SU1562397A1 - Fishway spawning canal - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular to fish passages, which ensure the transfer of fish from the downstream to the upper. The purpose of the invention is to increase work efficiency by creating a reogradient flow velocity diagram in the cross section of the channel. The fish spawning canal includes a gateway regulator located on the canal in its head part, and elements 3 of enhanced roughness installed on the bottom 4 of the canal along its entire length. The elements 3 are made in the form of a parallelepiped and are installed on the bottom 4 of the channel on both its sides in such a way that the distance between the edges 6 close to the channel axis 5 of the elements 3 is 1/3 - 1/4 of the bottom width 4 channels, while the elements 3 are located to axis 5 at an angle of 60 - 75 °. The fish in their movement focuses on the zone with maximum speeds, and as they wear out, they choose a zone with lower speeds.

Description

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FIELD OF THE INVENTION The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, in particular to fish passages, which ensure the transfer of fish from the downstream to the upper.

The purpose of the invention is to increase work efficiency by creating a reogradient flow velocity diagram in the cross section of the channel.

FIG. 1 shows a fish spawn channel, a plan; in fig. 2 - the same, with elements of enhanced roughness; in fig. 3 is a section A-A in FIG. 2

The fish spawning channel includes a gateway-regulator 1 located on channel 2 in its head part, and elements 3 of reinforced roughness installed at the bottom 4 of channel 2 along its entire length, and elements 3 of reinforced roughness are made in the form of parallelepipeds and are installed on the bottom k of channel 2 on both its sides in such a way that the distance between the edges 6 close to the axis 5 of channel 2 and the edges 6 of reinforced roughness elements 3 is equal to the width of the bottom 4 of channel 2, where the roughness elements 3 are located to the axis 5 of channel 2 at an angle 60-75 ° C. The fish spawning channel 2 connects the upper and lower pools of the supporting structure 7. In the lower reach, channel 2 is adjacent to the riverbed 8,

Fish passage-spawning channel works as follows.

Depending on the ichthyological situation in the downstream of the retaining Structure 7, using the gateway-regulator 1, the required water consumption is attracted to the channel 2. The fish spawning, orienting themselves in the formed attracting plume formed in the place of the flow of channel 2 and the transit flow of river 8, falls into the entrance section of channel 2. Due to the presence of reinforced roughness elements 3 in channel 2, a multi-gradient velocity diagram along live forms flow section in (channel 2.

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The height of the elements of enhanced roughness 3 is equal to 1/3 of the flow depth in channel 2, based on the condition of the effective distribution of the flow Vt of quenching of the kinetic energy. In order to effectively promote fish in the bottom layer, the amount of clearance between adjacent rows of reinforced elements

roughness 3 is determined from the ratio

- B - b0 n 1 cos

(90 ° -Y,

5 0 5 Q

. 45, p

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five

where n is the number of elements of enhanced roughness 3 in the alignment; In the width of the fish passage path along the bottom;

B0 is the distance between the 5 edges closest to the axis,

1 - the length of the element roughness

cxi, - the angle of their installation.

The minimum clearance is taken from the condition of the free passage of fish in the bottom layer. Due to the formation of a reogradient velocity profile in channel 2, fish, depending on their physiological state and swimming capacity, have the ability to select certain high-speed sections of the stream, which correspond to its energy capabilities. As they move, the fish orient themselves to the zone with maximum speeds. or, as one is exhausted, chooses zones with lower speeds, providing her with the opportunity to rest and recover her energy abilities. In this way, effective movement of the fish through channel 2 to the exit tip and into the upstream of the retaining structure 7 is ensured.

The effective operation of the fish pass-spawning channel depends on the parameters and the installation of elements of enhanced roughness 3 directly in channel 2. With one width bQ equal to 1/3 of the bottom 4 channels 2 V, the speed in the central part of the fish pass path is regulated. Changing the angle of installation of elements 3 from 60 to 75 ° allows you to adjust the flow rate in the coastal zones of channel 2, while changing the value of the transverse velocity gradient at the alignment. Speed profile control in the fish passage path is also achieved with a different width of channel 2 channel 2 equal to 1/4 V. The proposed arrangement of the elements of enhanced roughness 3 also makes it possible to efficiently transport bottom pumps both in the central part and along the coastal zones, where the velocity values are higher than - foul, protection channel 2 from silting, and also helps to maintain the design depth along the entire length of the fish passage channel.

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Claims (1)

Claim Fishery-spawning channel, including a gateway regulator located on the channel in its head part, and reinforced roughness elements installed on the bottom of the channel along its entire length, characterized in that, in order to increase work efficiency by creating a gradient gradient velocity diagram in cross section channel, reinforced roughness elements are made in the form of parallelepipeds and are installed on the bottom of the channel on both sides of it, so that the distance between the edges of reinforced roughness elements nearest to the channel axis p clearly 1 / 3-1 / 4 width of the channel bottom, with elements shero10 Howat disposed to the bore axis at an angle of 60-75. Aa 5 2