2. After removing the contactee, the operator manually activates the lock and the valve The distributor 6 is spring-loaded to its initial position.

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The latch can be made in the form of a spring-loaded ball. The adjustable choke 9 performs filter functions 5, preventing the control valve 6 from being turned on when high-frequency changes in the pressure of the working fluid in the cavity of the lowering of the hydraulic cylinder 3.

U for. Mule Invention

A hydraulic actuator of a continuous earthmoving machine, including a pressure source, a hydraulic cylinder controlling a bar tool with a hydraulic distributor, a hydraulic motor for moving the machine, a rotating body of a working body, characterized in that, the motor of rotation of the working body is made in the form of a hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic drive it is equipped with the first regulating throttle with a governing body in the form of a one-way hydraulic cylinder located in the pressure hydraulic line of the displacement hydraulic motor; and the cavity of which, via the second adjustable throttle, communicates with the pressure hydroline of the hydraulic motor of rotation of the working body, the hydraulic valve of the hydraulic cylinder of the working body is made four-position, in one of the positions of which the rod cavity hydraulic cylinder 35 Pa is connected with the drain, the piston is locked, and the hydraulic drive is equipped with the working body between the hydraulic cylinder and its hydraulic distributor with an additional two-position hydraulic distributor with hydromechanical control, in one of the positions hydraulic cylinder piston chamber communicates with a drain, and rod - with a source

45 pressure, while the control chamber of the additional hydrodistributor communicates with the piston cavity of the hydraulic cylinder by means of sequentially installed valves and a third 50 of its adjustable throttle.

thirty

Claims (1)

. 10 F about r. invention mule The hydraulic drive of a continuous digging machine, including a pressure source, a hydraulic control cylinder for the bar working body '5 with a control valve, a hydraulic motor for moving the machine, an engine for rotating the working body, characterized in that, in order to increase the reliability of the machine, the engine for rotating the working body is made in the form a hydraulic motor, and the hydraulic actuator is equipped with a first regulating throttle 25 located in the pressure line of the hydraulic motor of movement with a governing body in the form of a one-sided hydraulic cylinder, the void cavity of which, by means of a second adjustable throttle, is connected with the pressure hydraulic line of the hydraulic cylinder of the rotor of the working body, the hydraulic valve of the hydraulic cylinder of the working body is made four-positioned, in one of the positions of which the rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinder is communicated with a drain, the piston is locked, and the hydraulic actuator is equipped with a hydraulic cylinder between the working body and its hydrodistributor with an additional two-position hydrodistributor with hydromechanical control, in one of the positions of which piston chamber of the hydraulic cylinder communicates with a drain, and stem - with a pressure source, wherein the auxiliary valve control chamber communicates with the piston cylinder cavity 'means sequentially installed valve and its tret50 reguliruembgo throttle.